manual toolbox experriment process control

8/2/2019 Manual Toolbox Experriment Process Control

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TRNG I HC BCH KHOA H NIKHOAIN

B MN IU KHIN TNG

HNG DN SDNGTOOLBOX TH NGHIM

IU KHIN QU TRNH

Nghim Xun Trng

B mn iu khin tngTrng i hc Bch Khoa H Ni


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1 Gii thiu chung

Toolbox th nghim iu khin qu trnh bao gm cc khi Simulink (Simulink block) phcv cho cc bi th nghim ca mn hc iu khin qu trnh c ging dy ti B mn iukhin tng, Khoain, Trngi hc Bch Khoa H Ni. Toolbox nyc xy dng

bi Nghim Xun Trng.

Cc khi Simulink trong toolboxc chia thnh hai loi chnh:

Cc khi m phng cc i tngc s dng trong cc bi th nghim. Cc khi nyc xy dng c gng m phng ging nhtng hc ca cc i tng thc. Bn cnh, cc khi ny cngc xy dng ph hp vi ni dung, yu cu v cch thc tinhnh cc bi th nghim.

Cc khi giao din ha tng tc gip ngi s dng c th quan st qu trnh thnghim cng nh thayi cc thng s ca h thng mt cch trc quan.

Vic s dng cc khi ny v c bn rtn gin, ging nh cc khi chun trong th vinkhi ca Simulink. Mt s v d cngc cung cp ngi s dng tham kho.

2 Ci t toolbox

2.1 Yu cu h thng Phn cng v hiu hnh

Phn cng my tnh chyc phn mm MatLab v Simulink. B nh RAM cng ln cng tt. Hiu hnh Windows t phin bn 95 tr v sau. Tt nht l s dng hiu hnh

Windows 2000 hoc Windows XP. Toolbox khng dngc trn cc hiu hnhkhc.

Phn mm MatLab phin bn t 6.0 tr ln, tt nht l s dng MatLab 6.5. Simulink v Dials & Gauges Blockset phi c ci t trn MatLab. Nu s dng khnng m phng thi gian thc vi Realtime Workshop th Realtime

Windows Target v mt trnh bin dch C/C++ ph hp phi c ci t sn trnmy. Tham kho thm ti liu v Realtime Workshop v Realtime Windows Target

bit thm chi tit.

2.2 Cch thc cit toolbox

Toolboxc phn phi di dng mt tp tin nn ZIP hoc mt tp tin nn t bung. Vicci t toolbox rtn gin vc thc hin hon ton tng. ci tc toolboxny th phn mm MatLab phi c ci t trc vi y cc yu cu nh nu trongphn trn. Cc bc ci t toolboxc tin hnh nh sau.

1. G nn tp tin chnh ra mt th mc ring (v d th mc C:\PCExpSetup)2. Chy chng trnh MatLab, nu chac chy3. Nu c bt kca s Simulink no ang m, hyng li. Tt nht l ch c duy nht

ca s chnh ca MatLab c m


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4. Trong mi trng dng lnh ca MatLab, chuyn th mc hin thi n th mc ccha b ci t toolbox. Trong v d trn, c th s dng dng lnh sau:

cd C:\PCExpSetup

5. Chy chng trnh setup setup

6. Lm theo cc hng dn ca chng trnh ci t. V c bn, ci t toolbox ch mc nh, bn ch cn nhn phm ENTER nhng khi c hi

7. Sau khi chng trnh ci t chy xong v bo ci t thnh cng, bn c th sdng ngay toolbox

8. th nghim, c th s dng cc m hnh Simulink v d trong th mc chnh catoolbox (\toolbox\hut_ac\pcexp).

2.3 Gb toolbox

Khi khng cn s dng toolbox ny na, bn c th g b n hon ton khi h thng bngcch thc hin cc bc sau.

1. Nu chng trnh MatLab chac chy, hy chy n2. Nu cn mt ca s Simulink no ang m (cc m hnh hay ca s th vin Blockset

ca Simulink), hyng tt cli

3. Ti dng lnh MatLab, thc hin lnh>> pcexp -remove

4. Lm theo cc hng dn ca chng trnh cho n khi qu trnh g b kt thc5. Nu chng trnh bo l g b thnh cng, toolboxc g b hon ton khi

h thng. Bn c th s dng MatLab mt cch bnh thng

6. Trong mt s trng hp, bn c th phi xa b bng tay th mc chnh ca toolbox(\toolbox\hut_ac\pcexp).

3 S dng toolbox

Phn chnh ca toolbox l mt th vin bao gm cc khiSimulink phc v cho cc bi th nghim iu khin qu

trnh. Sau khi toolboxc ci t, trong ca s th vinkhi ca Simulink (Simulink Library Browser) s xut hinmcProcess Control Experiments cha cc khi Simulinktrong toolbox (Xem Hnh 1). Ngoi ra cng c th dnglnh sau trong ca s lnh MatLab m ring ca scha cc khi Simulink ny:

>> pcexp -open

Cc khi Simulink trong th vin c chia thnh hai loichnh:

Cc khi m phng cc i tngc s dng trongcc bi th nghim. Hnh 1 Ca s thvin Simulink


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Cc khi giao din ha tng tc gip ngi s dng c th quan st qu trnh thnghim cng nh thayi cc thng s ca h thng mt cch trc quan.

Hin ti, th vin cung cp sn bn khi Simulink nh trong bng di y.

CC KHI M PHNGI TNG

Single-Tank M phng h thng mt bnh mc vi mt van vo v mt van ra

Two-Tank M phng h thng hai bnh mc vi mt van vo bnh 1, mt vangia hai bnh v mt van ra t bnh 2

CC KHI GIAO DIN HA TNG TC

Tank GUI Giao din ha tng tc cho h thng mt bnh mc

Two-Tank GUI Giao din ha tng tc cho h thng hai bnh mc

3.1 Cc khi m phngi tng

3.1.1 Single-Tank

Tn khi: Single-Tank Su vo: 2 hoc 3 Su ra: 3 Chc nng: M phng h thng mt bnh mc vi mt van vo

v mt van ra. S h thng mt bnh mc c biu dintrong hnh di.

Hnh 3 S h thng mt bnh mc

Trong hnh v trn:

In Valve vOut Valve l cc van iu khin lu lng vo v ra. In Flow vOut Flow l lu lng vo v ra. Level l mc cht lng trong bnh, chnh l chiu cao ca khi cht lng trong bnh

(khng phi l th tch). Mc cht lng ti a trong bnh, hay chiu cao ca bnh, l 1000.

In Valve

Out ValveLevel

In Flow

Out Flow

Hnh 2 Khi Single-Tank


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ch mc nh, khi Single-Tank c hai u vo v bau ra, nh biu din trn Hnh2.

C mt sim cn ch trong h thng trn.

Cc u vo In Valve vOut Valve l m cc van tngng, nhn cc gi tr thctrong khong t 0.0 n 1.0. Gi tr 0.0 tngng vi trng hp van ng hon ton,

gi tr 1.0 tngng vi trng hp van m hon ton (100%). Cc van khngp ngtc thi vi gi tr m van t vo m phi thayi dn dn n gi tr mong mun. V d nh nu m van hin thi l 0.2 (20%), khi t gi tr m van mi l 0.6(60%) th m van thc s tng dn t 0.2 ln 0.6 v qu trnh ny phi tn mtkhong thi gian nhtnh.

Cc u raIn Flow vOut Flow l cc gi tr lu lng vo v ra thc. Trong h thngny, lu lngc tnh bng tch ca m van vi gi tr lu lng ti a.

Lu lng ra ti a (cho van ra) ph thuc vo mc cht lng trong bnh. Cn lu lngvo ti a ph thuc vo ngun cung cp cht lng. i vi khi Single-Tank, c hai ch

lu lng vo ti a: ch tng vcht tbn ngoi. Xem phn di bit chi tit v hai ch ny.

Cc ch lu lng vo ti a Ch tng: trong ch ny, h m phng s tng xc nh gi tr lu lng vo

ti a, v trong qu trnh hotng, gi tr ny sc thayi mt cch ngu nhinnhm m phng ging nh trong thc t (khi ngun cung cp thayi lu lng).

Cht t bn ngoi: trong ch ny, gi tr lu lng vo tiac t t bn ngoi bi ngi s dng thng qua mtu voca khi. Khi chuyn sang ch ny, khi Single-Tank s tngto thm mtu vo nhn gi tr lu lng vo ti a. u vony khngc t tn v lu vo th ba (xem hnh bn).

Cc tham s ca khi

Khi nhn p chut vo khi Single-Tank, ca st tham s cho khi s hin ln nh trong Hnh 4.Khi Single-Tank c nm tham s, bao gm:

Tham s Course Number, Class Number v Name List Number: nhp vo cc thng s vkha (course), lp (class) v s th t trongdanh sch (name list number) ca tng sinh

vin. Da vo cc thng s ny, h thng s tng tnh ton cc thng s c th ca h thngmt bnh mc cho tng sinh vin

Tham s Initial Level: mc cht lng ban utrong bnh. V chiu cao ca bnh l 1000 nntham s ny phi l mt s thc trong khong t0.0 n 1000.0

Tham sManual Input Flow Rate: nu hp nykhngc chn th ch lu lng vo ti Hnh 4 Ca s tham s ca khi Single-Tank


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a s lch tng, cn nu hp nyc chn th ch lu lng vo ti a s lcht tbn ngoi. Mc nh hp ny khngc chn.

3.1.2 Two-Tank

Tn khi: Two-Tank

Su vo: 3 hoc 4 Su ra: 5 Chc nng: M phng h thng hai bnh mc vi mt van vo bnh

1, mt van gia hai bnh v mt van ra t bnh 2. S h thnghai bnh mc c biu din trong hnh di.

Hnh 6 H thng hai bnh mc

Trong hnh v trn:

Tank 1 vTank 2 l hai bnh mc. Valve 1, Valve 2 vValve 3 ln lt l cc van iu khin lu lng vo bnh 1, lu lng

gia hai bnh v lu lng ra t bnh 2.

Flow 1,Flow 2 vFlow 3 ln lt l lu lng qua cc van tngng. Level 1 vLevel 2 l cc mc (chiu cao) cht lng trong bnh 1 v bnh 2. Mc cht lng

ti a trong chai bnh l 1000.

Cc u vo vu ra ca khi Two-Tankc quynh nh sau:

Cc u vo Valve 1, Valve 2 vValve 3 l m cc van tngng, nhn cc gi trthc trong khong t 0.0 n 1.0. Gi tr 0.0 tngng vi trng hp van ng honton, gi tr 1.0 tngng vi trng hp van m hon ton (100%). Cc van khngpng tc thi vi gi tr m van t vo m phi thayi dn dn n gi tr mongmun . V d nh nu m van hin thi l 0.2 (20%), khi t gi tr m van mil 0.6 (60%) th m van thc s tng dn t 0.2 ln 0.6 v qu trnh ny phi tn mtkhong thi gian nhtnh.

Cc u raFlow 1, Flow 2 vFlow 3 l cc gi tr lu lng qua cc van tngng.Trong h thng ny, lu lngc tnh bng tch ca m van vi gi tr lu lng tia.

Valve 1

Valve 2 Valve 3

Flow 1

Flow 2

Flow 3

Level 1

Level 2

Tank 1 Tank 2

Hnh 5 Khi Two-Tank


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Lu lng ti a cho van 3 ph thuc vo mc cht lng trong bnh 2. Lu lng ti acho van 2 ph thuc vo chnh lch mc cht lng gia bnh 1 v bnh 2. Cn lulng ti a cho van 1 (van vo) ph thuc vo ngun cung cp cht lng. Khi Two-Tank c hai ch lu lng vo ti a: ch tng vcht t bn ngoi.

Xem phn di bit chi tit v hai ch ny.

Cc ch lu lng vo ti a Ch tng: trong ch ny, h m phng s tng xc nh gi tr lu lng vo

ti a, v trong qu trnh hotng, gi tr ny sc thayi mt cch ngu nhinnhm m phng ging nh trong thc t (khi ngun cung cp thayi lu lng).

Cht t bn ngoi: trong ch ny, gi tr lu lng vo ti ac t t bn ngoi bi ngi s dng thng qua mtu vo cakhi. Khi chuyn sang ch ny, khi Two-Tank s tng tothm mtu vo nhn gi tr lu lng vo ti a. u vo ny

khngc t tn v lu vo th t (xem hnh bn).

Cc tham s ca khi

Khi nhn p chut vo khi Two-Tank, ca st tham s cho khi s hin ln nh trong Hnh7. Khi Two-Tank c bn tham s, bao gm:

Tham s Course Number, Class Number vName List Number: nhp vo cc thng s vkha (course), lp (class) v s th t trongdanh sch (name list number) ca tng sinh

vin. Da vo cc thng s ny, h thng s tng tnh ton cc thng s c th ca hthng hai bnh mc cho tng sinh vin

Tham s Manual Input Flow Rate: nu hpny khngc chn th ch lu lng voti a s lch tng, cn nu hp nyc chn th ch lu lng vo ti a s lcht t bn ngoi. Mc nh hp ny

khngc chn.

3.2 Cc khi giao din ha tng tc

3.2.1 Tank GUI

Tn khi: Tank GUI Su vo: 1 Su ra: 2 Chc nng: Cung cp giao din ha tng tc cho h thng mt

bnh mc.Khi hotng, khi Tank GUIto giao din ha nh Hnh 9.

Hnh 7 Ca s tham s ca khi Two-Tank

Hnh 8 Khi Tank GUI


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u vo

u vo Level l mc cht lng hin thi trong bnh.Trong qu trnh m phng, gi tr cau vo nycth hin tc thi trn hnh nh bnh mc ca giao din ha. Gi tru vo Level b chn trong khong t

0.0 n chiu cao ca bnh mc (xem phn Cc tham sca khi di).

Cc u ra

u raSP l gi tr caim t, c xc nh bng gitr ca thanh trt tngng trn giao din ha. Khingi dng thayi gi trim t trn giao din ha th lp tc gi tru ra ny thayi theo tngng.

u raOutValve l gi tr ca m van ra, l mt sthc t 0.0 n 1.0 tngng vi m van t 0% n100%. Gi tru ra nyc xc nh theo thanh trttngng trn giao din ha.

Cc tham s ca khi

Khi nhn p chut vo khi Tank GUI, ca s ttham s cho khi s hin ln nh trong Hnh 10. Khi Tank GUIc hai tham s, bao gm:

Tham s Maximum Height: chiu cao ca bnh mc, chnh l mc cht lng ti atrong bnh mc. Gi tru vo Level cakhi b chn trn bi gi tr ny.

Tham sSample Time: thi gian trch mugn vi khi ny, hay chnh l chu k cpnht ca khi (bao gm c cp nht hnhnh v cp nht cc gi tr trn thanh trt).Gi tr chu k nyc tnh theo giy (s).Nu gi tr ny l -1 th khi Tank GUIsc cp nht theo s thayi cau voca n, ngha l chu siu khin ca khia gi tr ti u vo ca n.

3.2.2 Two-Tank GUI

Tn khi: Two-Tank GUI Su vo: 3 Su ra: 5 Chc nng: Cung cp giao din ha tng tc cho h thng

hai bnh mc.

Hnh 9 Giao din tng tc Tank GUI

Bnh mctSet-

Point

m van ra

Hnh 10 Ca s tham s ca khi Tank GUI

Hnh 11 Khi Two-Tank GUI


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Khi hotng, khi Two-Tank GUIto giao din ha nh Hnh 12.

Hnh 12 Giao din tng tc Two-Tank GUI

Cc u vo

u vo Level 1 vLevel 2 tngng l mc cht lng hin thi trong bnh 1 v bnh 2.Trong qu trnh m phng, gi tr ca cc u vo nyc th hin tc thi trn hnh nhca bnh mc tngng ca giao din ha. Cc gi tr ny b chn trong khong t 0.0n chiu cao ca bnh mc tngng (xem phn Cc tham s ca khi di).

u vo Valve l mt vector tngng vi cc gi tr m van trong trng hp c t nhtmt van c iu khin t bn ngoi khi thay v t cc thanh trt trn giao din ha.S phn t ca vector ny phi ng bng s van c iu khin t bn ngoi khi, theo

th t t van 1 n van 3. Xem thm phn Cc u ra, phn Cc tham s ca khi v v ds dng khi.

Cc u ra

Cc u raSP 1 vSP 2 tngng l cc gi trim t cho bnh 1 v bnh 2, c xcnh bng gi tr ca thanh trt tngng trn giao din ha. Khi ngi dng thayi

gi trim t trn giao din ha th lp tc gi tr ca cc u ra ny thayi theotngng.

Cc u raValve 1, Valve 2 vValve 3 tngng l cc gi tr m van 1, van 2 v van 3,

l s thc t 0.0 n 1.0 tngng vi m van t 0% n 100%. Cc gi tru ra nyc xc nh nh sau:

Bnh mc 1 Bnh mc 2

Van 2

Van 1

Van 3

tSet-

Point1

tSet-

Point2


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Nu van khngc iu khin t bn ngoi khi, hay ni cch khc l van c iukhin bi ngi s dng thng qua giao din ha tng tc, th gi tru rac xcnh theo thanh trt tngng trn giao din ha.

Nu van c iu khin t bn ngoi khi th gi tru ra chnh l gi tr tngngtrong vector u vo Valve (xem phn Cc u vo).

Xem thm phn Cc u vo, phn Cc tham s ca khi v v d s dng khi.

Cc tham s ca khi

Khi nhn p chut vo khi Two-Tank GUI,ca st tham s cho khi s hin ln nhtrong Hnh 13. Khi Two-Tank GUI c bntham s, bao gm:

Tham sMaximum Height of Tank 1: chiucao ca bnh 1, chnh l mc cht lng ti

a trong bnh 1. Gi tru voLevel 1 cakhi b chn trn bi gi tr ny.

Tham sMaximum Height of Tank 2: chiucao ca bnh 2, chnh l mc cht lng tia trong bnh 2. Gi tru voLevel 2 cakhi b chn trn bi gi tr ny.

Tham sValve Mask: l mt vector gm baphn t. Nu phn t thk ca vector nyc gi tr khc 0 th valve thkc iu

khin bi ngi s dng thng qua thanhtrt tngng trn giao din ha. Ngcli, nu phn t thk ca vector ny c gitr khc 0 th valve thkc iu khin t bn ngoi khi thng qua gi tr tngngtrong vector u vo Valve (xem v d s dng khi bn di).

Tham sSample Time: thi gian trch mu gn vi khi ny, hay chnh l chu k cpnht ca khi (bao gm c cp nht hnh nh v cp nht cc gi tr trn thanh trt).Gi tr chu knyc tnh theo giy (s). Nu gi tr ny l -1 th khi Two-Tank GUIsc cp nht theo s thayi ca cc u vo ca n, ngha l chu siu khin cacc khi a gi tr ti cc u vo ca n.

V d sdng khi

Xt mt s v dn gin v s dng khi hiu r hn v cch thc hotng ca khi.

H thng hai bnh mc, trong van 2 do ngi sdng thay i, van 1 v van 3 do h thng iukhin thayi (thayi t bn ngoi khi). Hnhnh m hnh trn Simulink nh hnh bn. Trongtrng hp ny, tham s Valve Mask ca khic t l vector [0 1 0] (phn t 1 v 3 bng 0

tng ng vi van 1 v 3 c thay i t bnngoi, phn t 2 bng 1 do van 2 c ngi dng

Hnh 13 Ca s tham s ca khi Two-Tank GUI


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thayi). u vo Valve ca khi l cc tn hiu xc nh m ca van 1 v van 3(khng c van 2 do van nyc ngi dng thayi). Nh vy, tn hiu vo Valve lmt vector gm hai phn t, trong phn t th nht l m van 1, phn t th hail m van 3. C th dng khiMux kt hp tn hiu nh trong s trn. Cc ura ca khi tngng l cc gi trt v cc m van, trong: cc u raValve1 vValve3

t

ng

ng l cc

m

ca van 1 v van 3, chnh l cc gi tr

a vo qua

uvo Valve; u raValve2 l m ca van 2, do ngi dngt thng qua giao din.

Cng trong h thng trn, nu mun thayi sao cho van 1 v van 2 c thayi t bnngoi, van 3 do ngi dng thayi th ta ch vic t li tham sValve Mask ca khithnh [0 0 1], vng tn hiu th hai vo khiMux s l m van 2 thay v m

van 3.

manual toolbox experriment process control

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