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Manpower Development  and the Health andManpower Development  and the Health andSafety of Welding PersonnelSafety of Welding Personnel

ByBy

Kadiri ShamusideenKadiri Shamusideen

(MINSP, MNIW, MASSE, MESN, MRLSS)(MINSP, MNIW, MASSE, MESN, MRLSS)Principal Lecturer,Principal Lecturer,

Department of Health Safety and Environment Department of Health Safety and Environment 

Gateway Industrial and PetroGateway Industrial and Petro -- Gas Institute. OniGas Institute. Oni

IjebuIjebu -- Waterside, Ogun StateWaterside, Ogun State

08023395118, 08120505968, 0805144111208023395118, 08120505968, 08051441112

skadiri782000@yahoo.comskadiri782000@yahoo.com

Paper presented atPaper presented at THE ECOWAS REGIONAL WELDING CONFERENCE THE ECOWAS REGIONAL WELDING CONFERENCE August 16August 16 18 , 2010 . Abuja18 , 2010 . Abuja

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InIn thethe manufacturing,manufacturing, fabricationfabrication andand constructionconstruction industries,industries, worldworld--widewide

emergingemerging joiningjoining technologies,technologies, newnew materialsmaterials andand increasedincreased qualityquality demands,demands,

automationautomation andand robotisationrobotisation areare affectingaffecting allall aspectsaspects of of planningplanning andand operationoperation

of of productionproduction systemssystems.. WeldingWelding workwork facedfaced newnew challenges,challenges, linkedlinked toto thetheincreasedincreased demandsdemands onon productivity,productivity, flexibility,flexibility, andand product product qualityquality..

AnAn internationalinternational notionnotion isis that that onlyonly veryvery fewfew welderswelders andand otherother weldingwelding

personnelpersonnel suchsuch asas welders welders mate,mate, fabricators,fabricators, machinistsmachinists etcetc areare activeactive asas

professionalsprofessionals inin theirtheir tradetrade upup toto normalnormal retirement retirement ageage.. AnAn important important reasonreason

forfor thisthis isis that that healthhealth problemsproblems causecause earlyearly retirement retirement oror aa transitiontransition toto

unqualifiedunqualified jobsjobs..

AbstractAbstract

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The welding industry is in the process of change and underThe welding industry is in the process of change and under

pressure. New processes and new materials are being introduced inpressure. New processes and new materials are being introduced in

the wake of increasingly tough competition. For the past few years,the wake of increasingly tough competition. For the past few years,the metal fabrication and construction industries have faced athe metal fabrication and construction industries have faced a

challenge in finding skilled welders. With approximately 150,000challenge in finding skilled welders. With approximately 150,000

welders in Nigeria, the average welder today is in his or her midwelders in Nigeria, the average welder today is in his or her mid--40s40s

and nearing retirement. With welders retiring at twice the pace of and nearing retirement. With welders retiring at twice the pace of 

new welders coming into the field, it's anticipated that in the yearsnew welders coming into the field, it's anticipated that in the years

to come, we will have a significant shortfall of qualified welders.to come, we will have a significant shortfall of qualified welders.

IntroductionIntroduction

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What is Manpower DevelopmentWhat is Manpower Development

Manpower development could be defined asthe existence of unskilled and/or skilledhumans that need training or re-training toperform specific task in society (Ekpo 1989).

Manpower development as related to weldingindustry

Formal education and training programmes toprovide subject matter skills and programs to

create and constantly reinforce thedevelopment of a culture of safety amongindividuals employed in the welding industry.

Neither of these objectives will be easily achieved

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Welders in Training  (courtesy PTDF/N IW)

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Overview of welding industryOverview of welding industry

Estimated 3 million WW welders, cutters (AWS)Estimated 3 million WW welders, cutters (AWS)

About 150,000 in Nigeria (NNPC)About 150,000 in Nigeria (NNPC)

Most from small employers, performing construction workMost from small employers, performing construction work Welding and cutting are one of a few trades with significant Welding and cutting are one of a few trades with significant 

routine airborne exposure with limited engineering controlroutine airborne exposure with limited engineering control

Wide array of health hazardsWide array of health hazards

About  160 welding processes (ISO 4063)About  160 welding processes (ISO 4063)

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Ineffective Health and safety policyIneffective Health and safety policy

Organisational restructuring which placed  people in positions forOrganisational restructuring which placed  people in positions for

which they had insufficient experiencewhich they had insufficient experience

Poor medical facilitiesPoor medical facilities Inadequate PPEInadequate PPE

Poor work station designPoor work station design

unrealistic timescales for implementing plans, which put pressureunrealistic timescales for implementing plans, which put pressure

on people to cut corners and reduce supervisionon people to cut corners and reduce supervision

work scheduling and rosters which failed to take account of thework scheduling and rosters which failed to take account of the

problems of fatigueproblems of fatigue

inadequate resources allocated to traininginadequate resources allocated to training

Factors that may contribute to poor Health andsafety of welding personnel

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Indoors in confined spaces

Indoors in open spaces

Underwater

above ground Outdoors

below ground (pipeline tie-ins)

Fabrication tents

Tanks, trailers, ships, process vessels.

Work Environment

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Strategy for Health and Safety in  ManpowerStrategy for Health and Safety in  ManpowerDevelopment in Welding industryDevelopment in Welding industry

Understand welding processes and typical

applications

Recognize hazards associated with weldingprocesses

Understand exposure assessment techniques;typical exposure levels for hot work

Apply ventilation and PPE fundamentals to welding

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Hazard Prevention Strategy

Innovative Management

Safe Workplace Strategy

Traditional Management

Safe Person Strategy

A high level of integration of health and safety into

broader management systems and practices (whichconnect OHS to business planning, or quality/best

practice management  initiatives)

A low level of integration of health and safety intobroader management systems and  practices.

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Workplace Strategy

Safe Person

Workplace Strategy

Safe Person

Workplace Strategy

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Workplace Strategy

Safe Person

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Workplace Strategy

Safe Workplace

Workplace Strategy

Safe Workplace

Workplace StrategyWorkplace Strategy

Safe Workplace

Workplace Strategy

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Safe Workplace

Workplace Strategy

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Safe Workplace

Workplace Strategy

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Hazard Management Techniques

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European Welding

Federation (EWF)Safety Management

Systems (SMS)

EWFEWF--SMS (Health and SafetySMS (Health and Safety

Management System) is aManagement System) is a

management tool integrated withmanagement tool integrated with

ISO 3834 Quality CertificationISO 3834 Quality Certification

SchemeScheme

Welding Safety Management Systems

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Information, training and supervision

Tell workers that fumes and dusts from welding andallied processes can cause lung disease, which leads todisablement and early death. There are also risks of asthma and cancer.

Approaches To Safety Management

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Train and supervise workers - you need to make surethey are doing the job in the right way, and usingcontrols properly to reduce their exposure as low aspossible. Include supervisors and managers in health andsafety training. Training should include:

a. how to use the controls and how to check that they are

working;b. how to maintain and clean equipment safely;c. how to use and look after personal protective equipment 

(PPE); andd. what to do if something goes wrong.

Approaches To Safety Management

Training

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Supervision means checking workers: use the controls provided; follow the work method;

turn up for health monitoring; and are following the rules on personal hygiene.

Contractors also need supervision. Find out if they arebringing hazardous substances on site, and how they willprotect your workers from them.

Approaches To Safety Management

Supervision

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Approaches To Safety Management

Facilities

Provide clean facilities; a washroom, showers, storagefor clean and contaminated work clothing, and arefreshment area. Provide coveralls that do not retaindust.

Facilities

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Line Supervisors

Managers

Leaders

Building Safety Excellence

� The structure must be built from the bottomup

� The overall structure will suffer if any brickis missing

� It takes time and serious energy to build thestructure

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Welding process : each exhibit their own suite of hazards.

Materials to be welded also exhibit their own suite of hazards.

The work environment and specific task affect 

exposure potentials by affecting fume dispersion.

IDENT IFYING WELDING HAZARDS

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IDE NTIFYING WELDING HAZARDS

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Remember, just because the advice/suggestions

given in this presentation means that you have to

change old working practices or spend money on

new controls, that doesnt make it unsuitable!

Decide how best to make any changes required

across the board.

Last line

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Conclusion

Ways must be found to amalgamate technical

demands with demands relating to human

factors: management of the workforce,organisation of work, ergonomics, health and

safety of welding personnel if we are to

achieve required manpower development inwelding and allied industries in West Africa.

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Thank You

Thank Youandand

GOD BlessGOD Bless