management of modern historic urban landscapes chandigarh, india

Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner

UNESCO World Heritage CentreWorkshop on Management of historic urban Landscape of the 20th

century 18-21 December 2007

Chandigarh, India

The Case of Tel AvivThe Case of Tel Avivthe City and the Metropolitan Contextthe City and the Metropolitan Context

Towards a Management PlanTowards a Management Plan

Naomi Angel, Architect

Tel Aviv District PlannerTel Aviv District Planning and Building Commission

Ministry of the InteriorState of Israel

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Tel Aviv the city and the Metropolitan context

Towards a management plan

Naomi Angel, Architect - Tel Aviv District Planner

Tel Aviv District within Israel

North

Haifa

Center

Tel- Aviv Tel- Aviv

Jerusalem

South

Management of Modern Historic Urban Landscapes Chandigarh, India

Adjacent cities




Tel Aviv District Regional Plan

1000 DUNAM = 1 sqKM=100 hectars

Bnei Brak 145,000 38.8 7.35

Givataiim 50,000 19.2 3.25

Azoor 10,000 9.6 2.4

Holon 165,000 23.5 18.95

Or Yehuda 30,000 17.1 5.15

Kiriat Ono 25,000 11.0 4.1

Ramat Gan 130,000 15.3 13.25

Bat yam 130,000 33.5 8.15

Tel Aviv-Jafa

380,000 16.3 51.8

Total 1,185,000

18.2 170

Ramat ha- sharon

35,000 7.4 16.8

Hertzelia 85,000 9.3 21.6

Municipality

Population 2005

Population density (Avg. in

residential DUNAM

developed)

Municipal Area

(sqKM)

Tmm 5rounded figures


Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Adjacent cities




Metropolitan Parks

Park Ayalon

(Ariel Sharon)

Park Ha’yarkon

Coastal Park

4 sqKM

9 sqKM

8 sqKM


Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Adjacent cities




Mass Transit system

רעננה כפרסבא

ראש העיןפתחתקווה

תל אביב יפו

בניברק

רמת גן

יהוד

רחובות

ראשוןלציון

בת יםחולון

יבנה

רמלה

לוד

קריתאונו

הודהשרון

הרצליה

רמתהשרון

אלעד

שוהם

באריעקב

אור יהודה

סביון

נס ציונה

מקרא קו אדום קו ירוקחולון-הרצליהפ"ת/יהוד-ת"אכ"ס-צ.חולוןצ.בילו-צ.חולוןכ"ס-הרצליהרמלה-ראשל"צמסילת רכבת ישראלתחנות רכבת ישראלמרכז תחזוקהתוואי חלופי לתע"שתוואי חלופי לצריפין

National Plan 23A/4

Metropolitan park and mass transit- building blocks for sustainability of urban texture

•“oxygen” to central city rehabilitation and stabilization

•The family car-curse or blessing?

•Parking Quotas

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Adjacent cities





The White City within the District

Plan

• Area inscribed: 140 Hectar .buffer-200.• 8,500 buildings in total protected urban

area• 1,500 to be conserved• Q. Ratio 1500:8500- too low?• Q. Inscribed/protected areas in outer

ring township?

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Adjacent cities





The world heritage site-The white city of Tel Aviv

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Adjacent cities





Management plan Issues

Building rights “BANK” a residential highrise on city property, booster for implementation of the conservation plan

Conflict- upscaling of development drives away “rough” free style outdoor activities (youth movement) neighborhood lifestyle jeopardized?

Project statistics-

”Remez-Arlozorov ”

Arch: Meizlits- Kassif

108 flats,

20,000 sqM total floor area

36 stories

Location: east of white City .

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Adjacent cities





Assuta Hospital Residential Project

Conserve or reconstruct?

Public parking needs- underground Public buildings and open space deficits in neighborhoodTower heightTree conservationEdge of lot design

solution- new concept?

35 Storey new tower

4 buildings conserved- one lost

3 ficus trees preserved

2 public gardens + public bldg lot

2 pedestrian neighborhood connective paths

100 public parking

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Adjacent cities





Tel Aviv harbor

Connecting through the TLV city pulse

Arthur Rupin, 1912:“The appearance of Tel Aviv today makes no sense without its beachfront”

How to create and sustain a management plan?

Conserve only or demolish and reconstruct?

Old and new/ private and public

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Adjacent cities





The street as a project

Kapln St – Tel AvivStreet line Vs Sky line

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Adjacent cities


Arch. Hezi Berkovich City EngineerThe Municipality of Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel

Dreaming RealityThe first 100 years of Tel-Aviv

CULTURAL SIGNIFICNCE

MODERN TEL- AVIV

DEVELOPMENT& CRISIS

PLANNING STRATEGIES

THE FUTURE

Rothschild blvd., Tel Aviv during the 30s

BACK TO SQUARE ONE

Urban linear parks along the historic boulevards




Between Tel Aviv & Chandigarh

Master Plan of Chandigarh 1953

Master Plan of Tel Aviv 1925Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Adjacent cities





Project cities vs process cities

The modern architecture heritage

Washington DC- The Mall

Project cities-celebration and symbol of Independence and of Democracy

Jerusalem-City viewTel Aviv – Edge of World Heritage site

The National Institues Axis in Western Jerusalem

Dilemmas: public icons in process cities-Mann AuditoriumInherent rigidity vs freer directives?

Process sites- mixed city texture of new, old, older

Brasilia-The Mall

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Adjacent cities





New Delhi Barcelona Paris

New-YorkBrasiliaTel -Aviv

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Adjacent cities

Discussion

Scale of city fabricVarious Cities





Tel-Aviv CenterTel-Aviv northern suburbs

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Adjacent cities

Discussion


Scale of city fabric Tel Aviv




Ramat Ha-Sharon

“kohav” cinemaPioneers House

Water tower “HAGANA” offices

Current conservation list

early settlement heritage

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Adjacent cities

Discussion





Holon

First printery"Tel giborim” Pillbox

The great Synagogue “Husmasa” well House

Current conservation list

early settlement and modern heritage

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Adjacent cities

Discussion





Ramat Gan

Current conservation list – in preparation?

International Style Architecture

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Adjacent cities

Discussion





How did the inscription as a modern heritage site affect How did the inscription as a modern heritage site affect the city:the city:

• Missing in the Inscription: Gardens, Streets.• Accelerated real estate price change- order of

magnitude.• Radiation on neighboring cities• City pride• Public and residents awareness- heritage oriented

“public eye”. • City icons- frozen and doomed or conserved and

vibrant? (Mann Auditorium, Dizengoff circle)• Stormy public disputes – advantage or risk? How to

avoid overppolitization of issues?

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Adjacent cities


Post Inscription Processes




Thinking STREETWISEThinking STREETWISE

• Streetline vs skyline.• The case of the Tel Aviv White City typical street: Car

vs Pedestrian.• Evergreen hedges and “green gate" at lotline• Low fence between lot and sidewalk• Private car parking within lot crisscross sidewalk,

demolish fence and yard and evergreen edge• The changing public standards of residents• The story of Bialik St.- reinsating fence -positive

incentive (new fence built by city) failed, negative incentive (confiscation of neglected property by court order) succeeds

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Adjacent cities


Demonstrative Examples




• Permits and building rights transfer- mandatory city coaching of the residents

• Building rights BANK.• The buffer zone (Protected area) rezoning – URGENT.• Electrical co.- “Celebrating 120 years”- gradual transfer

of cables from street to the underground.• Gardens in White City- missing entities in inscription.• The street as a project – the buildings as pearls on a

string.• Green building code- poisonous materials, (Q. removing

cars from lots/streets? cycling environment) as examples.

• Must accommodate economic growth to support the heritage site.

• Assist adjacent city engineers in the process.

Emerging management ideas (with city Emerging management ideas (with city officials) Iofficials) I

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Adjacent cities


City Level




•1-5-10 year management plan

•Employ a project manager assigned to institute the 1st overall management plan.

•More professionals- education curriculum- conservation architects, Garden and landscape specialists.

•Cellular antennas, parking in lot, inner changes- weaknesses of conservation plan 2650b as approved. Need for ongoing city guardianship.•Q: what is beyond our capacity when dealing with modern heritage?•Conserve- do not preserve. Q: where is the line drawn?•Q: Lifestyle- old style jeopardized: Older/Weaker pushed out?

Emerging management ideas (with city Emerging management ideas (with city officials) IIofficials) II

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Adjacent cities


City Level




• Minimize risks for the city –”BANK” of building rights –Zoning it.

• Divide zoning plan 2650b to 2 plans: buildings (approved!) and buffer, “protected”, areas (to be done)

• Guide conservation plans for adjacent cities – Metropolitan Buffer Zone and metropolitan radiation of World Heritage Site inscription.

• Note: Shift from heritage of Zionist settlement only - towards a mixture of past agricultural and small town heritage with modern Architectural urban.

• Assist in updating regulations and laws -Fiscal laws (tax incentives – VAT and property tax). -Fire protection code- Fire engine near building

front Vs protecting street, green fence, sidewalk & trees.• Q: Is there a metropolitan vision of heritage?• Q: Metropolitan management plan or guidance towards

local ones?

Emerging District level management issues Emerging District level management issues Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Adjacent cities


District Level




Where are we on the timeline of Metropolitan aging?Where are we on the timeline of Metropolitan aging?

• “Petrified forest – Living forest” image.• Inherent uncertainties – apply Risk Management

methodologies – Re-educate Planners.• 4 “sister cities” transcontinetal partnership –

Brasilia, Chandigarh, Le Havre, Tel Aviv- dynamic learning and constant mutual support – empowrment.

• What next? – 100 years of Tel Aviv meeting: 2009 ?– 4 Cities Internet Forum: immediate action.

Backgound

Conservation

Urban fabric

City scale

Discussion

Adjacent cities


Reflection on URBAN PROCESSES




Thanks

•Arch. Danny Kaiser- former City Engineer- Tel Aviv-Jaffa

• Arch. Hezi Berkowitz - City Engineer- Tel Aviv-Jaffa

•Arch. Nitza Szmuk- former head of conservation Dpt.–Tel-Aviv Jaffa

•Arch. Daniella Possek – City Architect Tel-Aviv Jaffa

•Arch. Jeremie Hoffman - head of conservation Dpt.–Tel-Aviv Jaffa

•Planner Tamar Tuchler – Council for Conservation of Sites and Buildings

•Arch. Gobbi Kertes – Conservation consultant , Tel-Aviv District

•Arch. Sergio Lerman – City Architect, Ramat Gan

•Arch. Tzadik Elyakim, Arch. Udi Kassif, Arch. Moshe Tzur

•Arch. Amichai Friedman and TLV District team

•Arch. student Tamir Lavi.


management of modern historic urban landscapes chandigarh, india

Documents

district plantel aviv

management plannaomi

white city of tel avivtel

metropolitan context

case of tel avivthe

city property

india naomi angel

central city rehabilitation