Mammals, Reptiles, Fish, Amphibians, and Birds

Vocabulary JeopardyEctothermic molt metamorphosis

Invertebrate Warm-blooded

incubation

Cold-blooded Vertebrate decomposers

Ectothermic

• When an animal gets its heat from outside its body

molt

• To shed periodically part or all of a coat or outer covering which is then replaced by a new covering

metamorphosis

• The series of changes certain animals go through as they develop from eggs to adults; means “having a double life” in Latin.

Invertebrate

• Lacking a backbone or a spinal column

Warm-blooded

• Only two kinds of vertebrates –birds and mammals-are warm –blooded. Their blood and body stay the same temperature no matter how cold or hot their surroundings are. These animals become ill or die if their body temperature changes very much.

incubation

• To keep in a favorable environment for hatching or developing

Cold-blooded

☼Almost all animals are cold-blooded. The temperature of their blood and body changes when their surroundings become warmer or colder.

Vertebrate

• Having a backbone or a spinal column

decomposer

• An organism that feeds on or breaks down dead plant or animal matter thus making organic nutrients available in the ecosystem.

Warm Blooded

☼ Only two kinds of vertebrates –birds and mammals-are warm –blooded. Their blood and body stay the same temperature no matter how cold or hot their surroundings are. These animals become ill or die if their body temperature changes very much.

Cold Blooded☼ Almost all animals are cold-

blooded. The temperature of their blood and body changes when their surroundings become warmer or colder.

• Vertebrates have a backbone and invertebrates do not. Without a backbone, a vertebrate’s body would collapse! The largest animals in the world are vertebrates.

• Insects have three pairs of legs and a bodysegmented into the head, abdomen, and thorax and usually having

two pairs of wings.• Aquatic animals have to do with the water.• Terrestrial animals have to do with land.• Microscopic creatures are too small to be seen by the unaided eye

but large enough to be studies under a microscope.• Decomposers are animals that feeds on or breaks down dead

plant or animal matter. Frogs and other amphibians are vertebrates.

Insects Arachnids Mollusks:Octopus, squid, jellyfish,

clams, oysters, snails, and slugs.

Crustaceans MyriapodsCentipedes and millipedes

MammalsCharacteristics of Mammals:

• 1. Warm-blooded, meaning they make their own heat.• 2. Have hair on their bodies.• 3. Breathe with lungs.• 4. Baby mammals need care and feeding—adult mammals take• care of their young.• 5. Female mammals produce milk for their young.• 6. Most mammals live on land, although some live in the water.• Whales and dolphins are mammals because they breathe with• lungs.• 7. Unique mammals:• --Marsupials: kangaroo, wombat have a pouch to carry their• young.• --Duckbill platypus and echidna are the only mammals that lay

eggs instead of live birth.

1. Hatch from eggs~ left to take care of themselves. They are “mini-adults.”

2. Cold-blooded~receive heat from outside (sun or ground).3. Dry, thick, scaly skin4. Shed or molt their skin several times a year. New skin

grows under the old and loosens it.5. Vertebrate~with a backbone6. Great vision~active at night, pupils like slits to see better at

night. No eyelids.7. Go weeks without food!8. Many colors~most often green or brown.9. Found all over the world~ often tropical or warm areas.10. Shape~ most long, thin with pointy snout and long tail.11. Turtles~ the only reptile with a shell!

• There are 4 animals classified as reptiles: lizards & snakes, turtles, crocodilians, and tuatara.

• Some hatch from eggs and are left to take care of themselves.

• Some give live birth and are left to take care of themselves.

• Skin types: most have scales. Sharks and rays have a thick, non-scaly layer of skin.

• Vertebrate~ have a backbone.• No eyelids• Ectothermic~get heat from outside their bodies• Can live in fresh or salt water• Found all over the world• Come in all shapes and sizes• Have fins and a back tail to maneuver through water• Have gills to breathe

Fish…

There are three main types of fish…

• Bony• Sharks and rays• Jawless fish

• Hatch from jelly-covered eggs in water• Go through metamorphosis and live part of their

lives in water with gills and part on land• Amphibians are vertebrates with backbones.• Have soft, wet, slimy skin with glands to keep it

moist so it doesn’t dry out• Use lungs to breathe but also breathe through

their skin• Colors~some are bland and some are bright to

warn predators that they are poisonous• Ectothermic animals~get heat from outside the

body• Live all over the world near the water

Amphibians

Amphibians…

• Frog• Toad• Newt

Warm-bloodedMost can fly Feathers~

body temperature, protection of body, attraction of mates, identification of species, molting

Down- soft, fine feathersBones~ feathers alone do not permit birds to fly. Birds have extremely lightweight, hollow bones that aid in their flight.Hard-shelled eggs Most build nestsCare for their young

Birds…

What’s the Big Idea?

• Animals are classified according to different characteristics, looking at what they have in common.