MALE AND FEMALE STERILIZATION

PROCEDURESMegan O’Brien, Sam Godeen, and Angelia Blair

HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=QXM8XQNLZ7O

MALE STERILIZATION

VasectomyPermanent birth control Vas deferens closed/blocked to prevent sperm from leaving man’s body

Most effective type for menReversible, but not always effective2 Types:Incision MethodNo-incision Method

INCISION METHOD Make incision on side of scrotum to reach vas deferens

NO-INCISION METHOD “No Scalpel Method”

Scrotum not cut; puncture made instead

SOCIAL, POLITICAL, ETHICAL ISSUES Cancer Reversal

FEMALE STERILIZATION

Permanent birth controlPrevents egg movement to uterus and sperm movement to egg

Sometimes reversible, others notCan decrease risk of ovarian cancerDoes not affect menstrual cycle

2 Types:Surgical MethodNon-Surgical Method

SURGICAL METHOD Tubal Ligation Fallopian tubes cut/blocked through incisions in abdomen

NON-SURGICAL METHOD Device put into each fallopian tube

Inserted through vagina

Scar tissue forms around device, blocking tubes

Takes 3 months to be completely blocked

SOCIAL, POLITICAL, ETHICAL ISSUES Regret

Ectopic pregnancies

Doctor deception

Misinformation

Population Control

FEMALE STERILIZATION

Hysterectomy3 TypesSubtotal TotalRadical

SUBTOTAL HYSTERECTOMY

Only upper part removed Cervix in place

TOTAL HYSTERECTOMY Removal of whole uterus and cervix

RADICAL HYSTERECTOMY Whole uterus, tissues surrounding, cervix, and top part of vagina removed

SOCIAL, POLITICAL, ETHICAL ISSUES Patient protection

Are you still a woman?

SOURCES

Male Sterilization: http://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/vasectomy http://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/07/17/a-vasectomy-may-increase-prostate-cancer-risk/?_r=0

Female Sterilization: https://www.uic.edu/orgs/cwluherstory/CWLUArchive/cesa.html http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3269980/ http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/tubal-ligation/basics/definition/prc-20020231

http://sfonline.barnard.edu/reprotech/lopez_05.htm http://jme.bmj.com/content/early/2014/07/09/medethics-2013-101827.full http://www.ourbodiesourselves.org/health-info/forced-sterilization/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23212398 https://nwhn.org/hysterectomy