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Making green energy happen:Policy & Priorities

Cogeneration in Greenhouses The Dutch experience

Dick KrampMarketing Program Manager

GE Energy Jenbacher gas engines

April 2009

GE Jenbacher gas engines

3 /Green Energy summit

April 2009

Jenbacher gas enginesA leading manufacturer of gas-fueled

reciprocating engines for power generation

• Power range: 0.25MW to 4MW,4 platforms / 10 products

• Fuel flexibility: Natural gas or a variety of renewable or alternative gases

• Plant configurations: Generator sets, cogeneration systems, container solutions

• Delivered engines: about 8,000 units / 9,000 MW

• Business: World wide operations


April 2009

Core applications

Cogeneration

Trigeneration CO2 fertilization


April 2009

Core applications for biogas and special gases

Biogas

Coal mine gasIndustrial

waste gases

Landfill gas


April 2009

Jenbacher Center of Excellence forGreenhouse applications


April 2009

COE for greenhouse applications

The GE Jenbacher know-how center for our standardized world wide applicable greenhouse concept.


April 2009

The greenhouse concept

Heat CO2Electricity


April 2009

The GE Jenbacher standardized GH concept

800 GH projects installed in NLD + BEL

Representing 1,5 GW el


April 2009

What makes CHP in greenhouses so attractive ?

Exhaust gas of gas engine– produces CO2 , heat and electricity

– separated product CO2, heat and electricity– cleaned CO2 (NOx, CO, C2H4..)

50 % Less heat compared to boiler


April 2009

CO2 boiler vs. CO2 CHP

Fuel input 100kW

Boiler η= 95%

Cogeneration Plantηel = 44% ηth = 50%

heat

electric

50 kWt

44 kWe

95 kWtheat

≈ 18 kg CO2

≈ 18 kg CO2

Fuel input 100kW

CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O


April 2009

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Boiler house

Concentration СО2 when using

Boiler houseConcentration СО2 when using

gas enginesConcentration СО2 when using

gas engines

Influence of CO2 vs. crop production

130


April 2009

Power plant for greenhouse applications


April 2009

History of CHP greenhouse application in the Netherlands


April 2009


1987 First CHP for own electricity demand for grow lights

• Island operation• Improvement of flower production• Improvement of quality


April 2009


1993 First CHP equipped with CO2 fertilizer (SCR)• CO2 for increasing crop productivity with less heat production.• Reduction NOx in flue gas.


April 2009

All kind of plants need CO2:

– Vegetables like tomatoes, cucumber, paprika ...– Flowers like roses, chrysanthemum ...

CO2- Fertilization


April 2009


2001 Liberalization of electricity market.• Liberalization of the electricity market for small scale power plant.• Establishment of trading platform (spot market) for electricity APX• Growers became electricity suppliers to the grid.• Introduction of grow lights on vegetable crops

– Year round production


April 2009

Installed Base Greenhouses NetherlandsSource; Cogen Projects

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Opgesteld W

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vermogen januari [M

We]

Tuinders eigen beheerEnergiebedrijven bij tuinders

Total electricity production 22 GW

Cogeneration in greenhouses represent 10 – 15 %


April 2009

Dutch Greenhouse key facts 2007

Horticultural area under glass 10.313 HaArea’s suitable for CHP 7.000 HaGreenhouses with CHP 79 %Total power production YTD 2,75 GWeCHP Growth potential in next 4 years 750 MWeUp scaling vegetable greenhouses up to 100 HaDimension of CHP per Ha +/- 500 kWe (trend upwards)Electricity market Liberated

Short- &Long term contracts, unbalance

Grid connections RegulatedGas market Liberated

Gasterra, / TTF

Incentives No energy tax on NG


April 2009

Royal Pride AgriPort A7 Wieringermeer

• Greenhouse area 3 x 14,6 Ha• 2 Energy plants

Energy plant 1• Boiler 11.630 kWth• CHP 6 x 3 MWe• Buffer 5000 m3

Energy plant 2• Boiler 11.630 kWth• CHP 3 x 3 MWe

2 x 4 MWe• Buffer 5000 m3

Project Highlights


April 2009

Optimal energy balance due to:

The combination of CHP with:

• Co2 fertilizing;

• Heat storage ;

• Purchasing and selling of electricity and natural gas.

• Intelligent Energy management system

Reduction of Energy costs per m2 of +/- 30 %


April 2009

J624 engines at Royal Pride Holland …

• Avoid primary energy input equivalent to the energy contained in over 64,000 barrels of oil

• Emit 14% less CO2 than would be emitted in the separate production of heat and electricity

Values are based on performance of two natural gas fired J624 CHP units, operating 8000OH/year, compared to separate production of heat by a gas boiler and the delivery of electricity on the European grid.


April 2009

In one year of running at full capacity, the Royal Pride Holland J624s avoid the emission of over 4,800 metric tons of CO2 …

This equals to 2,400 cars on European roads or The amount of CO2 absorbed annually by more than 1,200 hectares of UK forest (= over 1,600 FIFA soccer fields)

Values are based on performance of two natural gas fired J624 CHP units, operating 8000OH/year, compared to separate production of heat by a gas boiler and the delivery of electricity on the European grid.


April 2009

Application benefits• Year round system efficiency will typically be at 90%.

• Implementing CHP in the greenhouse industry facilitates generation where the thermal loads are, which maximizes energy efficiency.

• CO2 captured during power production can be utilized in the greenhouse where plants absorb CO2 for production increase.

• Thermal energy produced during power production can be stored in existing thermal storage tanks and be utilized at other times of the day. Optimal flexibility.

• Project construction typically takes less than 12 months from date of go ahead.


April 2009

• Wind / Solar

• Biogas / Wood gas

Pilot projects with CO2 fertilizing

• Bio fuels

• Closed greenhouses

Combination of CHP with renewable technologies

CHP Power plants are dispatchable and can be optimized in an environment that maximizes renewables utilization


April 2009

Global Greenhouse development

Worldwide – GH Locations

Greenhouse activity all around the globe due to:

• Food & Water • Energy shortage / savings• Competition• Independency of foreign imports• Increase of quality & production. • Decrease of pesticide usage• Availability of surface• Employment

The demand for flexible power will grow.

Energy trading will become important toreduce production costs.

Greenports will be located close to the consumers.“ Local for Local”

From open bulk production to high tech hydroponics


April 2009

Becoming energy producers has allowedthe Dutch greenhouse industry to fend off foreigncompetition.


April 2009

Becoming Quality food and energy suppliers will allow the Ontario greenhouse industry to take the lead in North-America and fend off competition from the Southern US and South-America.

Ontario Potential for high efficiency CHP with CO2 capture and utilization is ~500 MW.


April 2009

Project Details

Canada

• CHP system provides power, heat and CO2

• Was offered in response to CHP RFP 1

• Electrical Output: 12 MW

• Thermal Output: 49.2 Mbtu

• System Efficiency: 93%

• In Service Date: 2008

• Owner: Soave Hydroponics


April 2009

Russia

• Podosinki 6 MWe Dmitrov• LLC greenhouse 4 MWe Krasnodar • Chekov 3 MWe Kireevsk• Yug Agro 6 MWe Krasnodar

Project Highlights


April 2009

UK

Project Highlights

• Red Star 6 MWe Thanet Earth•Rainbow 5 MWe Thanet Earth•A&A 3 MWe Thanet Earth

Government is setting up green ports. Green miles. Indicates the CO2 emission > transportation


April 2009

What happens when market prices drive energy decisions instead of policies:

One of more than 15 greenhouses that recently switched from natural gas to coal fired boilers


April 2009

Thank you for your attention

Dick Kramp

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