Skeletal Muscles in the Body

University of Georgia Public health and health science

Dentistry faculty By :abdullah saad

An introduction :• Skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles that move your

bones. You have control over them, unlike smooth muscle that works on organs or the cardiac muscle of your heart, both of which work without you having to think about them. Skeletal muscle is also called striated muscle because it has a striped appearance. There are several groups of skeletal muscles that move your legs, arm, trunk, neck and face.• Skeletal muscles have transverse striations and are under

conscious or voluntary control by the somatic nervous system.

What Are the Functions of Skeletal Muscles?• Skeletal muscles are used for locomotion to allow the body

movement and also to make a person to be able to be flexible. The skeletal muscles aid in walking, nodding and also produce movement. They also maintain posture, stabilise joints as well as generate heat.• The functions of skeletal muscle include force production for

locomotion and breathing, and force production for postural support. These muscles also help in heat production during cold stress. The human body contains about 400 skeletal muscles, which is approximately 40-50% of total body weight.

Major Muscles of the Lower Limbs:• Several major skeletal muscles move your

pelvis, femur (thigh bone), tibia and fibula (lower leg bones), and the bones of the foot and ankle. The gluteus maximus forms your buttocks and straightens your hips when you stand. The iliopsoas bends your hips. Quadriceps muscles straighten your knee, and the hamstrings bend your knee. Calf muscles called soleus and gastrocnemius lift your heel off the floor, and tibialis anterior moves your foot up and back toward your leg. extensor and flexor muscles moSmaller ve your toes.

Major Muscles of the Upper Limbs• The major muscles of the upper limbs

move your humerus (upper arm bone), radius and ulna (lower arm bones) and the bones of the wrist and hand. Deltoid muscles form the caps of your shoulders and move your upper arm in several directions. Triceps brachii forms the back of your upper arm and straightens your elbow. Your biceps brachii forms the front of your upper arm and bends your elbow. Wrist flexors and extensors bend and straighten your wrist, and many small muscles move your hand and finger bones.

Major Muscles of the Trunk:• Major muscles of the trunk include

the abdominal, back and chest muscles. Rectus abdominus forms the "six pack" of your abdomen and bends your trunk at the waist. The obliques form the sides of your abdomen and twist your trunk. Trapezius, rhomboids and latisimus dorsi form your upper back and help move your shoulders. The pectoral muscles shape your chest and help move your upper arms. Erector spinae muscles straighten your back.

Major Muscles of the Neck and Face• The scalenes and

sternocleidomastoids turn and bend your neck forward. Capitis and cervicis muscle groups bend your neck backward. Facial muscles include the muscles of expression that surround your mouth, eyes and nose. The orbicularis oris muscle surrounds your mouth and the buccinator tightens your cheek when you smile. The orbicularis oculi surround the eyes and close your eyelids.

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