MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS IN THE HUMAN BODY

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, & SOCIETY CLASS

MR. CANOVA

PERIOD 11

THE 11 MAJOR ORGAN SYSTEMS OF THE HUMAN BODY:

Circulatory Digestive Endocrine Excretory Immune Integumentary

Muscular Nervous Reproductive Respiratory Skeletal

1) Circulatory System

Major Structures:

Heart, Blood vessels, Blood (cardiovascular), lymph nodes and vessels, lymph (lymphatic)

Functions:

Transports nutrients, wastes, hormones, and gases

2) Digestive System

Major Structures:

Mouth, Throat, Esophagus, Stomach, Liver, Pancreas, Small intestine, Large intestine

Functions:

Extracts and absorbs nutrients from food; removes wastes; maintains water and chemical balances

3) Endocrine System

Major Structures:

Hypothalamus, pituitary, pancreas

Functions:

Regulates body temperature, metabolism, development, and reproduction; maintains homeostasis; regulates other organ systems

4) Excretory System

Major Structures:

Kidneys, urinary bladder, ureters, urethra, skin, lungs

Functions:

Removes wastes from blood; regulates concentration of body fluids

5) Immune System

Major Structures:

White blood cells, lymph nodes and vessels, skin

Functions:

Defends against pathogens and disease

6) Integumentary System

Major Structures:

Skin, nails, hair

Functions:

Protects against injury, infection, and fluid loss; helps regulate body temperature

7) Muscular System

Major Structures:

Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle tissues

Functions:

Moves limb and trunk; moves substances through body; provides structure and support

8) Nervous System

Major Structures:

Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sense organs

Functions:

Regulates behavior, maintains homeostasis; regulates other organ systems; controls sensory and motor functions

9) Reproductive System

Major Structures:

Testes, penis (males), ovaries, uterus, breasts (females)

Functions:

Produces gametes and offspring

10) Respiratory System

Major Structures:

Lungs, nose, mouth, trachea

Functions:

Moves air into and out of the lungs; controls gas exchange between blood and lungs

11) Skeletal System

Major Structures:

Bones and joints

Functions:

Protects and supports the body and organs; interactions with skeletal muscles; produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

* We’ll be taking a look at how all the systems must work together as one unit for the human body to function properly.* In health class, you’ll be taking a look at the problems that can arise in each of the organ systems.