History of MNREGA

MNREGA was set up on Feb 2, 2006 from district Anantapur

in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India and 200 real "poorest"

zones of the nation. The Act was applied in phased way –

130 zones were included in the year of 2007–08. With its

propagate over 625 zones across the nation, the leading

program of the UPA Govt has the prospective to increase the

buying power of non-urban inadequate, decrease problems

migration and to make useful resources in non-urban Indian.

Expanding earning sources

Strengthening pure natural

resources under control via works

that deal with causes of serious

hardship like famine,

deforestation and ground break

down and so motivate

maintainable growth.

Strengthening grassroots procedures of democracy

Infusing visibility and responsibility in government

Strengthening high decentralization as well as

deepening procedures of democracy by providing a

critical part to the local Panchayati Raj, Organizations

in planning, tracking and execution.

SALIENT FEATURES OF THE ACT2.1. Registration

(a) Adult members of a rural household willing to do unskilled manual work,may apply for registration either in

writing, or orally to the local Gram Panchayat (GP).

(b) The unit for registration is a household.

(c) Under the Act, each household is entitled to a 100 days of employment every year.

2.2. Job Card

(a) After due verification of place of residence and age of the member/s (only adult members are eligible for

employment), the registered household is issued a Job Card (JC).

(b) A JC is to be issued within 15 days of registration. Job Card forms the basis of identification for demanding

employment.

2.3. Application for Work

(a) A written application seeking work is to be made to the GP or Block Office, stating the time and duration for

which work is sought.

(b) The GP will issue a dated receipt of the written application for employment, against which the guarantee of

providing employment within 15 days operates.

2.4. Unemployment allowance: In case employment is not provided within 15

days, the state (as per the Act) will pay an unemployment allowance to the

beneficiary.

SALIENT FEATURES OF THE ACT2.5. Provision and Execution of Work

(a) Work is provided within 5 kilometres (kms) radius of the village

(b) In case, work is provided beyond 5 kms, extra wages of 10 per cent are payable to meet additional

transportation and living expenses.

(c) Priority is awarded to women, such that at least one-third of the beneficiaries under the Scheme are women.

(d) At least 50 per cent of works, in terms of cost, are to be executed by the GPs.

(e) The cost of material component of projects including the wages of the skilled and semi-skilled workers taken

up under the Scheme shall not exceed 40 percent of the total project costs.

(f) Contractors and use of labour displacing machinery are prohibited.

(g) Work site facilities such as crèche, drinking water, shade have to be provided.

2.6. Wages

(a) Wages are to be paid as per the State-wise Government of India (GoI) notified MGNREGA wages.

(b) Wages are also to be paid according to piece rate, as per the Schedule of Rates (SoRs).

(c) Payment of wages has to be done on a weekly basis and not beyond a fortnight in any case.

(d) Payment of wages is mandatorily done through bank/post office beneficiary accounts.

2.7. Planning

(a) Plans and decisions regarding the nature and choice of works to be undertake in a FY along with the order in

which each work is to be taken up, site selection, etc. are all to be made in the Gram Sabha (GS) and ratified by

the GP.

(b) The district’s shelf of works to provide employment are to be selected from the list of permissible works.

(c) The different categories of permissible works are as follows:

i. Water Conservation and water harvesting including contour trenches, contour bunds,boulder checks, gabion

structures, underground dykes, earthen dams, stop dams and springshed development;

ii. Drought Proofing including plantation and afforestation;

iii. Irrigation canals including micro and minor irrigation works;

iv. Provision of irrigation facility, dug out farm pond, horticulture, plantation, farm bunding and land development;

v. Renovation of traditional water bodies including desilting of tanks;

vi. Land Development;

vii. Flood control and protection works including drainage in water logged areas including deepening and repairing

of flood channels, chaur renovation, construction of storm water drains for coastal protection;

viii. Rural connectivity to provide all weather access, including culverts and roads within a village, wherever

necessary;

ix. Construction of Bharat Nirman Rajiv Gandhi Sewa Kendra as Knowledge Resource Centre at the Block level

and as Gram Panchayat Bhawan at the Gram Panchayat level;

x. Agriculture related works, such as, NADEP composting, vermi-composting, liquid biomanures;

SALIENT FEATURES OF THE ACT

xi. Livestock related works, such as, poultry shelter, goat shelter, construction of pucca floor, urine tank and fodder

trough for cattle, azolla as cattle-feed supplement;

xii. Fisheries related works, such as, fisheries in seasonal water bodies on public land;

xiii. Works in coastal areas, such as, fish drying yards, belt vegetation;

xiv. Rural drinking water related works, such as, soak pits, recharge pits;

xv. Rural sanitation related works, such as, individual household latrines, school toilet units, anganwadi toilets,

solid and liquid waste management;

xv(a) Construction of anganwadi centres.

xv(b) Construction of play fields.

xvi. Any other work which may be notified by the Central Government in consultation with the State Government.

SALIENT FEATURES OF THE ACT

3. Funding

3.1 The Central Government bears the costs on the following items:

• The entire cost of wages of unskilled manual workers.

• 75% of the cost of material, wages of skilled and semi-skilled workers.

• Administrative expenses as may be determined by the Central Government, which will include,

inter alia, the salary and the allowances of the Programme Officer and his supporting staff and work site facilities.

• Expenses of the Central Employment Guarantee Council.

The State Government bears the costs on the following items:

• 25% of the cost of material, wages of skilled and semi-skilled workers.

Unemployment allowance payable in case the State Government cannot provide wage employment on time.

• Administrative expenses of the State Employment Guarantee Council.

3.2. State Employment Guarantee Fund (SEGF)

The Ministry has stressed on the formation of State Employment Guarantee Funds (SEGF). Eighteen States have

constituted SEGF and have dedicated account for Mahatma Gandhi NREGA.

In remaining States where SEGF has not been constituted, each District has a dedicated account for Mahatma

Gandhi NREGA funds. Proposals are submitted based on clearly delineated guidelines so that funds may be

distributed efficiently at each level, and adequate funds may be available to respond to demand. Under Mahatma

Gandhi NREGA, fund releases are based on an appraisal of both financial and physical indicators of outcomes.

SALIENT FEATURES OF THE ACT

236155

FY 2014-2015 FY 2013-2014 FY 2012-2013 FY 2011-2012

645 644 636 635

6601 6576 6568 6378

247643 247643 247643 247643

778134 778134 778134 778133

13.1 14 13.2 12.6

29 31.1 29.3 27.8

84787 34387 26190 25389

73.2 79.3 79.1 53.2

76.1 102.7 104.6 80.8

Wages(Rs. In Cr.) 8063.6 23289.4 27152.8 24306.2

Material and skilled Wages(Rs. In Cr.) 2298.7 8261.9 10430 10650.5

GP Level 20.3 226 307.6 301.8

Block Level 267.1 1335 1330.1 1191.7

District Level 106.7 594.5 482 514.4

State Level 59.32 200.961 32.936 108.055

Total Adm Expenditure 453.5 2356.4 2152.7 2116

Total Exp(Rs. in Cr.) 10815.7 33907.7 39735.4 37072.7

Labour Vs Material(%) 77.8 73.8 72.2 69.5

Admin Exp(%) 4.2 6.9 5.4 5.7

Households 223.1 484.9 498.9 506.4

Individuals 327.6 746.5 797.3 820

Men 148.3 387.7 422.1 446.6

Women 179.3 358.9 375.3 373.3

SCs 73.7 169.6 181.7 185

STs 60.2 131.7 142.9 147.4

Persons with Disability 2.6 4.9 4.6 4

Total as per LB 227 258.6 278.7 199.6

Persondays Generated so far 56.7 220.7 230.5 218.8

% of Total LB 25 85.4 82.7 109.6

% as per Proportionate LB 61

SC persondays 12.5 49.8 51.2 48.5

ST persondays 10 38.2 41 40.9

133.2 132.6 121.4 114.5

25.4 45.5 46.2 43.2

2.1 46.5 51.7 41.7

33.9 43.1 63 57.8

49.7 30 0.9 0% of payments Disbursed through EFMS

Performance since inception:    Persondays Generated (In Cr.): 1717.75    Total expenditure(Rs.In Cr.): 250744.35

Today 6809902 workers are expected on 275707 worksites (as per e-MustRoll)

Mahatma Gandhi NREGA at a Glance

Wage Employment Provided(in lakhs)

Person days(In Cr)

Average Wage rate per day per person

Average days of employment provided per Household

Total No of HHs completed 100 Days of Wage Employment(In Lakhs)

% payments gererated within 15 days

Total No. of Workers in Job Card(In Cr)

Number of GPs with NIL exp

Number of Ongoing Works(In Lakhs)

Total No. of Works Takenup (New+Spill Over)(In lakhs)

Total Exp(In Cr)

Adm Exp:

Total no of Districts

Total No. of Blocks

Total No. of GPs

Total no of Villages

Total No. of HH Registered(In Cr)

PANCHAYATI RAJ OR COLLECTOR RAJ

Universally recognized that for ensuring peoples participation in governance

and holistic development, the best instrumentality is local government.

Mahatma Gandhi was the strongest advocate of Panchayats.

73 Constitution Amendment Bill 1992 enshrine the essential features of

panchayats in the constitution.

20 years after we are nowhere.

Jawaharlal Nehru coined this term, Panchayati Raj. 1957 to 1964, he fought to

establish it but after his death ministry for Panchayati Raj and cooperation

was abolished in 1966 at one stroke, without even a whimper of protest.

PDS or Direct Cash Transfers