magnon transport both in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic … · 2020. 1. 28. · on magnonic...
TRANSCRIPT
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University of Basel
Magnon Transport Both in Ferromagnetic and Antiferromagnetic Insulating Magnets
Kouki Nakata
KN, S. K. Kim (UCLA), J. Klinovaja, D. Loss (2017) arXiv:1707.07427
See also review article [KN, Simon (Paris) & Loss, J. Phys. D (2017)] with [KN, JK & DL, PRB (2017)] on magnonic ``quantum’’ Hall effect and Wiedemann-Franz law in a topological ferromagnet
@Mainz 31 (Monday) July 2017: 35 +10 min (14:00-)
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Magnonic Topological Insulator in Antiferromagnet
See also review article [KN, Simon (Paris) & Loss, J. Phys. D (2017)] with [KN, JK & DL, PRB (2017)] on magnonic ``quantum’’ Hall effect and Wiedemann-Franz law in a topological ferromagnet
@Mainz 31 (Monday) July 2017: 35 +10 min (14:00-)
University of Basel
Kouki Nakata
KN, S. K. Kim (UCLA), J. Klinovaja, D. Loss (2017) arXiv:1707.07427
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Magnonic Topological insulator:
GOAL
Topological insulator Kane & Mele, PRL (2005, 2005). Bernevig & Zhang, PRL (2006).
KN, Kim, Klinovaja & Loss (2017). arXiv:1707.07427
A bosonic analog
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BASIC IDEA
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FM:
AF:
𝜎𝑔𝜇B : Up- (𝜎 = 1; ↑) & down- (𝜎 = −1; ↓) magnons Direction of cyclotron motion; opposite
AF = Independent copies of FM Anderson, Phys. Rev. (1952) Kubo, Phys. Rev. (1952)
𝜇B
𝜇B -𝜇B
Antiferromagnet (AF): Ne el Order
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Chiral edge Chiral edge
Up-magnon: 𝜎 = 1; ↑ Down-magnon: 𝜎 = −1; ↓
AF = Independent copies of FM Anderson, Phys. Rev. (1952) Kubo, Phys. Rev. (1952)
𝜎𝑔𝜇B : Up- (𝜎 = 1; ↑) & down- (𝜎 = −1; ↓) magnons Direction of cyclotron motion; opposite
Antiferromagnet (AF): Ne el Order
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(Single layer) AF: Helical edge magnon
AF = Independent copies of FM Anderson, Phys. Rev. (1952) Kubo, Phys. Rev. (1952)
𝜎𝑔𝜇B : Up- (𝜎 = 1; ↑) & down- (𝜎 = −1; ↓) magnons Direction of cyclotron motion; opposite
Antiferromagnet (AF): Ne el Order
NOTE: Single layer AF
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AF = Independent copies of FM Anderson, Phys. Rev. (1952) Kubo, Phys. Rev. (1952)
Q. How to realize such a cyclotron motion of each magnon ? A. Aharonov-Casher (AC) effect on magnons in electric field
𝜎𝑔𝜇B : Up- (𝜎 = 1; ↑) & down- (𝜎 = −1; ↓) magnons Direction of cyclotron motion; opposite
Antiferromagnet (AF): Ne el Order
(Single layer) AF: Helical edge magnon
NOTE: Single layer AF
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Bulk; cancel out
``Quantum’’ Hall effect of magnon in ferromagnet (FM): Chiral edge by AC effect
Ch
iral edge
Chiral edge
Ch
iral
ed
ge
KN, Klinovaja, Loss, PRB (2017).
Electrically-induced Aharonov-Casher effect
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Bulk; cancel out
``Quantum’’ spin Hall effect of magnons in AF (single layer): Helical edge by AC effect
Helical edge
Helical edge
KN, Kim, Klinovaja, Loss (2017).
Electrically-induced Aharonov-Casher effect
= Magnonic topological insulator (TI)
NOTE: Single layer AF
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To share the ``qualitative’’ understanding of such mechanism in topological AFs:
PURPOSE OF TALK
1) Helical edge magnon state
2) Topological invariant: Topological Hall effect of bulk magnons (e.g., spin, thermal, Nernst & Ettinghausen effects)
3) Bosonic Wiedemann-Franz (WF) law: Universal thermomagnetic properties
Magnonic topological insulator (TI) in AF
See [KN, Kim, Klinovaja, Loss, arXiv:1707.07427] for details
Q. How to realize such a 2-dim (single layer) topological AF ??? A. Aharonov-Casher effect on magnons in electric field
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OUTLINE OF TALK
I. Topological FM
II. Topological AF
Helical edge
Chiral edge
KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)
KN, Kim, Klinovaja & Loss (2017)
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Let’s start !!
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Magnon Carries 𝜇B & 𝑘B
≤ ≪
Magnon 𝜇B 𝑘B
Low-energy collective excitation in insulating FM & AF
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QUESTION Q. Can magnon 𝜇B (boson) transport be similar to electron 𝑒 (fermion) transport ?
Yes !! KN, Simon & Loss, J. Phys. D (2017): Review article
Electron 𝑒 Fermion
Magnon 𝜇B Boson
Wiedemann-Franz (WF) law Franz & Wiedemann, Annalen der Physik (1853)
Magnonic Wiedemann-Franz law KN, Simon & Loss, PRB (2015)
Josephson effect Josephson, Phys. Lett. (1962)
Magnonic Josephson effect KN, Hoogdalem, Simon & Loss, PRB (2014) KN, Simon & Loss, PRB (2015)
Integer quantum Hall effect (IQHE) Klitzing et al., PRL (1980) TKNN, PRL (1982) / Kohmoto, Ann. Phys. (1985)
Magnonic ``quantum’’ Hall effect: Chiral edge KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)
Topological ferromagnet (FM)
Topological insulator (TI) Kane & Mele, PRL (2005, 2005). Bernevig & Zhang, PRL (2006).
Quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE)
Magnonic topological insulator: Helical edge KN, Kim, Klinovaja & Loss (2017) arXiv:1707.07427
Topological antiferromagnet (AF): Magnonic quantum spin Hall effect
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Electron 𝑒 Fermion
Magnon 𝜇B Boson
Wiedemann-Franz (WF) law Franz & Wiedemann, Annalen der Physik (1853)
Magnonic Wiedemann-Franz law KN, Simon & Loss, PRB (2015)
Josephson effect Josephson, Phys. Lett. (1962)
Magnonic Josephson effect KN, Hoogdalem, Simon & Loss, PRB (2014) KN, Simon & Loss, PRB (2015)
Integer quantum Hall effect (IQHE) Klitzing et al., PRL (1980) TKNN, PRL (1982) / Kohmoto, Ann. Phys. (1985)
Magnonic ``quantum’’ Hall effect: Chiral edge KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)
Topological ferromagnet (FM)
ℤ2-topological insulator (TI) Kane & Mele, PRL (2005, 2005). Bernevig & Zhang, PRL (2006).
Quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE)
Magnonic topological insulator: Helical edge KN, Kim, Klinovaja & Loss (2017) arXiv:1707.07427
Topological antiferromagnet (AF): Magnonic quantum spin Hall effect
Aharonov-Casher (AC) phase: Aharonov & Casher, PRL (1984)
Observation for magnons: Zhang et al. (Yale), PRL (2014) Electric-field coupling to magnons
Yes !! KN, Simon & Loss, J. Phys. D (2017): Review article
QUESTION Q. Can magnon 𝜇B (boson) transport be similar to electron 𝑒 (fermion) transport ?
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Electron 𝑒 Fermion
Magnon 𝜇B Boson
Wiedemann-Franz (WF) law Franz & Wiedemann, Annalen der Physik (1853)
Magnonic Wiedemann-Franz law KN, Simon & Loss, PRB (2015)
Josephson effect Josephson, Phys. Lett. (1962)
Magnonic Josephson effect KN, Hoogdalem, Simon & Loss, PRB (2014) KN, Simon & Loss, PRB (2015)
Integer quantum Hall effect (IQHE) Klitzing et al., PRL (1980) TKNN, PRL (1982) / Kohmoto, Ann. Phys. (1985)
Magnonic ``quantum’’ Hall effect: Chiral edge KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)
Topological ferromagnet (FM)
ℤ2-topological insulator (TI) Kane & Mele, PRL (2005, 2005). Bernevig & Zhang, PRL (2006).
Quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE)
Magnonic topological insulator: Helical edge KN, Kim, Klinovaja & Loss (2017) arXiv:1707.07427
Topological antiferromagnet (AF): Magnonic quantum spin Hall effect
FM
AF
Yes !! KN, Simon & Loss, J. Phys. D (2017): Review article
QUESTION Q. Can magnon 𝜇B (boson) transport be similar to electron 𝑒 (fermion) transport ?
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KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)
Topological FM
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Meier & Loss, PRL (2003)
Magnonic ``quantum’’ Hall effect in topological FM: Chiral edge
KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)
Magnonic classical Hall effect in Aharonov-Casher phase: No topological edge
TKNN, PRL (1982) Kohmoto, Ann. Phys. (1985)
Topological invariant: Chern (TKNN) integer
STRATEGY
Magnonic ``quantum’’ spin Hall effect in topological AF: Helical edge
KN, Kim, Klinovaja & Loss (2017)
ℤ2 topological number Hasan & Kane, RMP (2010) etc.
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Geometric Phases
(Electrically) charged particle:
Magnetic vector potential 𝑨
Magnon = Magnetic dipole:
Aharonov-Bohm (AB) phase Aharonov-Casher (AC) phase
Electric vector potential:
Mignani, J. Phys. A (1991). Meier & Loss, PRL (2003).
Aharonov & Bohm, Phys. Rev. (1959) Aharonov & Casher, PRL (1984)
𝜵 × 𝑨 = 𝑩
Electric field coupling with magnons:
Hoogdalem et al., PRB (2013) [Katsura et al., PRL (2005)]: DM int. An analogue of artificial gauge field AC effect
Magnetic field coupling with electrons:
Observation of AC effect on magnons: Zhang et al. (Yale), PRL (2014) Electric-field coupling to magnons
𝜃AC =𝑔𝜇Bℏ𝑐2
𝑑𝒍 ∙ 𝑬 × 𝒆𝒛 =𝑔𝜇Bℏ𝑐 𝑑𝒍 ∙ 𝑨m 𝜃A𝐵 =
𝑒
ℏ𝑐 𝑑𝒍 ∙ 𝑨
𝜇 = 𝑔𝜇B𝒆𝑧
𝑨m ≡ 𝑬 × 𝒆𝒛/𝑐
𝑒
𝜵 × 𝑨m = 𝜀𝒆𝑧/𝑐 for 𝐸 = 𝜀(−𝑥, 0,0)
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DM int. Vector potential analogous to 𝑨m
Landau gap: Δ𝐸𝑛 = 2.5 meV = 18 K
Within experimental reach: Nagaosa & Tokura, Nat. Nano. (2013)
Cf. Skyrmion lattice induced by DM int.
External electric field gradient 𝜀
Hoogdalem, Tserkovnyak & Loss, PRB (2013)
Average fictitious field (textured magnetization)
Landau energy level:
FM: Landau Level in AC Effect
KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)
Cyclotron motion:
𝑙𝜀
AC effect-induced topological FM:
𝜔c
KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)
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``Quantum’’ Hall effect of up-magnon in FM: Chiral edge by cyclotron motion
Electrically-induced AC effect:
𝜵 × 𝑨m = 𝜀𝒆𝑧/𝑐
↑: 𝑔𝜇B
KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)
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Bulk; cancel out
Ch
iral edge
Chiral edge
Ch
iral
ed
ge
Electrically-induced AC effect:
𝜵 × 𝑨m = 𝜀𝒆𝑧/𝑐
↑: 𝑔𝜇B
``Quantum’’ Hall effect of up-magnon in FM: Chiral edge by cyclotron motion KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)
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Electrically-induced AC effect:
𝜵 × 𝑨m = 𝜀𝒆𝑧/𝑐
Chiral Edge Magnon States: Topological FM
Chiral edge
Almost flat band
KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017). cf. Xu, Ohtsuki & Shindou, PRB (2016).
KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)
𝑨m ≡ 𝑬 × 𝒆𝒛/𝑐
𝜇B
𝐸0∗
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Magnonic WF law in `quantum’ Hall system:
Magnonic WF Law in Topological FM: Bulk
𝐸0∗
𝑘B𝑇
Magnonic WF law
NOTE: 𝐾𝑦𝑥 ≠ 𝐿22/𝑇 for boson 𝑦𝑥
Universal at low temperature (𝑘B𝑇 ≪ 𝐸0∗)
Counter-current by magnetization gradient
KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)
Chiral edge: Chern integer: 𝑦𝑥 𝐿𝑖𝑗 ∝ 𝑁0↑ in almost flat band Hall coefficients:
cf. Matsumoto & Murakami, PRL (2011)
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Quasi-equilibrium magnon-BEC Demokritov et al., Nature
Spin-wave spin current 2010 Kajiwara et al., Nature
Aharonov & Casher, PRL (1984) Aharonov-Casher effect on magnon 2014 Yale-group, PRL: Observation.
2006
Onose et al., Science Theory: Katsura et al., PRL (2010) Matsumoto & Murakami, PRL (2011) Shindou et al., PRB (`13): Chiral edge magnon mode
Magnon thermal Hall effect: Magnonic thermal conductivity
Spin-Seebeck effect 2008 Uchida et al. (`08, `10, `11), Nature. Theory: Adachi et al., PRB (2011)
Saitoh et al., APL Inverse spin-Hall effect
Snell's law for spin-waves
Magnon planar Hall effect
Magnonic spin Nernst effect in AF
Spin Seebeck effect in AF
Magnonic spin conductivity
Liu et al., PRB (2017).
Tanabe et al. APE (2014). Stigloher et al., PRL (2016).
Cornelissen et al., PRB (2016).
Seki et al., (2015). Theory: Ohnuma et al., PRB (2013)
Shiomi et al., arXiv:1706.03978.
2016
Observation of Magnonic Edge State & WF Law Within experimental reach
cf. Theory [Cheng et al., PRL (2016)] & [Zyuzin et al., PRL (2016)]
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Remark:
Thermal (Hall) Conductance for Boson
KN, Simon & Loss, PRB (2015) KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017) KN, Simon & Loss, J. Phys. D (2017): Review article
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Thermal Conductivity 𝐾 ≠ 𝐿22 for Magnons KN, Simon & Loss, PRB (2015)
WF law: Magnon = Boson
Textbook by Ashcroft & Mermin
WF law: Electron = Fermion
*
−
Magnon K Heat
Thermal Conductivity 𝐾 ≈ 𝐿22 for Fermions
−
Charge Heat
K
Textbook by Ashcroft & Mermin Eq. (13.56): K is measured under conditions of no quasi-particle current
𝐈m = 𝐿11𝜵𝐵 − 𝐿12𝜵𝑇 = 0 𝜵𝐵∗ =
𝐿12
𝐿11𝜵𝑇
!
𝐈𝑄 = 𝐿21𝜵𝐵∗ − 𝐿22𝜵𝑇 = −(𝐿22 − 𝐿21𝐿12/𝐿11)𝜵𝑇
Thermal conductivity 𝐾: 𝐈𝑄 ≡ −𝐾 ∙ 𝜵𝑇 with !
𝐈m = 0
K
Magnetization gradient:
Johnson & Silsbee (1987) Basso et al. (2016)
*Lifshitz & Pitaevskii (Vol. 10)
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Topological AF KN, Kim, Klinovaja, Loss (2017)
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Meier & Loss, PRL (2003)
Magnonic ``quantum’’ Hall effect in topological FM: Chiral edge
KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)
Magnonic classical Hall effect in Aharonov-Casher phase: No topological edge
TKNN, PRL (1982) Kohmoto, Ann. Phys. (1985)
Topological invariant: Chern (TKNN) integer
STRATEGY
Magnonic ``quantum’’ spin Hall effect in topological AF: Helical edge
KN, Kim, Klinovaja & Loss (2017)
ℤ2 topological number Hasan & Kane, RMP (2010) etc.
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AF = Independent copies of FM Anderson, Phys. Rev. (1952) Kubo, Phys. Rev. (1952)
FM:
AF:
𝜇B
𝜇B -𝜇B
𝜎𝑔𝜇B : Up- (𝜎 = 1; ↑) & down- (𝜎 = −1; ↓) magnons Direction of cyclotron motion; opposite
Antiferromagnet (AF): Ne el Order
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Electrically-induced AC effect:
𝜵 × 𝑨m = 𝜀𝒆𝑧/𝑐
(Single layer) AF: Helical edge magnon
AF = Independent copies of FM Anderson, Phys. Rev. (1952) Kubo, Phys. Rev. (1952)
𝜎𝑔𝜇B : Up- (𝜎 = 1; ↑) & down- (𝜎 = −1; ↓) magnons Direction of cyclotron motion; opposite
Antiferromagnet (AF): Ne el Order
NOTE: Single layer AF
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Helical Edge Magnon States: Topological AF KN, Kim, Klinovaja & Loss (2017) arXiv:1707.07427
Up-spin magnon (𝜎 = +1)
Down-spin magnon (𝜎 = −1)
Almost flat band: cf. KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)
𝜇B -𝜇B
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TKNN integer: Chiral edge
Magnonic TI: Helical edge
Magnonic TI: AF in AC effect
KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)
KN, Kim, Klinovaja & Loss (2017)
ℤ2 topological invariant:
Total Chern number:
Murakami, NJP (2007)
cf. An electronic TI by AB phase
FM
AF
𝜵 × 𝑨m = 𝜀𝒆𝑧/𝑐
Chiral edge:
Helical edge:
Up- & down-magnons 𝜎𝑔𝜇B along the opposite direction 𝑁0𝜎 = ±1 = 𝜎
𝜎 = ±1 =↑, ↓
Hasan & Kane, RMP (2010) etc.
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ℤ2 topological invariant:
Total Chern number:
Murakami, NJP (2007)
Helical edge:
cf. KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)
Spin:
Heat:
Ettinghausen
Nernst*: Ensured by ℤ2 invariant Spin
Heat
NOTE. AF magnon Nernst*: Report of observation in a AF [Shiomi, Takashima & Saitoh, arXiv:1706.03978].
cf. Theory [Cheng et al., PRL (2016)] & [Zyuzin et al., PRL (2016)]
AF KN, Kim, Klinovaja & Loss (2017) 𝜎 = ±1 =↑, ↓
Magnonic TI: Helical edge
cf. An electronic TI by AB phase
Magnonic TI: AF in AC effect
Hasan & Kane, RMP (2010) etc.
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LAST QUESTION
Is magnonic Wiedemann-Franz law satisfied in insulating AFs ?
``No’’ in topological AF (magnonic TI):
∵ AF = Independent copies of FM
: Topological invariant
``Yes’’ in non-topological AF:
FM: [KN, Simon & Loss, PRB (2015)] & [KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)]
WF law for bulk magnons AF: FM:
∝ ∝ ∵
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Magnonic Topological insulator:
GOAL
Topological insulator Kane & Mele, PRL (2005, 2005). Bernevig & Zhang, PRL (2006).
KN, Kim, Klinovaja & Loss (2017). arXiv:1707.07427
A bosonic analog
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SUMMARY
Spin:
Heat:
Ettinghausen
Nernst*: Ensured by ℤ2 invariant Spin
Heat
ℤ2 topological invariant:
Chern integer:
*Report of observation in a AF [Shiomi, Takashima & Saitoh, arXiv:1706.03978]
Magnonic WF law: KN, Simon & Loss, PRB (2015)
No, in topological AF. Yes, in trivial AF.
Magnonic Topological Insulator in Antiferromagnet: Helical edge magnon state in Aharonov-Casher effect KN (Basel), S. K. Kim (UCLA), J. Klinovaja, D. Loss. arXiv:1707.07427
KN, Kim, Klinovaja & Loss (2017)
Up-spin magnon (𝜎 = +1)
Down-spin magnon (𝜎 = −1)
Almost flat band: KN, Klinovaja & Loss, PRB (2017)
𝜇B -𝜇B
: 2-dim
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APPENDIX
NOTE: pptx-file for animation is available in the link: https://www.dropbox.com/s/9be58ryqrdhsyu5/AFmagnonicZ2TI_Animation_KoukiNakata.pptx?dl=0
All the responsibilities of this slide rest with Kouki Nakata (July 2017)
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Onsager Coefficients: Bulk Magnon Transport Topologically trivial AF Topological AF
Particle current: Particle Hall current:
Thermal conductivity:
Spin & thermal Hall conductances: WF law for bulk magnons:
AF: FM:
Hamiltonian: Hamiltonian:
i.e.,
KN, Kim, Klinovaja, Loss (2017)
𝐺𝜎 𝐺𝜎𝑦𝑥
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Cyclotron Motion Along the Opposite Direction
where and
Fig. 1 (b)
KN, Kim, Klinovaja, Loss (2017)
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Q. Helical edge magnon state: Still exist in `periodic’ electric vector potential 𝑨𝐦 ?
ANSWER: YES.
Saw-tooth shape
KN, S. K. Kim, J. Klinovaja, D. Loss (2017)
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Helical Edge Magnon States in Periodic potential 𝑨m KN, Kim, Klinovaja, Loss (2017)
𝑎𝑦
𝑈
𝑈
𝑈
𝑈
𝑈
𝑈 𝑈
𝑈
𝑈
𝑎𝑥
𝐴m
𝐴m 𝐴m
𝑞 = 3
𝑞 ≫ 1 𝑞 = 7 𝑞 = 4
AC phase: Periodicity:
Landau gauge: Spectrum: 𝐸 = 𝐸(𝑘𝑦)
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An Intuitive Criterion for Topological Edges Key: Magnons experience geometric (AC) phase globally & macroscopically (*)
Otherwise no topological edge modes (#)
・・・(*)
Topological edge Topological edge No topological edge
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Otherwise no topological edge modes (#)
Key: Magnons experience geometric (AC) phase globally & macroscopically (*)
An Intuitive Criterion for Topological Edges
An origin of topological edge mode = cyclotron motion
𝐴m ≠ 0
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Magnonic ``Quantum’’ Hall Effect & WF Law
KN, Klinovaja & Loss, Phys. Rev. B 95, 125429 (2017)
See also [KN, Simon & Loss, Phys. Rev. B 92, 134425 (2015)] for magnonic WF law in insulating FM
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𝑞 ≫ 1 𝑞 = 6
𝑞 = 4 𝑞 = 3
Isotropic case: 𝐽𝑥 = 𝐽𝑦
(c)-(d): Bulk gap ``closed’’ Gapless
(a)-(d): Chiral edge states
(a)-(b): NOT flat bulk gap
~ Weyl systems cf., Weyl magnon in AF [Li et al., Nat. Comm.(2016)]
NOTE) Weak disorder: Edge mode will not couple to bulk
Chiral Edge Magnon State: Isotropy
Tight-binding model:
AC phase:
Landau gauge:
Periodicity:
Spectrum: 𝐸 = 𝐸(𝑘𝑦)
cf., Spin Hamiltonian:
< 𝜋
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Magnonic Wiedemann-Franz Law KN, Simon, and Loss: Phys. Rev. B 92, 134425 (2015)
See also [KN, Simon & Loss J. Phys. D. 50, 114004 (2017)] for review article
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VS
(Free electron at low temp.) Low temp.:
Electron (metal) Magnon (FI)
Franz and Wiedemann, Annalen der Physik 165, 497 (1853)
KN, Simon, and Loss, Phys. Rev. B 92, 134425 (2015)
Fermion Boson Statistics
Lorenz number
WF law (Low temp.)
Onsager-Thomson relation
Seebeck & Peltier
Ratios of 𝐿𝑖𝑗, WF law, Seebeck, and Peltier coefficients are material independent
Magnonic Wiedemann-Franz Law: KN, Simon, and Loss, Phys. Rev. B 92, 134425 (2015)
Universal Thermomagnetic Properties
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OTHERS
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Electron 𝑒: Fermion Magnon 𝜇B: Boson Review article: KN, Simon & Loss. J. Phys. D: 50, 114004 (2017). arXiv:1610.08901
Wiedemann-Franz (WF) law Franz and Wiedemann, Annalen der Physik (1853)
Magnonic Wiedemann-Franz law KN, Simon & Loss, Phys. Rev. B 92, 134425 (2015). arXiv:1507.03807 Slide:https://www.dropbox.com/s/5n40xudfu51ibj3/MagnonicWFlaw_KoukiNakata.pdf?dl=0
Josephson effect Josephson, Phys. Lett. (1962)
Magnonic Josephson effect KN, Hoogdalem, Simon & Loss, Phys. Rev. B 90, 144419 (2014). arXiv:1406.7004 KN, Simon & Loss, Phys. Rev. B 92, 014422 (2015). arXiv:1502.03865 Slide:https://www.dropbox.com/s/704l39hto8pzr79/MagnonBECtransport_KoukiNakata.pdf?dl=0
Integer quantum Hall effect Klitzing et al., PRL (1980) TKNN, PRL (1982) / Kohmoto, Ann. Phys. (1985)
Magnonic `quantum’ Hall effect & the WF law: Chiral edge KN, Klinovaja & Loss, Phys. Rev. B 95, 125429 (2017). arXiv:1611.09752
Topological ferromagnet (FM) Slide:https://www.dropbox.com/s/tmryrxua10v5vgm/MagnonicQHE_KoukiNakata.pdf?dl=0
Topological insulator (TI) Kane and Mele, PRL (2005, 2005). Bernevig and Zhang, PRL (2006).
Quantum spin Hall effect (QSHE)
Magnonic topological insulator: Helical edge KN, Kim, Klinovaja, Loss (2017). arXiv:1707.07427
Topological antiferromagnet (AF): Magnonic quantum spin Hall effects Slide: https://www.dropbox.com/s/delxgvyumuiuh99/AFmagnonicZ2TI_KoukiNakata.pdf?dl=0
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FM insulators: Magnonic Hall Effects + …
1995: Haldane & Arovas, PRB 2009: Fujimoto, PRL 2010: Onose et al., Science 2010: Katsura et al., PRL 2011: Matsumoto & Murakami, PRL & PRB 2013: Shindou et al., PRB etc. (2013, 2013, 2014, 2016) 2013: Zhang et al., PRB 2014: Mook et al., PRB (2014, 2014, 2015)
Observation of the magnon Hall effect & the theories
Magnonic Chern insulators: Chiral edge
Phase twist & Berry curvature in magnonic system
Picture from Google search
Topological Phenomena
NOTE: See [Haldane and Arovas, PRB (1995)] & [Xu, Ohtsuki, and Shindou, PRB (2016)] for disordered quantum Hall systems, and [Matsumoto & Murakami, PRL & PRB (2011)], [Shindou et al., PRB (2013, 2014)], & their review [Murakami & Okamoto, JPSJ (2017)} for chiral edge states in dipolar int. and the bulk-edge correspondence.
Electron: Quantum Hall Effects & Topological Insulator
1982: Thouless, Kohmoto, Nightingale, and Nijs (TKNN), PRL 1982: Halperin, PRB (1982). Hatsugai, PRL (1993) 1985: Kohmoto, Ann. Phys. 1985: Niu, Thouless, and Wu, PRB [Xiao, Chang, and Niu, RMP (2010)] 2005: Kane and Mele, PRL (2005, 2005): [Hasan and Kane, RMP (2010)] 2006: Bernevig and Zhang, PRL (2006): [Qi and Zhang, RMP (2011)]