madrid 21/3/14 energy audit standards in transport
DESCRIPTION
On behalf of DG Energy, the JRC organized a 1,5-day experts' workshop on energy audits and energy management systems under the Article 8 of the Energy Efficiency Directive. With an attendance of more than 70 national and industry experts, the objective of this workshop was to provide examples of existing best practices to help prepare the transposition of Article 8 and Annex VI of the EED and explore how these best practices can be useful for the implementation of the mandatory audits for large enterprises.TRANSCRIPT
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ENERGY AUDIT STANDARDS WITH SPECIFIC FOCUS ON TRANSPORT
Madrid 21st March 2014
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Agenda
Introductions
Conor Molloy, AEMS, Chair CEN Transport WG
Erik van Agtmaal, Altimedes Consulting
Transport as a system
EN16247- Energy Audits Part 4 - Transport
Impacts of energy audits
Voluntary SME impacts
Conclusions
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An introduction to energy efficiency audits
in freight transportation
Erik van Agtmaal Managing Partner Altimedes
Energy audits and Energy Management systems under Energy Efficiency Directive Article 8
Madrid, 20th and 21st March 2014
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Background information
• Altimedes is a consulting firm in transport, logistics and supply chain management with a specific focus on energy efficiency and sustainability in transport and logistics.
• Founding member of the Green Logistics Consulting Group
• Assignments and services relevant to energy efficiency – Guidelines for emissions monitoring and reporting in logistics, Connekt
www.emissieberekenen.nl
– IATA Air Cargo footprint project
– Climate TransAct Stakeholder process
– SmartWay Europe Working group (now Green Freight Europe)
– United Nations Sustainable Procurement of Freight Transportation Services www.greeningtheblue.org
– Lean and Green programme, Flanders Institute for Logistics www.vil.be
– Energy audits and -management in road transport, air transport and logistics
– Training programme for road transport energy efficiency auditors
– …
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Energy use in transport (world)
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Source: Alex Körner, Transport sector: Trends, Indicators energy efficiency measures,
International Energy Agency, 2012
Freight transportation energy use (40 exajoule or 43% in 2009) is growing
faster than passenger transport.
Transport is 20% of energy use
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Transport energy efficiency measures ASI model
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Source: Altimedes, 2012 - developed for the Lean and Green programme - Flanders Institute for Logistics VIL
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Metrics for fuel efficiency in transport
Fuel consumption (FC) per unit • Litres per 100 km (l/100 Vehicle km)
• Litres per tonne-km
• Litres per m3-km
• Litres per passenger-km
• Litres per tonne delivered
• …
Fuel economy (FE) • Km per litre, Miles per gallon, …
Non linear relationship between FC and FE • 10% increase in FE = 9.1 % decrease in FC
• 100% increase in FE = 50 % decrease in FC
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360° ENERGY AUDIT ROAD CARRIER
Example
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Energy cost in a road transport carrier
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Source: Total operating costs of an average German freight forwarding company , Güterkraftverkehr Logistik und Entsorgung e.V., 2012.
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Process
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1. Meeting with management team to explain and agree objectives, scope, approach, information exchange, contact persons and to get a first idea of the company, its operations and energy efficiency programme
2. Standard questionnaire (after non relevant questions are removed) is sent to contact person
3. First analysis based on response to questionnaire
4. Meetings with different managers and site visits (vehicles, transport planning, maintenance, procurement, sales, HR, …)
5. Analysis of findings and audit report
6. Presentation of audit report and recommendations to management team
7. Impact – feasibility assessment and matrix
8. Prioritisation of measures
9. Development of action plan
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Benchmarking
Performance may be benchmarked to: • Past performance: Comparing current versus reference
year (e.g. Lean and Green)
• Peer group: Comparing to the performance of a peer group (e.g. US EPA SmartWay)
• Best in class
• Best Practices: Comparing against more specific established practices considered to be the best in the industry
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Benchmarking per category
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0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
3
3,5
4
Supply chain (2)
Logistics operations (3)
Transport management (5)
Fleet composition (4)
Maintenance (10)
Aerodynamics (7) Tyres (8)
Fuel management (9)
Alternative fuels (13)
Eco driving (11)
Human resources (12)
Telematics (6)
Energy management (1)
• Energy Management
System • Supply chain impacts • Logistics • Fleet, truck and trailer
specifications • Transport management • Telematics • Aerodynamics • Tyres • Fuel management • Maintenance • Driver training • Human Resources • Alternative fuel
vehicles and new technologies
Score per category is given versus
feasible optimum (best practices)
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e.g. Aerodynamics
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Most aerodynamic shape
Air flow
Frontal
Friction zone Friction zone Friction zone
Recirculation zone Rear end
Roof fairing or deflector
Cab side-edge turning vanes
Aerodynamic side mirrors
Air dam
Tractor side panels
Collar
…
Aerodynamic mud flaps
Trailer side panels
Trailer rear-end solutions
…
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Aerodynamic quick wins
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Remove counterproductive aerodynamic features (0.6% to 1.5% reduction in fuel consumption)
• Correct installation and adjustment of air deflectors or fairings (1% to 3.8% reduction in fuel consumption)
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e.g. Impact of driver
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e.g. Impact of driver
Importance of continuous monitoring and reporting (driver league tables, benchmarking)
Intelligent cruise control and other supporting tools
Focus should be on all drivers and not only on ‘bad’ performers
Eco driving training and other training
Employee involvement in fuel management programme and in transport and logistics improvements
Awards, bonus schemes, competitions, …
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e.g. Impact of contract
Split incentives are an important cause of non optimisation in freight transportation
Transport carriers hold relevant information about potential logistics improvements but are unwilling to transfer this information to their clients as it is not in their interests
Transport contracts should avoid split incentives
Regular meetings to discuss opportunities for improvements
Sharing of benefits
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Lessons learned (1)
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Importance of a comprehensive 360° audit approach
Large variation in energy efficiency between companies
Even the “best in class” can improve
Many energy efficiency improvement measures, including quick wins, are often not implemented
The cumulative impact of even small improvements has the potential to deliver significant fuel efficiency gains
Audits show high total potential for energy efficiency improvement (6% to 20 % over a time period of 2 to 3 years)
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Lessons learned (2)
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Changes in product life cycle design, supply chain network design, logistics, … have often a much larger impact than technical improvements
The involvement of shippers creates extra opportunities and incentives for carriers to improve fuel efficiency
Providing information is not enough
Incentives and support are needed to convince carriers to focus on energy efficiency
Management teams of carriers recognised the large added value of the energy efficiency audit process
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EN16247 - 4
Transport Energy Audits
Conor Molloy
Chair CEN Transport Energy Mgmt WG
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Standards in Energy Management
I.S.393 Irish and other country
standards
I.S. 399 Energy Efficient Design
EN 16001
16247-1 Energy Audits
16247-4 Transport Audits
16247-5 Auditor Competence
ISO50001
50004 = Guidance for use
50002 = Auditing standard
50006 = M&V Measurement & verification standard
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ISO50001
Fastest selling standard since 9001:
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
60 70 92 108 145 250 324 400 601 715 791
915 1106 1244 1420 1530
2200
3404 3563
4048 4111
4740 5055
6670 6912
Number of ISO 50001 certified sites worldwide
R. Peglau (German Federal Environment Agency)
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EN16247 - Energy Audits
Developed under Mandate M/479
“Standardisation in the field of energy audits (decision D139/C016)”
Multi-part standard:
1 - General requirements already published
2 (buildings) , 3 (processes), 4 (transport) and
5 (qualification of auditors)
at voting stage due out July 2014
Read EN 16247-1 Energy audits- General requirements with Part 4
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Status
As EN16247-4 was developed in response to a Mandate: there is a legal standstill on development of similar standards until EN16247-4 is published
Similarly prEN 16247-5:2014 Energy audits — Part 5: Competence of Energy Auditors
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Energy Audit
‘An energy audit is the universal first step for an organization, whatever its size or type, wanting to improve its energy efficiency/use.’
It is a systematic inspection and analysis of energy use and energy consumption of a system or organization with the objective of identifying energy flows and the potential for energy efficiency improvements
‘Audit’ is the normal term, but ‘assessment’ or ‘diagnostic’ may be more appropriate
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Energy audit
An energy, or fleet fuel audit typically costs 1-5% of annual energy spend, for a 10-20% return in identified annualised savings.
Key to savings is a structured approach and follow-up i.e. reviews after X days
(In Ireland its now every 90 days)
ISO50001, EnergyMAP are example approaches
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FUNDING & SAVINGS How have audits been funded?
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SEAI - www.seai.ie
National Energy Authority
‘AMA’ – advice mentoring & assessment
Focused on results i.e. savings
Voluntary scheme aimed at SME’s
3,000+ energy assessments 2007-2013
100+ transport fleet energy assessments
Average 10% saving in 3-12 months
Advertised now with 20% savings
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Costs and benefits
Typical return 10% savings in L/100km
That’s € 100,000+ in annual savings
Typical audit budget 1-5% of fuel spend
i.e. € 10,000-50,000 - often significantly less
Funding from energy suppliers:
Follow-up(s) quarterly follow-ups work well
Echoes of Energy Agreements at small scale
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IMPACTS OF ENERGY AUDITS on road transport carriers in Ireland
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Audit + Advice & training
39.6 L/100km
34.3 L/100km
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
Jan/2012 Feb/2012 Mar/2012 Apr/2012 May/2012 Jun/2012 Jul/2012 Aug/2012 Sep/2012 Oct/2012
Weekly Fuel Cons.
Energy Audit
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Year on year sustained savings
33.02 32.60
32.41
28.48
25.00
27.00
29.00
31.00
33.00
35.00
37.00
39.00
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
2013 vs. 2012 L/100km
2012 2013 Linear (2012) Linear (2013)
Energy Audit
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Added value - HGV
€4,116 €8,895 €5,651 €11,453 €25,267 €35,793 €36,567 €32,617 €38,964 €39,280 €29,316 €27,040
32.4 L/100km
28.5 L/100km
29.3 L/100km
26.0 L/100km
27.0 L/100km
28.0 L/100km
29.0 L/100km
30.0 L/100km
31.0 L/100km
32.0 L/100km
33.0 L/100km
€-
€5,000
€10,000
€15,000
€20,000
€25,000
€30,000
€35,000
€40,000
€45,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Fuel
Per
form
ance
in L
/10
0km
fo
r fl
eet
by
mo
nth
Savi
ngs
in E
uro
@ A
A Ir
elan
d (
reta
il) le
ss 2
3%
VA
T
Axis Title
Fuel Savings € vs L/100km - 2013
Saving € Performance
Energy Audit
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33.0 L/100km
28.7 L/100km
27.1 L/100km
800000
850000
900000
950000
1000000
1050000
1100000
20.0 L/100km
22.0 L/100km
24.0 L/100km
26.0 L/100km
28.0 L/100km
30.0 L/100km
32.0 L/100km
34.0 L/100km
Baseline 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Fuel Performance PAX
Long run savings vs payload
Passengers increase by 18.4%; as fuel reduces 6.8% in L/100km
Energy Audit EnergyMAP training Telematics ISO50001 ECOdrive
Funding in whole or part by SEAI (‘07-11) and Enprova (‘12-’13)
www.matthews.ie
IPMVP
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Thank you
Merci Danke
Gracias
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Summary
Transport Energy Audits:
Reduce costs
Reduce emissions
Increase profit
Improve competitiveness
Securing jobs
Self financing – when used effectively
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Call for member state participants
Working group on building capacity
Auditors
Trainers
Tools
How will member states engage Dept. of Transport / DG Move?
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Contact information
Phone: +32(0)2 460 17 30
Website: www.altimedes.com
Email: [email protected]
Erik van Agtmaal
Mobile: +32(0)476 345 117
Email: [email protected]
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www.aems.ie
+353 87 255 4070