madras bar association v. union of india.pdf

8/9/2019 Madras Bar Association v. Union of India.pdf

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REPORTABLE

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

CIVIL ORIGINAL JURISDICTION

WRIT PETITION (C) NO. 1072 OF 2013

MADRAS BAR ASSOCIATION .....PETITIONER(S)

VERSUS

UNION OF INDIA & ANR. .....RESPONDENT(S)

J U D G M E N T

A.K. SIKRI J.

This writ petition i!e" #$ the petitioner% n'e!$% the M"rs Br

Assoition% is se*e! to the er!ier proee"in+s whih *!'inte" in the

,*"+'ent ren"ere" #$ the Constit*tion Benh o this Co*rt in Union of

India -. R. Gandhi, President, Madras Bar Association (hereinter

reerre" to s the /011 ,*"+'ent/). In the er!ier ro*n" o !iti+tion% the

petitioner h" h!!en+e" the onstit*tion! -!i"it$ o retion o

Ntion! Co'pn$ 2w Tri#*n! (/NC2T/ or short) n" Ntion!

Co'pn$ 2w Appe!!te Tri#*n! (/NC2AT/ or short)% !on+ with ertin

other pro-isions pertinin+ thereto whih were inorporte" #$ the

2e+is!t*re in Prts B n" C o the Co'pnies At% 345 (hereinter

reerre" to s the /At% 345/) #$ Co'pnies (Seon" A'en"'ent) At%

1 (011) SCC


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0110.

0) 6rit petition% in this #eh!% ws i!e" #$ the petitioner in the 7i+h Co*rt

o M"rs whih *!'inte" into the ,*"+'ent "te" 81.18.0119. The

7i+h Co*rt he!" tht retion o NC2T n" -estin+ the powers hitherto

e:erise" #$ the 7i+h Co*rt n" the Co'pn$ 2w Bor" (/C2B/ or

short) in the si" Tri#*n! ws not *nonstit*tion!. 7owe-er% t the

s'e ti'e% the 7i+h Co*rt pointe" o*t ertin "eets in -rio*s

pro-isions o Prt B n" Prt C o the At% 345 n"% in prti*!r% in

Setions 1FD(8)()(+)(h)% 1FE% 1FF% 1F2(0)% 1FR(8)% 1FT.

De!rin+ tht those pro-isions s e:iste" oen"e" the #si

Constit*tion! she'e o seprtion o powers% it ws he!" tht *n!ess

these pro-isions re pproprite!$ 'en"e" #$ re'o-in+ the "eets

whih were !so speii!!$ spe!!e" o*t% it wo*!" #e *nonstit*tion! to

onstit*te NC2T n" NC2AT to e:erise the ,*ris"ition whih is #ein+

e:erise" #$ the 7i+h Co*rt or the C2B. The petitioner e!t ++rie-e" #$

tht prt o the ,*"+'ent -i"e whih est#!ish'ents o NC2T n" NC2AT

ws he!" to #e Constit*tion!. On the other hn"% Union o In"i e!t

"isstisie" with the other prt o the ,*"+'ent where#$ oresi"

pro-isions ontine" in Prts B n" C o the At% 345 were perei-e"

s s*erin+ ro' -rio*s !e+! n" Constit*tion! inir'ities. Th*s% #oth

Union o In"i s we!! s the petitioner i!e" ppe!s +inst tht

,*"+'ent o the M"rs 7i+h Co*rt. Those ppe!s were "ei"e" #$ the


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Constit*tion Benh% s 'entione" #o-e.

8) The Constit*tion Benh -i"e the si" ,*"+'ent p*t its st'p o ppro-!

insor s Constit*tion! -!i"it$ o NC2T n" NC2AT is onerne". It

!so *n"ertoo; the e:erise o +oin+ thro*+h the oresi" pro-isions

ontine" in Prts B n" C o the At% 345 n" in s*#stnti!

'es*re +ree" with the M"rs 7i+h Co*rt in"in+ -rio*s "eets in

these pro-isions. These "eets were !iste" #$ the Co*rt in pr 01 o

the ,*"+'ent whih re"s s *n"er<

=01. 6e '$ t#*!te the orretions re*ire" to setri+ht the "eets in Prts I>B n" I>C o the At<

(i) On!$ ?*"+es n" "-otes n #eonsi"ere" or ppoint'ent s ,*"ii! 'e'#ers o the Tri#*n!. On!$ 7i+h Co*rt ?*"+es% or ?*"+es whoh-e ser-e" in the rn; o Distrit ?*"+e or t !esti-e $ers or person who hs prtie" s 2w$er or ten $ers n #e onsi"ere" or ppoint'ent s ?*"ii! Me'#er. Persons who h-e he!" @ro*p A or e*i-!ent post *n"er the Centr! or Stte @o-ern'ent with e:periene in the In"inCo'pn$ 2w Ser-ie (2e+! Brnh) n" In"in 2e+!Ser-ie (@r"e>) nnot #e onsi"ere" or ppoint'ent s ,*"ii! 'e'#ers s pro-i"e" ins*#>setion 0() n" (") o Setion 1FD. Thee:pertise in Co'pn$ 2w ser-ie or In"in 2e+!ser-ie wi!! t #est en#!e the' to #e onsi"ere" or ppoint'ent s tehni! 'e'#ers.

(ii) As the NC2T t;es o-er the *ntions o 7i+h Co*rt% the 'e'#ers sho*!" s ner!$ spossi#!e h-e the s'e position n" stt*s s 7i+hCo*rt ?*"+es. This n #e hie-e"% not #$ +i-in+ thes!r$ n" per;s o 7i+h Co*rt ?*"+e to the 'e'#ers%#*t #$ ens*rin+ tht persons who re s ner!$ e*! inrn;% e:periene or o'petene to 7i+h Co*rt ?*"+esre ppointe" s 'e'#ers. Thereore% on!$ oierswho re ho!"in+ the rn;s o Seretries or A""ition! Seretries !one n #e onsi"ere"


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or ppoint'ent s Tehni! 'e'#ers o the Ntion!Co'pn$ 2w Tri#*n!. C!*ses () n" (") o s*#>setion (0) n" C!*ses () n" (#) o s*#>setion(8) o setion 1FD whih pro-i"e or persons with 4$ers e:periene in @ro*p A post or persons ho!"in+ the

post o ?oint Seretr$ or e*i-!ent post in Centr!or Stte @o-ern'ent% #ein+ *!iie" or ppoint'ent s Me'#ers o Tri#*n! is in-!i".

(iii) A =tehni! 'e'#er pres*pposes n e:periene inthe ie!" to whih the Tri#*n! re!tes. A 'e'#er o theIn"in Co'pn$ 2w Ser-ie who hs wor;e" with Ao*nts Brnh or oiers in other "eprt'ents who'i+ht h-e ini"ent!!$ "e!t with so'e spet o o'pn$ !w nnot #e onsi"ere" s =e:perts

*!iie" to #e ppointe" s tehni! 'e'#ers.Thereore !*ses () n" (#) o s*#>setion (8) re not-!i".

(i-) A Tehni! Me'#er/ pres*pposes ne:periene in the ie!" to whih the Tri#*n! re!tes. A 'e'#er o In"in Co'pn$ 2w Ser-ie who hswor;e" with Ao*nts Brnh or oiers inother "eprt'ents who 'i+ht h-e ini"ent!!$ "e!twith so'e spet o Co'pn$ 2w nnot #e

onsi"ere" s e:perts/ *!iie" to #e ppointe"s Tehni! Me'#ers. Thereore C!*ses () n" (#)o s*#>setion (8) re not -!i". (-) The irst prt o !*se () o s*#>setion (8) pro-i"in+ tht n$ personh-in+ spei! ;now!e"+e or proession! e:periene o 4 $ers in siene% tehno!o+$% eono'is% #n;in+%in"*str$ o*!" #e onsi"ere" to #e persons withe:pertise in o'pn$ !w% or #ein+ ppointe" sTehni! Me'#ers in Co'pn$ 2w Tri#*n!% is in-!i".

(-) Persons h-in+ #i!it$% inte+rit$% stn"in+ n" spei!;now!e"+e n" proession! e:periene o not !ess thniteen $ers in in"*stri! inne% in"*stri!'n+e'ent% in"*stri! reonstr*tion% in-est'ent n"o*ntn$% '$ howe-er #e onsi"ere" s personsh-in+ e:pertise in reh#i!ittionre-i-! o o'pniesn" thereore% e!i+i#!e or #ein+ onsi"ere" or ppoint'ent s tehni! 'e'#ers.

(-i) In re+r" to te+or$ o persons reerre" in!*se (+) o s*#>setion (8) t !est i-e $erse:periene sho*!" #e speiie".


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(-ii) On!$ !*ses ()% (")% (e)% (+)% (h)% n" !tter prt o !*se () in s*#>setion (8) o setion 1>FD n" oierso i-i! ser-ies o the rn; o the Seretr$ or A""ition! Seretr$ in In"in Co'pn$ 2w Ser-ien" In"in 2e+! Ser-ie n #e onsi"ere" or

p*rposes o ppoint'ent s tehni! 'e'#ers o theTri#*n!.

(-iii) Inste" o i-e>'e'#er Se!etion Co''ittee withChie ?*stie o In"i (or his no'inee) s Chirpersonn" two Seretries ro' the Ministr$ o Finne n"Co'pn$ Airs n" the Seretr$ in the Ministr$ o 2#o*r n" Seretr$ in the Ministr$ o 2w n" ?*sties 'e'#ers 'entione" in setion 1F% the Se!etionCo''ittee sho*!" #ro"!$ #e on the o!!owin+ !ines<

() Chie ?*stie o In"i or his no'inee >Chirperson (with stin+ -ote)

(#) A senior ?*"+e o the S*pre'e Co*rt or Chie ?*stie o 7i+h Co*rt Me'#er

() Seretr$ in the Ministr$ o Finne n"Co'pn$ Airs > Me'#er n"

(") Seretr$ in the Ministr$ o 2w n" ?*stie >Me'#er.

(i:) The ter' o oie o three $ers sh!! #e hn+e" to ter' o se-en or i-e $ers s*#,et to e!i+i#i!it$ or ppoint'ent or one 'ore ter'. This is #e*seonsi"er#!e ti'e is re*ire" to hie-e e:pertise in theonerne" ie!". A ter' o three $ers is -er$short n" #$ the ti'e the 'e'#ers hie-e there*ire" ;now!e"+e% e:pertise n" eiien$% one ter'

wi!! #e o-er. F*rther the si" ter' o three $ers with theretire'ent +e o 54 $ers is perei-e" s h-in+#een ti!or>'"e or persons who h-e retire"or short!$ to retire n" eno*r+es theseTri#*n!s to #e trete" s post>retire'enth-ens. I these Tri#*n!s re to *ntioneeti-e!$ n" eiient!$ the$ sho*!" #e #!e to ttrt$o*n+er 'e'#ers who wi!! h-e reson#!e perio" o ser-ie.

(:) The seon" pro-iso to Setion 1FEen#!in+ the Presi"ent n" 'e'#ers to retin!ien with their prent "re'inistr$"eprt'ent


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whi!e ho!"in+ oie s Presi"ent or Me'#ers wi!!not #e on"*i-e or the in"epen"ene o 'e'#ers. An$ person ppointe" s 'e'#erssho*!" #e prepre" to tot!!$ "isssoite hi'se! ro'the E:e*ti-e. The !ien nnot thereore e:ee"

perio" o one $er.

(:i) To 'intin in"epen"ene n" se*rit$ in ser-ie%s*#>setion (8) o setion 1F? n" Setion 1FVsho*!" pro-i"e tht s*spension o thePresi"entChir'n or 'e'#er o Tri#*n! n#e on!$ with the on*rrene o the Chie ?*stie o In"i.

(:ii) The "'inistrti-e s*pport or !! Tri#*n!s

sho*!" #e ro' the Ministr$ o 2w & ?*stie. Neither the Tri#*n!s nor its 'e'#ers sh!! see; or #epro-i"e" with i!ities ro' the respeti-esponsorin+ or prent Ministries or onerne"Deprt'ent.

(:iii) Two>Me'#er Benhes o the Tri#*n! sho*!"!w$s h-e ,*"ii! 'e'#er. 6hene-er n$!r+er or spei! #enhes re onstit*te"% then*'#er o Tehni! Me'#ers sh!! not e:ee" the

?*"ii! Me'#ers.

9) On the #sis o the oresi"% prt!$ !!owin+ the ppe!s% the s'e

were "ispose" o in the o!!owin+ ter's<

=4G. 6e thereore "ispose o these ppe!s% prt!$

!!owin+ the'% s o!!ows<

(i) 6e *pho!" the "eision o the 7i+h Co*rt tht theretion o Ntion! Co'pn$ 2w Tri#*n! n" Ntion!Co'pn$ 2w Appe!!te Tri#*n! n" -estin+ in the'% thepowers n" ,*ris"ition e:erise" #$ the 7i+h Co*rt inre+r" to o'pn$ !w 'tters% re not *nonstit*tion!.

(ii) 6e "e!re tht Prts B n" C o the At spresent!$ str*t*re"% re *nonstit*tion! or the resonsstte" in the pree"in+ pr. 7owe-er% Prts IB n" ICo the At% '$ #e '"e opertion! #$ ';in+s*it#!e 'en"'ents% s in"ite" #o-e% in ""ition towht the Union @o-ern'ent hs !re"$ +ree" in


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p*rs*ne o the i'p*+ne" or"er o the 7i+h Co*rt.

4) Tho*+h the -er"it 'e in the $er 011% *pho!"in+ the retion o

NC2T n" NC2AT% these two #o"ies o*!" not #e rete" n" '"e

*ntion! i''e"ite!$ thereter n" the 'tter +ot st*; in i'#ro+!io o

one ;in" or the other. It is not neessr$ to tre o*t those tors s

so'e o those re the s*#,et 'tter o 6rit Petition No.05G010 whih

writ petition is !so i!e" #$ this -er$ petitioner n" is pen"in+

onsi"ertion. Si" writ petition ws !iste" #eore this Benh !on+ with

the present writ petition n" r+*'ents to so'e e:tent were her" in

petition s we!!. 7owe-er% sine the iss*es rise" in the si" petition

neessitte *rther response ro' the Union o In"i% with the onsent o

the prties% it ws "ee'e" proper to "eer the herin+ in tht petition%

witin+ the response. Insor s the present writ petition is onerne"%

tho*+h so'ewht onnete" with writ petition No.05G010% pr$ers

'"e in this writ petition re entire!$ "ierent n" there ws no hn"ip

or o#str*tion in proee"in+ with the herin+ o the instnt writ petition.

For this reson% the r+*'ents were in!!$ her" in this se.

5) A"-ertin+ to the present writ petition% it so hppene" tht the Pr!i'ent

hs psse" new o'pn$ !w in the or' o In"in Co'pnies At% 018

(hereinter reerre" to s the /At% 018/) whih rep!es the er!ier At%

345. In this At% +in s*#stnti-e pro-isions h-e #een '"e with

re+r" to the est#!ish'ent o NC2T n" NC2AT. It is o#-io*s tht with


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the onstit*tion o NC2T n" NC2AT% the pro-isions re!tin+ to the

str*t*re n" onstit*tion o NC2T n" NC2AT% the pro-isions re!tin+ to

*!iitions or ppoint'ent o Presi"entChirperson n" Me'#ers

(,*"ii! s we!! s tehni!) o #oth NC2T n" NC2AT% n" !so

pro-isions re!tin+ to the onstit*tion o the Se!etion Co''ittee or

se!etion o the si" Me'#ers h-e !so #een inorporte" in the At%

018. These re n!o+o*s to Setion 1FD% 1FE% 1FF% 1F2% 1FR

n" 1FT whih were intro"*e" in the At% 345 #$ Co'pnies

(A'en"'ent) At% 0110. The *se or i!in+ the present petition #$ the

petitioner is the !!e+tion o the petitioner tht notwithstn"in+ -rio*s

"iretions +i-en in 011 ,*"+'ent% the new pro-isions in the At% 018

re !'ost on the s'e !ines s were inorporte" in the At% 345 n"%

thereore% these pro-isions s*er ro' the -ie o *nonstit*tion!it$ s

we!! on the pp!ition o the rtio in 011 ,*"+'ent. It is% th*s%

e'phsiHe" #$ the petitioner tht these pro-isions whih re ontine"

in Setions 91% 913% 9(8)% 90% 98% 904% 98 n" 989 o the At%

018 re ultra vires the pro-isions o Arti!e 9 o the Constit*tion n"%

thereore% wrrnt to #e str*; "own s *nonstit*tion!. The preise

pr$er ontine" in the writ petition re"s s *n"er<

=(i) 6RIT% ORDER OR DIRECTION 'ore prti*!r!$ inthe nt*re o 6RIT OF DEC2ARATION "e!rin+ tht thepro-isions o Chpter VII o the Co'pnies At% 018%'ore prti*!r!$ Setions 91% 913% 9(8)% 90% 98% 904%

98 n" 989 o the At s ultra vires the pro-isions o Arti!e 9 o the Constit*tion n" or"in+!$ stri;in+ "ownthe si" pro-isions s *nonstit*tion!


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(ii) Pss n$ or"er or s*h *rther or"er or or"ers s '$#e "ee'e" it n" proper in the ts n" ir*'stnes o the present se.J

G) Beore we proee" *rther% we wo*!" !i;e to set "own the oresi"

pro-isions o the At% 018 !on+ with Setion 0(9)% Setion 0(31) n"

Setion 91G whih ontine" ertin "einitions tht re re!e-nt in the

onte:t o ontro-ers$ rise" in the present petition<

=0(9) =Appe!!te Tri#*n! 'ens the Ntion! Co'pn$2w Appe!!te Tri#*n! onstit*te" *n"er setion 91

=0(31) =Tri#*n! 'ens the Ntion! Co'pn$ 2wTri#*n! onstit*te" *n"er setion 91

91G. In this Chpter% *n!ess the onte:t otherwisere*ires%K

() =Chirperson 'ens the Chirperson o the Appe!!te Tri#*n!

(#) =?*"ii! Me'#er 'ens 'e'#er o the Tri#*n!or the Appe!!te Tri#*n! ppointe" s s*h n"in!*"es the Presi"ent or the Chirperson% s the se'$ #e

() =Me'#er 'ens 'e'#er% whether ?*"ii! or Tehni! o the Tri#*n! or the Appe!!te Tri#*n! n"in!*"es the Presi"ent or the Chirperson% s the se'$ #e

(") =Presi"ent 'ens the Presi"ent o the Tri#*n!

(e) =Tehni! Me'#er 'ens 'e'#er o the Tri#*n!or the Appe!!te Tri#*n! ppointe" s s*h.

91. C!"#$%$&$%!" !' N$%!" C!*+", L-

T%/&"

The Centr! @o-ern'ent sh!!% #$ notiition%

onstit*te% with eet ro' s*h "te s '$ #e


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speiie" therein% Tri#*n! to #e ;nown s the

Ntion! Co'pn$ 2w Tri#*n! onsistin+ o

Presi"ent n" s*h n*'#er o ?*"ii! n" Tehni!

'e'#ers% s the Centr! @o-ern'ent '$ "ee'

neessr$% to #e ppointe" #$ it #$ notiition% toe:erise n" "ishr+e s*h powers n" *ntions s

re% or '$ #e% onerre" on it #$ or *n"er this At or

n$ other !w or the ti'e #ein+ in ore.

913. &%'%$%!" !' P#%"$ " M*/# !'

T%/&"

() The Presi"ent sh!! #e person who is or hs #een ?*"+e o 7i+h Co*rt or i-e $ers.

(0) A person sh!! not #e *!iie" or ppoint'ent s

?*"ii! Me'#er *n!ess heK

() is% or hs #een% ,*"+e o 7i+h Co*rt or

(#) is% or hs #een% Distrit ?*"+e or t !est i-e

$ers or

() hs% or t !est ten $ers #een n "-ote o

o*rt.

E:p!ntion.KFor the p*rposes o !*se ()% in

o'p*tin+ the perio" "*rin+ whih person hs #een

n "-ote o o*rt% there sh!! #e in!*"e" n$

perio" "*rin+ whih the person hs he!" ,*"ii! oie

or the oie o 'e'#er o tri#*n! or n$ post%

*n"er the Union or Stte% re*irin+ spei! ;now!e"+e

o !w ter he #eo'e n "-ote.

(8) A person sh!! not #e *!iie" or ppoint'ent s

Tehni! Me'#er *n!ess he >

() hs% or t !est iteen $ers #een 'e'#er o the

In"in Corporte 2w Ser-ie or In"in 2e+! Ser-ieo*t o whih t !est three $ers sh!! #e in the p$

s!e o ?oint Seretr$ to the @o-ern'ent o In"i or


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e*i-!ent or #o-e in tht ser-ie or

(#) is% or hs #een% in prtie s hrtere"

o*ntnt or t !est iteen $ers or

() is% or hs #een% in prtie s ost o*ntnt or

t !est iteen $ers or

(") is% or hs #een% in prtie s o'pn$ seretr$

or t !est iteen $ers or

(e) is person o pro-en #i!it$% inte+rit$ n" stn"in+

h-in+ spei! ;now!e"+e n" e:periene% o not !essthn iteen $ers% in !w% in"*stri! inne% in"*stri!

'n+e'ent or "'inistrtion% in"*stri!

reonstr*tion% in-est'ent% o*ntn$% !#o*r

'tters% or s*h other "isip!ines re!te" to

'n+e'ent% on"*t o irs% re-i-!% reh#i!ittion

n" win"in+ *p o o'pnies or

() is% or hs #een% or t !est i-e $ers% presi"in+

oier o 2#o*r Co*rt% Tri#*n! or Ntion! Tri#*n!

onstit*te" *n"er the In"*stri! Disp*tes At% 39G.

91. C!"#$%$&$%!" !' A++$ T%/&"

The Centr! @o-ern'ent sh!!% #$ notiition%

onstit*te% with eet ro' s*h "te s '$ #e

speiie" therein% n Appe!!te Tri#*n! to #e ;nown s

the Ntion! Co'pn$ 2w Appe!!te Tri#*n!

onsistin+ o hirperson n" s*h n*'#er o ?*"ii!

n" Tehni! Me'#ers% not e:ee"in+ e!e-en% s the

Centr! @o-ern'ent '$ "ee' it% to #e ppointe" #$ it

#$ notiition% or herin+ ppe!s +inst the or"ers o

the Tri#*n!.

9. &%'%$%!"# !' 4%+#!" " M*/# !'

A++$ T%/&"

() The hirperson sh!! #e person who is or hs


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#een ?*"+e o the S*pre'e Co*rt or the Chie ?*stie o 7i+h Co*rt.

(0) A ?*"ii! Me'#er sh!! #e person who is or hs#een ?*"+e o 7i+h Co*rt or is ?*"ii! Me'#er

o the Tri#*n! or i-e $ers.

(8) A Tehni! Me'#er sh!! #e person o pro-en#i!it$% inte+rit$ n" stn"in+ h-in+ spei! ;now!e"+en" e:periene% o not !ess thn twent$>i-e $ers% in!w% in"*stri! inne% in"*stri! 'n+e'ent or "'inistrtion% in"*stri! reonstr*tion% in-est'ent%o*ntn$% !#o*r 'tters% or s*h other "isip!inesre!te" to 'n+e'ent% on"*t o irs% re-i-!%reh#i!ittion n" win"in+ *p o o'pnies.

90. S$%!" !' M*/# !' T%/&" "

A++$ T%/&"

() The Presi"ent o the Tri#*n! n" the hirperson

n" ?*"ii! Me'#ers o the Appe!!te Tri#*n!% sh!!

#e ppointe" ter ons*!ttion with the Chie ?*stie o

In"i.

(0) The Me'#ers o the Tri#*n! n" the Tehni!

Me'#ers o the Appe!!te Tri#*n! sh!! #e ppointe"

on the reo''en"tion o Se!etion Co''ittee

onsistin+ oK

() Chie ?*stie o In"i or his no'ineeK

Chirperson

(#) senior ?*"+e o the S*pre'e Co*rt or Chie

?*stie o 7i+h Co*rtKMe'#er

() Seretr$ in the Ministr$ o Corporte AirsK

Me'#er

(") Seretr$ in the Ministr$ o 2w n" ?*stieK

Me'#er n"

(e) Seretr$ in the Deprt'ent o Finni! Ser-ies


13/44

13

in the Ministr$ o FinneKMe'#er.

(8) The Seretr$% Ministr$ o Corporte Airs sh!!

#e the Con-ener o the Se!etion Co''ittee.

(9) The Se!etion Co''ittee sh!! "eter'ine its

proe"*re or reo''en"in+ persons *n"er

s*#>setion (0).

(4) No ppoint'ent o the Me'#ers o the Tri#*n! or

the Appe!!te Tri#*n! sh!! #e in-!i" 'ere!$ #$

reson o n$ -n$ or n$ "eet in the

onstit*tion o the Se!etion Co''ittee.

98. T* !' !''% !' P#%"$ 4%+#!" "

!$4 M*/#

() The Presi"ent n" e-er$ other Me'#er o the

Tri#*n! sh!! ho!" oie s s*h or ter' o i-e

$ers ro' the "te on whih he enters *pon his

oie% #*t sh!! #e e!i+i#!e or re>ppoint'ent or

nother ter' o i-e $ers.

(0) A Me'#er o the Tri#*n! sh!! ho!" oie s s*h

*nti! he ttins%K

() in the se o the Presi"ent% the +e o

si:t$>se-en $ers

(#) in the se o n$ other Me'#er% the +e o

si:t$>i-e $ers<

Pro-i"e" tht person who hs not o'p!ete"

it$ $ers o +e sh!! not #e e!i+i#!e or ppoint'ent

s Me'#er<

Pro-i"e" *rther tht the Me'#er '$ retin his

!ien with his prent "re or Ministr$ or Deprt'ent%

s the se '$ #e% whi!e ho!"in+ oie s s*h or

perio" not e:ee"in+ one $er.

(8) The hirperson or Me'#er o the Appe!!te


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Tri#*n! sh!! ho!" oie s s*h or ter' o i-e

$ers ro' the "te on whih he enters *pon his

oie% #*t sh!! #e e!i+i#!e or re>ppoint'ent or

nonther ter' o i-e $ers.

(9) A Me'#er o the Appe!!te Tri#*n! sh!! ho!"

oie s s*h *nti! he ttins%K

() in the se o the Chirperson% the +e o

se-ent$ $ers

(#) in the se o n$ other Me'#er% the +e o

si:t$>se-en $ers<

Pro-i"e" tht person who hs not o'p!ete"it$ $ers o +e sh!! not #e e!i+i#!e or ppoint'ent

s Me'#er<

Pro-i"e" *rther tht the Me'#er '$ retin his

!ien with his prent "re or Ministr$ or Deprt'ent%

s the se '$ #e% whi!e ho!"in+ oie s s*h or

perio" not e:ee"in+ one $er.

99. S, !-"# " !$4 $*# "

!"%$%!"# !' #5% !' M*/#

The s!r$% !!ownes n" other ter's n"

on"itions o ser-ie o the Me'#ers o the Tri#*n!

n" the Appe!!te Tri#*n! sh!! #e s*h s '$ #e

presri#e"<

Pro-i"e" tht neither the s!r$ n" !!ownes

nor the other ter's n" on"itions o ser-ie o the

Me'#ers sh!! #e -rie" to their "is"-nt+e ter

their ppoint'ent.

904. P!- $! +&"%#4 '! !"$*+$

The Tri#*n! n" the Appe!!te Tri#*n! sh!! h-ethe s'e ,*ris"ition% powers n" *thorit$ in respet

o onte'pt o the'se!-es s the 7i+h Co*rt hs n"


15/44

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'$ e:erise% or this p*rpose% the powers *n"er the

pro-isions o the Conte'pt o Co*rts At% 3G%

whih sh!! h-e the eet s*#,et to 'o"iitions

thtK

() the reerene therein to 7i+h Co*rt sh!! #e

onstr*e" s in!*"in+ reerene to the Tri#*n!

n" the Appe!!te Tri#*n! n"

(#) the reerene to A"-ote>@ener! in setion 4

o the si" At sh!! #e onstr*e" s reerene to

s*h 2w Oiers s the Centr! @o-ern'ent '$%

spei$ in this #eh!.

) In the pr$er !*se% onstit*tion! -!i"it$ o Setions 94% 9% 909%

905% 98 n" 989 h-e !so #een *estione". At the ti'e o herin+% no

r+*'ents were ""resse" #$ Mr. Dtr% !erne" senior o*nse! or the

petitioner on the oresi" pro-isions. Thereore% in respet o these

pro-isions% we re eshewin+ o*r "is*ssion.

3) On the re"in+ o the oresi" pro-isions n" h-in+ re+r" to the

r+*'ents "-ne" t the Br% we n on-enient!$ te+orise the

h!!en+e in three o'prt'ents% s *n"er<

(i) Ch!!en+e to the -!i"it$ o the onstit*tion o NCT n" NC2AT

(ii) Ch!!en+e to the presription o *!iitions in!*"in+ ter' o their

oie n" s!r$ !!ownes et. o Presi"ent n" Me'#ers o the NC2T

n" s we!! s Chir'n n" Me'#ers o the NC2AT

(iii) Ch!!en+e to the str*t*re o the Se!etion Co''ittee or

ppoint'ent o Presi"entMe'#ers o the NC2T n" Chirperson


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Me'#ers o the NC2AT.

Ini"ent! iss*es pertinin+ to the power +i-en to these #o"ies to

p*nish or onte'pt s 'entione" in Setion 904 n" +i-in+ power to

Centr! @o-ern'ent to onstit*te the Benhes re !so rise" #$ the

petitioner.

As wo*!" #e "is*sse" hereinter% !! these iss*es stn" o-ere"

#$ M"rs Br Assoition (s*pr) n" nswer to these *estions is

-i!#!e therein. In t% ter "eti!e" "is*ssion on eh iss*e% the

Co*rt prono*ne" the -er"it. Thereore% whi!e "oin+ "i+nosti o

sorts o the iss*es rise"% we sh!! #e "'inisterin+ the tret'ent tht is

presri#e" in tht ,*"+'ent.

ISSUE NO.1Re. < Constit*tion! -!i"it$ o NCT n" NC2AT

Setion 91 o the At% 018 "e!s with the onstit*tion o NC2T.

B$ -irt*e o this Setion% Centr! @o-ern'ent is e'powere" to iss*e

notiition or onstit*tin+ Tri#*n! to #e ;nown s /Ntion! Co'pn$

2w Tri#*n!/. This Tri#*n! wo*!" onsist o Presi"ent n" s*h

n*'#er o ?*"ii! n" Tehni! 'e'#ers% s the Centr! @o-ern'ent

'$ "ee' neessr$% to #e ppointe" #$ it. B$ Notiition "te"

0.13.018% the Centr! @o-ern'ent hs onstit*te" the NC2T.

2i;ewise% Setion 91 o the At% 018 r's the Centr! @o-ern'ent

with power to onstit*te NC2AT #$ notiition. This NC2AT is !so to

onsist o Chir'n n" s*h n*'#er o ?*"ii! n" Tehni!


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Me'#ers% not e:ee"in+ e!e-en% s the Centr! @o-ern'ent '$ "ee'

it% to #e ppointe" #$ it #$ notiition. B$ the oresi" Notiition

"te" 0.13.018% NC2AT hs !so #een onstit*te" #$ the Centr!

@o-ern'ent.

1) It is pertinent to point o*t tht in the pr$er !*se% tho*+h h!!en+e is

!i" to the -ires o Setion 91% it onspi*o*s!$ o'its Setion 91 n"%

th*s% in essene% there is no h!!en+e to the onstit*tion o NC2AT

insor s re!ie !i'e" is onerne". Moreo-er% s pointe" o*t #o-e%

the entire writ petition t;es *'#r+e *n"er the Constit*tion Benh

,*"+'ent in 011 ,*"+'ent. 7owe-er% t the ti'e o r+*'ents% Mr.

Dtr pri'ri!$ h!!en+e" the Constit*tion! -!i"it$ o NC2AT witho*t

';in+ n$ serio*s eorts to h!!en+e the onstit*tion o NC2T. As r

s NC2T is onerne"% he !'ost one"e" tht -!i"it$ thereo stn"s

*phe!" in 011 ,*"+'ent n" there is not '*h to r+*e. In respet o

NC2AT% tho*+h he one"e" tht -!i"it$ thereo is !so *phe!" in the

oresi" ,*"+'ent% his en"e-o*r ws to "e'onstrte tht there is no

"is*ssion in the entire ,*"+'ent insor s NC2AT is onerne" n"%

thereore% on!*sion whih is 'entione" in the si" ,*"+'ent t the

en"% sho*!" not #e trete" s #in"in+ or to #e t;en s h-in+ "ei"e"

this iss*e. 7is s*#'ission ws tht in -iew o the s*#se*ent

Constit*tion Benh ,*"+'ent o this Co*rt in Madras Bar Association -.


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Union of India0% wherein est#!ish'ent o Ntion! T: Tri#*n! hs

#een he!" to #e *nonstit*tion!% Setion 91 sho*!" !so #e 'ete" o*t

the s'e tret'ent or the resons reor"e" in the si" ,*"+'ent

pertinin+ to Ntion! T: Tri#*n!. It is "ii*!t to "i+est this r+*'ent

or -rio*s resons% whih we reor" in the "is*ssion hereter.

) First o !! the retion o Constit*tion o NC2AT hs #een speii!!$

*phe!" in 011 ,*"+'ent. It nnot #e "enie" tht this -er$ petitioner

h" speii!!$ *estione" the Constit*tion! -!i"it$ o NC2AT in the

er!ier writ petition n" e-en "-ne" the r+*'ents on this -er$ iss*e.

This t is speii!!$ note" in the si" ,*"+'ent. The pro-ision

pertinin+ to the onstit*tion o the Appe!!te Tri#*n! i.e. Setion 1FR

o the Co'pnies At% 345 ws "*!$ t;en note o. Ch!!en+e ws !i"

to the est#!ish'ents o NC2T s we!! s NC2AT on the +ro*n" tht the

Pr!i'ent h" resorte" to tri#*n!istion #$ t;in+ w$ the powers

ro' the nor'! o*rts whih ws essenti!!$ ,*"ii! *ntion n" this

'o-e o the 2e+is!t*re i'pin+e" *pon the i'prti!it$% irness n"

reson#!eness o the "eision ';in+ whih ws the h!!'r; o

,*"iir$ n" essenti!!$ ,*"ii! *ntion. Ar+*'ent went to the e:tent

tht it 'o*nte" to ne+tin+ the R*!e o 2w n" tr'p!in+ o the

Dotrine o Seprtion o Powers whih ws the #si et*re o the

Constit*tion o In"i. 6ht we re e'phsisin+ is tht the petitions

2 (019) 1 SCC


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sperhe"e" the tt; on the onstit*tion! -!i"it$ o #oth NC2T s

we!! s NC2AT on these o''on +ro*n"s. The Co*rt speii!!$ went

into the +'*t o !! those r+*'ents rise" n" e'phti!!$ repe!!e"

the s'e.

0) The Co*rt speii!!$ re,ete" the ontention tht trnserrin+ ,*"ii!

*ntion% tr"ition!!$ peror'e" #$ the Co*rts% to the Tri#*n!s oen"e"

the #si str*t*re o the Constit*tion n" s*''rise" the position in

this #eh! s *n"er<

=6e '$ s*''riHe the position s o!!ows<

() A !e+is!t*re n ent !w trnserrin+ the ,*ris"ition e:erise" #$ o*rts in re+r" to n$speiie" s*#,et (other thn those whih re -este" ino*rts #$ e:press pro-isions o the Constit*tion) to n$tri#*n!.

(#) A!! o*rts re tri#*n!s. An$ tri#*n! to whihn$ e:istin+ ,*ris"ition o o*rts is trnserre" sho*!"!so #e ?*"ii! Tri#*n!. This 'ens tht s*hTri#*n! sho*!" h-e s 'e'#ers% persons o rn;% pit$ n" stt*s s ner!$ s possi#!ee*! to the rn;% stt*s n" pit$ o the o*rtwhih ws ti!! then "e!in+ with s*h 'tters n" the'e'#ers o the Tri#*n! sho*!" h-e thein"epen"ene n" se*rit$ o ten*re ssoite" with?*"ii! Tri#*n!s.

() 6hene-er there is nee" or Tri#*n!s/% there is nopres*'ption tht there sho*!" #e tehni! 'e'#ers inthe Tri#*n!s. 6hen n$ ,*ris"ition is shite" ro'o*rts to Tri#*n!s% on the +ro*n" o pen"en$ n""e!$ in o*rts% n" the ,*ris"ition so trnserre" "oesnot in-o!-e n$ tehni! spets re*irin+ thessistne o e:perts% the Tri#*n!s sho*!" nor'!!$h-e on!$ ,*"ii! 'e'#ers. On!$ where the e:erise o ,*ris"ition in-o!-es in*ir$ n" "eisions into tehni!or spei! spets% where presene o tehni!'e'#ers wi!! #e *se*! n" neessr$% Tri#*n!s


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sho*!" h-e tehni! 'e'#ers. In"isri'inteppoint'ent o tehni! 'e'#ers in !! Tri#*n!s wi!!"i!*te n" "-erse!$ et the in"epen"ene o the?*"iir$.

(") The 2e+is!t*re n re>or+niHe the ,*ris"itions o ?*"ii! Tri#*n!s. For e:'p!e% it n pro-i"e tht speiie" te+or$ o ses trie" #$ hi+her o*rt n#e trie" #$ !ower o*rt or -ie -ers (A stn"r"e:'p!e is the -rition o pe*nir$ !i'its o o*rts).Si'i!r!$ whi!e onstit*tin+ Tri#*n!s% the 2e+is!t*ren presri#e the *!iitions e!i+i#i!it$ riteri. Thes'e is howe-er s*#,et to ?*"ii! Re-iew. I the o*rtin e:erise o ,*"ii! re-iew is o the -iew tht s*htri#*n!istion wo*!" "-erse!$ et the in"epen"ene

o ,*"iir$ or the stn"r"s o ,*"iir$% the o*rt'$ interere to preser-e the in"epen"ene n"stn"r"s o ,*"iir$. S*h n e:erise wi!! #e prt o the he;s n" #!nes 'es*res to 'intin theseprtion o powers n" to pre-ent n$enroh'ent% intention! or *nintention!% #$ either the!e+is!t*re or #$ the e:e*ti-e.

8) Thereter% the Constit*tion Benh te+ori!!$ "e!t with the

Constit*tion! -!i"it$ o NC2T n" NC2AT *n"er the ption =6hether

the onstit*tion o NC2T n" NC2AT *n"er Prts B & C o Co'pnies

At re -!i"% n" e'#r;e" *pon the "eti!e" "is*ssion on this topi.

It #eo'es 'niest ro' the #o-e tht the *estion o -!i"it$ o

NC2AT ws "iret!$ n" s*re!$ in iss*e. Vrio*s ets o the

h!!en+e !i" to the -!i"it$ o these two or were thoro*+h!$ thrshe"

o*t. No "o*#t% 'ost o the "is*ssion ontine" in prs 1G to 3

reers to NC2T. 7owe-er% on n insi+ht into the si" "is*ssion

ontine" in these pr+rphs% wo*!" e!o*ent!$ #er it o*t tht it is

in!*si-e o NC2AT s we!!. In pr 0 o the ,*"+'ent% whih is


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!re"$ e:trte" #o-e% the Co*rt speii!!$ ir'e" the "eision o

the 7i+h Co*rt whih he!" tht retion o NC2T n" NC2AT ws not

*nonstit*tion!. In -iew o this% it is not open to the petitioner e-en to

r+*e this iss*e s it !er!$ operte s res judicata.

9) Frn;!$% Mr. Dtr ws onsio*s o the oresi" !i'ittion. 7e sti!!

-ent*re" to tt; the settin+ *p o NC2AT on the +ro*n" tht insor s

this ppe!!te or*' is onerne"% there re no resons +i-en in the si"

,*"+'ent n" thereter this spet hs #een "e!t with in 'ore "eti!s

in the NTT ,*"+'ent wherein or'tion o Ntion! T: Tri#*n! hs

#een he!" to #e *nonstit*tion!. This "-ent*ris' on the prt o the

petitioner is tot!!$ *no*n"e". In the irst instne% s 'entione" #o-e%

insor s NC2AT is onerne"% its -!i"it$ hs !re"$ #een *phe!" n"

this iss*e nnot #e reopene". ?*"+'ent in the se o 011 ,*"+'ent

is o Constit*tion Benh n" tht ,*"+'ent o o>or"inte Benh

#in"s this Benh s we!!.

4) Seon"!$% re"in+ o the Constit*tion Benh ,*"+'ent in the 'tter o

Ntion! T: Tri#*n! wo*!" 'niest tht not on!$ 011 ,*"+'ent ws

t;en note o #*t o!!owe" s we!!. The Co*rt spe!!e" o*t the

"istin+*ishin+ et*res #etween NC2TNC2AT on the one hn" n" NTT

on the other hn" in rri-in+ t "ierent on!*sion.

5) Thir"!$% the NTT ws 'tter where power o ,*"ii! re-iew hitherto


22/44

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e:erise" #$ the 7i+h Co*rt in "ei"in+ the p*re s*#stnti! *estion o

!w ws so*+ht to #e t;en w$ to #e -este" in NTT whih ws he!" to

#e i'per'issi#!e. In the instnt se% there is no s*h sit*tion. On the

ontrr$% NC2T is the irst or*' in the hierrh$ o *si>,*"ii! or set

*p in the At% 018. The NC2T% th*s% wo*!" not on!$ "e! with *estion

o !w in +i-en se o'in+ #eore it #*t wo*!" #e !!e" *pon to

thrsh o*t the t*! "isp*tesspets s we!!. In this senrio% NC2AT

whih is the irst ppe!!te or*' pro-i"e" *n"er the At% 018 to

e:'ine the -!i"it$ o the or"ers psse" #$ NC2T% wi!! h-e to re-isit

the t*! s we!! s !e+! iss*es. Thereore% sit*tion is not ;in to

NTT. ?*ris"ition o the Appe!!te Tri#*n! is 'entione" in Setion 91

itse! whih stip*!tes tht NC2AT sh!! #e onstit*te" /or herin+

ppe!s +inst the or"ers o the Tri#*n!/. This ,*ris"ition is not

ir*'sri#e" #$ n$ !i'ittions o n$ nt*re whtsoe-er n" the

i'p!ition thereo is tht ppe! wo*!" !ie #oth on the *estions o ts

s we!! s *estions o !w. 2i;ewise% *n"er s*#>setion (9) o Setion

90% whih pro-ision "e!s with /ppe! ro' or"ers o Tri#*n!/% it is

pro-i"e" tht the NC2AT% ter +i-in+ reson#!e opport*nit$ o #ein+

her"% /pss s*h or"ers thereon s it thin;s it% or'in+% 'o"i$in+ or set

si"e the or"er ppe!e" +inst/. It is thereter *rther ppe! is

pro-i"e" ro' the or"er o the NC2AT to the S*pre'e Co*rt *n"er

Setion 908 o the At% 018. 7ere% the sope o the ppe! to the


23/44

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S*pre'e Co*rt is restrite" on!$ /to *estion o !w risin+ o*t o s*h

or"er/.

G) Fo*rth!$% it is not *n;nown rther o''on et*reprtie to pro-i"e

one ppe!!te or*' where-er n ent'ent is o'p!ete Co"e or

pro-i"in+ ,*"ii! re'e"ies. Pro-i"in+ one ri+ht to ppe! #eore n

ppe!!te or*' is we!! epte" nor' whih is perei-e" s he!th$

tr"ition.

) For !! these resons% we ho!" tht there is no 'erit in this iss*e.

ISSUE NO.2

3) L*!iitions o Presi"ent n" Me'#ers o NC2T re 'entione" in

Setion 913 o the At% 018 n" tht o Chirperson n" Me'#ers o

NC2AT re stip*!te" in Setion 9 o the At% 018. The petitioner hs

no *rre! #o*t the *!iitions 'entione" or the Presi"ent n"

?*"ii! Me'#ers o the Tri#*n! s we!! s Chirperson n" ?*"ii!

Me'#ers o the Appe!!te Tri#*n!. 7owe-er% it is r+*e" tht insor s

tehni! Me'#ers o NC2TNC2AT re onerne"% the pro-ision is

!'ost the s'e whih ws inserte" #$ w$ o n 'en"'ent in the At%

345 n" h!!en+e to those pro-isions ws speii!!$ *phe!" in"in+

*!t therewith. In or"er to ppreite this r+*'ent% we show the

o'prti-e pro-isions ontine" in At% 345 s we!! s in the At%

018


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ACT 168 ACT 2013

() 109FD (3) () (/) () " () () S$%!" :06 (3)

(8) A person sh!! not #e*!iie" or ppoint'ent sTehni! Me'#er *n!ess he>

(3) A person sh!! not #e*!iie" or ppoint'ent s Tehni! Me'#er *n!ess he>

() hs he!" or t !est iteen$ers @ro*p /A/ post or ne*i-!ent post *n"er theCentr! @o-ern'ent or Stte@o-ern'ent in!*"in+ t !estthree $ers o ser-ie s

Me'#er o the In"in Co'pn$2w Ser-ie (Ao*nts Brnh)in Senior A"'inistrti-e @r"e intht Ser-ie or

(a) hs% or t !est iteen $ers#een 'e'#er o the In"inCorporte 2w Ser-ie or In"in2e+! Ser-ie o*t o whih t!est three $ers sh!! #e in thep$ s!e o ?oint Seretr$ to

the @o-ern'ent o In"i or e*i-!ent or #o-e in thtser-ie or

(#) is% or hs #een% ?ointSeretr$ to the @o-ern'ent o In"i *n"er the Centr! Stin+She'e% or n$ other post *n"er

the Centr! @o-ern'ent or Stte @o-ern'ent rr$in+ s!e o p$ whih is not !essthn tht o ?oint Seretr$ tothe @o-ern'ent o In"i or t!est i-e $ers n" hs"e*te ;now!e"+e o% n"e:periene in% "e!in+ withpro#!e's re!tin+ to o'pn$!w or

(b) is% or hs #een% in prties hrtere" o*ntnt or t!est iteen $ers or

() is% or hs #een% or t !estiteen $ers in prtie s hrtere" o*ntnt *n"er theChrtere" Ao*ntnts At%393 (8 o 393) or

(c ) is% or hs #een% in prtie s ost o*ntnt or t !estiteen $ers or

(") is% or hs #een% or t !estiteen $ers in prtie s ost o*ntnt *n"er% the Costs

(d ) is% or hs #een% in prties o'pn$ seretr$ or t!est iteen $ers or


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n" 6or;s Ao*ntnts At%343 (08 o 343) or

(e) is person o pro-en #i!it$%

inte+rit$ n" stn"in+ h-in+spei! ;now!e"+e n"e:periene% o not !ess thniteen $ers% in !w% in"*stri!inne% in"*stri! 'n+e'entor "'inistrtion% in"*stri!reonstr*tion% in-est'ent%o*ntn$% !#o*r 'tters% or s*h other "isip!ines re!te" to'n+e'ent% on"*t o irs%

re-i-!% reh#i!ittion n"win"in+ *p o o'pnies or

(f ) is% or hs #een% or t !esti-e $ers% presi"in+ oier o 2#o*r Co*rt% Tri#*n! or Ntion! Tri#*n! onstit*te"*n"er the In"*stri! Disp*tes At% 39G.

(0) 109FR (0) S$%!" :11(3)

10FR. Constit*tion o Appe!!teTri#*n!< () The Centr!@o-ern'ent sh!!% #$ notiitionin the Oii! @Hette%onstit*te with eet ro' s*h"te s '$ #e speiie" therein%n Appe!!te Tri#*n! to #e!!e" the JNtion! Co'pn$2w Appe!!te Tri#*n!Jonsistin+ o Chirpersonn" not 'ore thn twoMe'#ers% to #e ppointe" #$tht @o-ern'ent% or herin+ppe!s +inst the or"ers o theTri#*n! *n"er this At.

9(8) A Tehni! Me'#er sh!!#e person o pro-en #i!it$%inte+rit$ n" stn"in+ h-in+spei! ;now!e"+e n"e:periene% o not !ess thntwent$>i-e $ers% in !w%in"*stri! inne% in"*stri!'n+e'ent or "'inistrtion%in"*stri! reonstr*tion%in-est'ent% o*ntn$% !#o*r 'tters% or s*h other "isip!ines re!te" to'n+e'ent% on"*t o irs%re-i-!% reh#i!ittion n"win"in+ *p o o'pnies.

(0) The Chirperson o the Appe!!te Tri#*n! sh!! #e


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person who hs #een ?*"+e o the S*pre'e Co*rt or the Chie ?*stie o 7i+h Co*rt.

(8) A Me'#er o the Appe!!teTri#*n! sh!! #e person o #i!it$% inte+rit$ n" stn"in+h-in+ spei! ;now!e"+e o%n" proession! e:periene o not !ess thn twent$>i-e $ersin% siene% tehno!o+$%eono'is% #n;in+% in"*str$%!w% 'tters re!tin+ to !#o*r%in"*stri! inne% in"*stri!

'n+e'ent% in"*stri!reonstr*tion% "'inistrtion%in-est'ent% o*ntn$%'r;etin+ or n$ other 'tter% the spei! ;now!e"+e o%or proession! e:periene inwhih% wo*!" #e in the opinion o the Centr! @o-ern'ent *se*!to the Appe!!te Tri#*n!.

01) It ws pointe" o*t tht in the 011 ,*"+'ent% the Constit*tion Benh

too; the -iew tht sine the NC2T wo*!" now #e *n"ert;in+ the wor;

whih is #ein+ peror'e"% inter alia, #$ 7i+h Co*rt% the tehni!

Me'#ers o the NC2TNC2AT sho*!" #e se!ete" ro' 'on+st on!$

those oiers who ho!" rn; o Seretries or A""ition! Seretries n"

h-e tehni! e:pertise. These spets re "is*sse" #$ the Co*rt in

the o!!owin+ pr+rphs<

=1. The !e+is!t*re is pres*'e" not to !e+is!teontrr$ to the r*!e o !w n" thereore ;now thtwhere "isp*tes re to #e ",*"ite" #$ ?*"ii! Bo"$other thn Co*rts% its stn"r"s sho*!" ppro:i'te!$ #ethe s'e s to wht is e:pete" o 'in stre'?*"iir$. R*!e o !w n #e 'enin+*! on!$ i there isn in"epen"ent n" i'prti! ,*"iir$ to ren"er


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,*stie. An in"epen"ent ,*"iir$ n e:ist on!$ whenpersons with o'petene% #i!it$ n" in"epen"enewith i'pe#!e hrter 'n the ,*"ii!instit*tions. 6hen the !e+is!t*re proposes to s*#stit*te Tri#*n! in p!e o the 7i+h Co*rt to e:erise the

,*ris"ition whih the 7i+h Co*rt is e:erisin+% it +oeswitho*t s$in+ tht the stn"r"s e:pete" ro' the?*"ii! Me'#ers o the Tri#*n! n" stn"r"s pp!ie"or ppointin+ s*h 'e'#ers% sho*!" #e s ner!$ spossi#!e s pp!i#!e to 7i+h Co*rt ?*"+es% whih reprt ro' #si "e+ree in !w% rih e:perienein the prtie o !w% in"epen"ent o*t!oo;%inte+rit$% hrter n" +oo" rep*ttion. It is !so i'p!ie"tht on!$ 'en o stn"in+ who h-e spei!e:pertise in the ie!" to whih the Tri#*n!

re!tes% wi!! #e e!i+i#!e or ppoint'ent sTehni! 'e'#ers. Thereore% on!$ persons with ,*"ii! #;+ro*n"% tht is% those who h-e #een or re ?*"+es o the 7i+h Co*rt n" !w$ers withthe presri#e" e:periene% who re e!i+i#!e or ppoint'ent s 7i+h Co*rt ?*"+es% n #e onsi"ere"or ppoint'ent o ?*"ii! Me'#ers.

13. A !ieti'e o e:periene in "'inistrtion '$';e 'e'#er o the i-i! ser-ies +oo" n" #!e

"'inistrtor% #*t not neessri!$ +oo"% #!e n"i'prti! ",*"itor with ,*"ii! te'per'ent p#!eo ren"erin+ "eisions whih h-e to (i) inor' theprties #o*t the resons or the "eision (ii)"e'onstrte irness n" orretness o the"eision n" #sene o r#itrriness n" (iii)ens*re tht ,*stie is not on!$ "one% #*t !sosee' to #e "one.

:: :: ::

. As r s the tehni! 'e'#ers re onerne"% theoier sho*!" #e o t !est Seretr$ 2e-e! oier with ;nown o'petene n" inte+rit$. Re"*in+ thestn"r"s% or *!iitions or ppoint'ent wi!! res*!t in!oss o oni"ene in the Tri#*n!s. 6e hsten to "" thto*r intention is not to s$ tht the persons o ?ointSeretr$ !e-e! re not o'petent. E-en persons o Un"er Seretr$ !e-e! '$ #e o'petent to "ishr+ethe *ntions. There '$ #e #ri!!int n" o'petentpeop!e e-en wor;in+ s Setion Oiers or Upper Di-ision C!er;s #*t tht "oes not 'en tht the$ n #eppointe" s Me'#ers. Co'petene is "ierent


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ro' e:periene% 't*rit$ n" stt*s re*ire" or the post. As% or e:'p!e% or the post o ?*"+e o the7i+h Co*rt% 1 $ers/ prtie s n A"-ote ispresri#e". There '$ #e A"-otes who e-en with9 or 4 $ers/ e:periene% '$ #e 'ore #ri!!int thn

A"-otes with 1 $ers/ stn"in+. Sti!!% it is noto'petene !one #*t -rio*s other tors whih';e person s*it#!e. Thereore% when the!e+is!t*re s*#stit*tes the ?*"+es o the 7i+hCo*rt with Me'#ers o the Tri#*n!% the stn"r"spp!i#!e sho*!" #e s ner!$ s e*! in the se o 7i+h Co*rt ?*"+es. Tht 'ens on!$ Seretr$ 2e-e!oiers (tht is those who were Seretries or A""ition!Seretries) with spei!iHe" ;now!e"+e n" s;i!!s n #eppointe" s Tehni! Me'#ers o the tri#*n!.

:: :: ::

. Prts IC n" ID o the Co'pnies At proposes toshit the o'pn$ 'tters ro' the o*rts toTri#*n!s% where ?*"ii! Me'#er/ n" Tehni! Me'#er/ wi!! "ei"e the "isp*tes. I the'e'#ers re se!ete" s onte'p!te" in setion1FD% there is e-er$ !i;e!ihoo" o 'ost o the'e'#ers% in!*"in+ the so !!e" ?*"ii! Me'#ers/ not

h-in+ n$ ,*"ii! e:periene or o'pn$ !we:periene n" s*h 'e'#ers #ein+ re*ire" to "e!with n" "ei"e o'p!e: iss*es o t n" !w. 6hether the Tri#*n!s sho*!" h-e on!$ ,*"ii! 'e'#ers or o'#intion o ,*"ii! n" tehni! 'e'#ersis or the 2e+is!t*re to "ei"e. B*t i theresho*!" #e tehni! 'e'#ers% the$ sho*!" #e personswith e:pertise in o'pn$ !w or !!ie" s*#,ets n"'ere e:periene in i-i! ser-ie nnot #etrete" s Tehni! E:pertise in o'pn$ !w.

The n"i"tes !!in+ *n"er s*#>setion 0() n"(") n" s*#>setions 8() n" (#) o setion 1FD h-eno e:periene or e:pertise in "ei"in+ o'pn$ 'tters.

3. There is n erroneo*s ss*'ption thto'pn$ !w 'tters re*ire ertin spei!iHe" s;i!!swhih re !;in+ in ?*"+es. There is !so ne*!!$ erroneo*s ss*'ption tht 'e'#ers o thei-i! ser-ies% (either @ro*p>A oier or ?ointSeretr$ !e-e! i-i! ser-nt who h" ne-er hn"!e" n$o'pn$ "isp*tes) wi!! h-e the ,*"ii!e:periene or e:pertise in o'pn$ !w to #eppointe" either s ?*"ii! Me'#er or Tehni!


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Me'#er. Nor n persons h-in+ e:periene o iteen $ers in siene% tehno!o+$% 'e"iines%#n;in+% in"*str$ n #e ter'e" s e:perts inCo'pn$ 2w or #ein+ ppointe" s Tehni!Me'#ers. The prtie o h-in+ e:perts s

Tehni! Me'#ers is s*ite" to res whihre*ire the ssistne o proession! e:perts%*!iie" in 'e"iine% en+ineerin+% n" rhitet*reet. 2st!$% we '$ reer to the !; o se*rit$ o ten*re.The short ter' o three $ers% the pro-ision or ro*tines*spension pen"in+ en*ir$ n" the !; o n$ ;in"o i''*nit$% re spets whih re*ire to #eonsi"ere" n" re'e"ie".

0) On the #sis o the oresi" "is*ssions% prts C n" D o the At%

345 s the$ e:iste" were trete" s in-!i" n" in or"er to #rin+ these

pro-isions within the re!' o Constit*tion!it$% the Co*rt pointe" o*t the

orretions whih were re*ire" to #e '"e to re'o-e those n'o!ies.

Pr 01 o the ,*"+'ent is 'ost re!e-nt to nswer the iss*e t hn"

n"% thereore% we repro"*e the si" pr in its entiret$<

=01. 6e '$ t#*!te the orretions re*ire" to setri+ht the "eets in Prts IB n" IC o the At <

(i) On!$ ?*"+es n" A"-otes n #eonsi"ere" or ppoint'ent s ?*"ii! Me'#ers o the Tri#*n!. On!$ the 7i+h Co*rt ?*"+es% or ?*"+eswho h-e ser-e" in the rn; o Distrit ?*"+e or t!est i-e $ers or person who hs prtie" s 2w$er or ten $ers n #e onsi"ere" or ppoint'ents ?*"ii! Me'#er. Persons who h-e he!" @ro*p A or e*i-!ent post *n"er the Centr!or Stte @o-ern'ent with e:periene in the In"inCo'pn$ 2w Ser-ie (2e+! Brnh) n" In"in 2e+!Ser-ie (@r"e>) nnot #e onsi"ere" or ppoint'ent s ,*"ii! 'e'#ers s pro-i"e" ins*#>setion 0() n" (") o Setion 1FD. Thee:pertise in Co'pn$ 2w ser-ie or In"in 2e+!ser-ie wi!! t #est en#!e the' to #e onsi"ere" or ppoint'ent s tehni! 'e'#ers.


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(ii) As NC2T t;es o-er the *ntions o 7i+hCo*rt% the 'e'#ers sho*!" s ner!$ s possi#!eh-e the s'e position n" stt*s s 7i+h Co*rt?*"+es. This n #e hie-e"% not #$ +i-in+ the s!r$n" per;s o 7i+h Co*rt ?*"+e to the 'e'#ers% #*t #$

ens*rin+ tht persons who re s ner!$ e*! in rn;%e:periene or o'petene to 7i+h Co*rt ?*"+es reppointe" s 'e'#ers. Thereore% on!$ oierswho re ho!"in+ the rn;s o Seretries or A""ition! Seretries !one n #e onsi"ere"or ppoint'ent s Tehni! 'e'#ers o the Ntion!Co'pn$ 2w Tri#*n!. C!*ses () n" (") o s*#>setion (0) n" C!*ses () n" (#) o s*#>setion(8) o setion 1FD whih pro-i"e or persons with 4$ers e:periene in @ro*p A post or persons ho!"in+ the

post o ?oint Seretr$ or e*i-!ent post in Centr!or Stte @o-ern'ent% #ein+ *!iie" or ppoint'ent s Me'#ers o Tri#*n! is in-!i".

(iii) A Tehni! Me'#er/ pres*pposes ne:periene in the ie!" to whih the Tri#*n! re!tes. A 'e'#er o In"in Co'pn$ 2w Ser-ie who hswor;e" with Ao*nts Brnh or oiers inother "eprt'ents who 'i+ht h-e ini"ent!!$ "e!twith so'e spet o Co'pn$ 2w nnot #e

onsi"ere" s e:perts/ *!iie" to #e ppointe"s Tehni! Me'#ers. Thereore C!*ses () n" (#)o s*#>setion (8) re not -!i".

(i-) The irst prt o !*se () o s*#>setion (8) pro-i"in+tht n$ person h-in+ spei! ;now!e"+e or proession! e:periene o 01 $ers in siene%tehno!o+$% eono'is% #n;in+% in"*str$ o*!" #eonsi"ere" to #e persons with e:pertise in o'pn$ !w%or #ein+ ppointe" s Tehni! Me'#ers in Co'pn$

2w Tri#*n!% is in-!i".

(-) Persons h-in+ #i!it$% inte+rit$% stn"in+ n" spei!;now!e"+e n" proession! e:periene o not !essthn iteen $ers in in"*stri! inne% in"*stri!'n+e'ent% in"*stri! reonstr*tion% in-est'entn" o*ntn$% '$ howe-er #e onsi"ere" spersons h-in+ e:pertise in reh#i!ittion re-i-! o o'pnies n" thereore% e!i+i#!e or #ein+onsi"ere" or ppoint'ent s Tehni! Me'#ers.

(-i) In re+r" to te+or$ o persons reerre" in !*se(+) o s*#>setion (8) t !est i-e $ers e:periene


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sho*!" #e speiie".

(-ii) On!$ C!*ses ()% (")% (e)% (+)% (h)% n" !ter prt o !*se () in s*#>setion (8) o setion 1FD n" oierso i-i! ser-ies o the rn; o the Seretr$ or

A""ition! Seretr$ in In"in Co'pn$ 2wSer-ie n" In"in 2e+! Ser-ie n #eonsi"ere" or p*rposes o ppoint'ent sTehni! Me'#ers o the Tri#*n!.

(-iii) Inste" o i-e>'e'#er Se!etion Co''ittee withChie ?*stie o In"i (or his no'inee) s Chirpersonn" two Seretries ro' the Ministr$ o Finne n"Co'pn$ Airs n" the Seretr$ in the Ministr$ o 2#o*r n" Seretr$ in the Ministr$ o 2w n" ?*stie

s 'e'#ers 'entione" in setion 1F% the Se!etionCo''ittee sho*!" #ro"!$ #e on the o!!owin+ !ines<

() Chie ?*stie o In"i or his no'inee > Chirperson(with stin+ -ote)

(#) A senior ?*"+e o the S*pre'e Co*rt or Chie ?*stieo 7i+h Co*rt Me'#er

() Seretr$ in the Ministr$ o Finne n" Co'pn$

Airs > Me'#er n"

(") Seretr$ in the Ministr$ o 2w n" ?*stie >Me'#er.

(i:) The ter' o oie o three $ers sh!! #e hn+e" to ter' o se-en or i-e $ers s*#,et to e!i+i#i!it$ or ppoint'ent or one 'ore ter'. This is #e*seonsi"er#!e ti'e is re*ire" to hie-e e:pertise in theonerne" ie!". A ter' o three $ers is -er$

short n" #$ the ti'e the 'e'#ers hie-e there*ire" ;now!e"+e% e:pertise n" eiien$% one ter'wi!! #e o-er. F*rther the si" ter' o three $ers with theretire'ent +e o 54 $ers is perei-e" s h-in+#een ti!or>'"e or persons who h-e retire"or short!$ to retire n" eno*r+es theseTri#*n!s to #e trete" s post>retire'enth-ens. I these Tri#*n!s re to *ntioneeti-e!$ n" eiient!$ the$ sho*!" #e #!e to ttrt$o*n+er 'e'#ers who wi!! h-e reson#!e perio" o ser-ie.

(:) The seon" pro-iso to Setion 1FE


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en#!in+ the Presi"ent n" 'e'#ers to retin!ien with their prent "re 'inistr$"eprt'entwhi!e ho!"in+ oie s Presi"ent or Me'#ers wi!!not #e on"*i-e or the in"epen"ene o 'e'#ers. An$ person ppointe" s 'e'#ers

sho*!" #e prepre" to tot!!$ "isssoite hi'se! ro'the E:e*ti-e. The !ien nnot thereore e:ee" perio" o one $er.

(:i) To 'intin in"epen"ene n" se*rit$ in ser-ie%s*#>setion (8) o setion 1F? n" Setion 1FVsho*!" pro-i"e tht s*spension o thePresi"entChir'n or 'e'#er o Tri#*n! n#e on!$ with the on*rrene o the Chie ?*stie o In"i.

(:ii) The "'inistrti-e s*pport or !! Tri#*n!ssho*!" #e ro' the Ministr$ o 2w & ?*stie. Neither the Tri#*n!s nor its 'e'#ers sh!! see; or #epro-i"e" with i!ities ro' the respeti-esponsorin+ or prent Ministries or onerne"Deprt'ent.

(:iii) Two>Me'#er Benhes o the Tri#*n! sho*!"!w$s h-e ,*"ii! 'e'#er. 6hene-er n$

!r+er or spei! #enhes re onstit*te"% then*'#er o Tehni! Me'#ers sh!! not e:ee" the?*"ii! Me'#ers.

00) 6ht +ets re-e!e" ro' the re"in+ o pr 01% prti*!r!$% s*#>pr

(ii) thereo tht on!$ oiers who re ho!"in+ the rn;s o Seretries or

A""ition! Seretries !one re to #e onsi"ere" or ppoint'ent s

tehni! Me'#ers o NC2T. Pro-isions ontine" in !*ses () n" (")

o s*#>setion (0) n" C!*se () n" (#) o s*#>setion (8) o Setion

1FD whih '"e ?oint Seretries with ertin e:periene s e!i+i#!e%

were speii!!$ "e!re" s in-!i". Notwithstn"in+ the s'e% Setion

913(8) o the At% 018 +in ';es ?oint Seretr$ to the @o-ern'ent


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o In"i or e*i-!ent oier e!i+i#!e or ppoint'ent% i he hs 4 $ers

e:periene s 'e'#er o In"in Corporte 2w Ser-ie or In"in 2e+!

Ser-ie% o*t o whih t !est 8 $ers e:periene in the p$ s!e o ?oint

Seretr$. This is !er!$ in the teeth o "it prono*ne" in 011

,*"+'ent.

08) In the o*nter i"-it% the respon"ents h-e en"e-ore" to ,*sti$ this

pro-ision #$ sttin+ tht this -rition ws '"e in -iew o the !; o

-i!#!e oiers t A""ition! Seretr$ !e-e! in In"in Co'pnies 2w

Ser-ie. It is *rther 'entione" tht *ntion!!$ the !e-e!s o A""ition!

Seretr$ n" ?oint Seretr$ re si'i!r. These oiers h-e

;now!e"+e o speii iss*es onernin+ opertions n" wor;in+ o

o'pnies n" their e:pertise in o'pn$ !w whih is e:pete" to

#eneit NC2T. S*h n e:p!ntion is not !e+!!$ s*stin#!e% h-in+

re+r" to the !er 'n"te o 011 ,*"+'ent.

6e wo*!" !i;e to point o*t tht prt ro' +i-in+ other resons or

!i'itin+ the onsi"ertion or s*h posts to Seretr$ n" A""ition!

Seretr$% there ws one -er$ o'pe!!in+ tor in the 'in" o the Co*rt

-iH. +r"*! erosion o in"epen"ene o ,*"iir$% whih ws perei-e"

s 'tter o onern. This spet ws "e'onstrte" with speii

e:'p!es in ertin ent'ents "epitin+ +r"*! "i!*tion o the

stn"r"s n" *!iitions presri#e" or persons to "ei"e ses

whih were er!ier #ein+ "ei"e" #$ the 7i+h Co*rt. 6e% th*s% "ee' it


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pposite to repro"*e tht "is*ssion whih pro-i"es o'p!ete nswer

to the oresi" r+*'ent t;en #$ the respon"ents. The si"

"is*ssion% ontine" in pr 0% with its s*#>prs% re"s s *n"er<

=0. 6ht is 'tter o onern is the +r"*! erosiono the in"epen"ene o the ,*"iir$% n" shrin;in+ o the spe o*pie" #$ the ?*"iir$ n" +r"*!inrese in the n*'#er o persons #e!on+in+ tothe i-i! ser-ie "ishr+in+ *ntions n"e:erisin+ ,*ris"ition whih ws pre-io*s!$e:erise" #$ the 7i+h Co*rt. There is !so +r"*!"i!*tion o the stn"r"s n" *!iition presri#e" or

persons to "ei"e ses whih were er!ier #ein+"ei"e" #$ the 7i+h Co*rts. 2et *s t;e sto;.

0. To strt with% prt ro' ,*ris"ition re!tin+ toppe!s n" re-isions in i-i!% ri'in! n" t:'tters (n" ori+in! i-i! ,*ris"ition in so'e7i+h Co*rts). The 7i+h Co*rts were e:erisin+ ori+in! ,*ris"ition in two i'portnt res one ws writ ,*ris"ition *n"er Arti!es 005 n" 00G (in!*"in+ori+in! ,*ris"ition in ser-ie 'tters) n" the

other ws in respet to o'pn$ 'tters.

0.0 Ater onstit*tion o A"'inistrti-e Tri#*n!s*n"er the A"'inistrti-e Tri#*n!s At% 34 the ,*ris"ition in re+r" to ori+in! ,*ris"itionre!tin+ to ser-ie 'tters ws shite" ro'7i+h Co*rts to A"'inistrti-e Tri#*n!s. Setion 5 o the si" At "e!s with *!iitions or ppoint'ent sChir'n% n" it is e-i"ent therero' tht the Chir'nhs to #e 7i+h Co*rt ?*"+e either sittin+ or or'er

?*"+e. For ,*"ii! 'e'#er the *!iition ws ththe sho*!" #e ,*"+e o 7i+h Co*rt or is *!iie" to#e ?*"+e o the 7i+h Co*rt (i.e. n "-ote o the7i+h Co*rt with ten $ers prtie or ho!"er o ,*"ii! oie or ten $ers) or person whohe!" the post o Seretr$% @o-t. o In"i in theDeprt'ent o 2e+! Airs or in the 2e+is!ti-eDeprt'ent or Me'#er Seretr$% 2w Co''ission o In"i or perio" o two $ers or n A""ition!Seretr$ to @o-ern'ent o In"i in the

Deprt'ent o 2e+! Airs or 2e+is!ti-eDeprt'ent or perio" o i-e $ers.


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0.8 For #ein+ ppointe" s A"'inistrti-e Me'#er%the *!iition ws tht the n"i"te sho*!"h-e ser-e" s Seretr$ to the @o-ern'ent o In"i or n$ other post o the Centr! or Stte@o-ern'ent rr$in+ the s!e o p$ whih is not

!ess thn s o Seretr$ o @o-ern'ent o In"i or t!est two $ers% or sho*!" h-e he!" the post o A""ition! Seretr$ to the @o-ern'ent o In"ior n$ other post o Centr! or Stte @o-ern'entrr$in+ the s!e o p$ whih is not !ess thn tht o n A""ition! Seretr$ to the @o-ern'ent o In"i t!est or perio" o i-e $ers. In other wor"s% 'tterstht were "ei"e" #$ the 7i+h Co*rts o*!" #e "ei"e"#$ Tri#*n! whose 'e'#ers o*!" #e two Seretr$!e-e! oiers with two $ers e:periene or e-en

two A""ition! Seretr$ !e-e! oiers with i-e$ers e:periene. This ws the irst "i!*tion.

0.9 The 'e'#ers were pro-i"e" ter' o oie o i-e $ers n" o*!" ho!" oie ti!! 54$ers n" the s!r$ n" other per*isites o these'e'#ers were '"e the s'e s tht o 7i+h Co*rt?*"+es. This itse! +-e roo' or o''ent tht theseposts were -irt*!!$ rete" s sine*re or 'e'#erso the e:e*ti-e to e:ten" their perio" o

ser-ie #$ i-e $ers ro' 51 to 54 t hi+her p$pp!i#!e to 7i+h Co*rt ?*"+es. L*ite ew 'e'#erso the e:e*ti-e th*s #e'e 'e'#ers o theJTri#*n!s e:erisin+ ,*"ii! *ntionsJ.

0.4 6e '$ ne:t reer to Inor'tionTehno!o+$ At% 0111 whih pro-i"e" or est#!ish'ent o C$#er Appe!!te Tri#*n! with sin+!e 'e'#er. Setion 41 o tht At pro-i"e" tht person who is% or hs #een% or is *!iie" to #e%

?*"+e o 7i+h Co*rt% or person who is% or hs#een% 'e'#er o the In"i 2e+! Ser-ie n" isho!"in+ or hs he!" post in @r"e I o tht ser-ie or t !est three $ers o*!" #e ppointe" s the Presi"in+Oier. Tht is% the re*ire'ent o e-en Seretr$!e-e! oier is +one. An$ 'e'#er o In"in 2e+!Ser-ie ho!"in+ @r"e>I Post or three $ersn #e s*#stit*te or 7i+h Co*rt ?*"+e.

0.5 The ne:t "i!*tion is #$ insertion o Chpters B in the Co'pnies At% 345 witheet ro' .9.0118 pro-i"in+ or onstit*tion o Ntion! Co'pn$ 2w Tri#*n! with Presi"ent n"


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"i!*te" is% to s$ the !est% 'tter o +ret onern or the in"epen"ene o the ?*"iir$.

09) 7-in+ re+r" to the oresi" !er n" te+ori! "it in 011

,*"+'ent% tin;erin+ therewith wo*!" e-i"ent!$ h-e the potenti! o

o'pro'isin+ with stn"r"s whih 011 ,*"+'ent so*+ht to hie-e%

n$% so He!o*s!$ so*+ht to se*re. Th*s% we ho!" tht Setion 913(8)()

n" () re in-!i" s these pro-isions s*er ro' s'e -ie. 2i;ewise%

Setion 9(8) s wor"e"% pro-i"in+ or *!iitions o tehni!

Me'#ers% is !so he!" to #e in-!i". For ppoint'ent o tehni!

Me'#ers to the NC2T% "iretions ontine" in s*#>pr (ii)% (iii)% (i-)% (-)

o pr 01 o 011 ,*"+'ent wi!! h-e to #e sr*p*!o*s!$ o!!owe" n"

these orretions re re*ire" to #e '"e in Setion 913(8) to set ri+ht

the "eets ontine" therein. 6e or"er or"in+!$% whi!e "isposin+ o

iss*e No.0.

ISSUE NO.3

04) This iss*e pertins to the onstit*tion o Se!etion Co''ittee or

se!etin+ the Me'#ers o NC2T n" NC2AT. Pro-ision in this respet is

ontine" in Setion 90 o the At% 018. S*#>setion (0) thereo

pro-i"es or the Se!etion Co''ittee onsistin+ o<

(a) Chie ?*stie o In"i or his no'inee>Chirperson

(b) senior ?*"+e o the S*pre'e Co*rt or Chie ?*stie o 7i+h Co*rtK

Me'#er


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(c ) Seretr$ in the Ministr$ o Corporte AirsKMe'#er

(d ) Seretr$ in the Ministr$ o 2w n" ?*stieKMe'#er n" (e) Seretr$

in the Deprt'ent o Finni! Ser-ies in the Ministr$ o FinneK

Me'#er.

Pro-ision in this #eh! whih ws ontine" in Setion 1F% -!i"it$

thereo ws *estione" in 011 ,*"+'ent% ws to the o!!owin+ eet<

=10F;. S$%!" C!**%$$


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(iii) Now% ro' #oth the Ministries% n'e!$ ro' the Ministr$ o

Corporte Airs s we!! s Ministr$ o Finne% one Me'#er eh is

in!*"e". Eet o this o'position is to ';e it i-e 'e'#ers

Se!etion Co''ittee whih ws not o*n" to #e -!i" in 011 ,*"+'ent.

Reson is si'p!e% o*t o these i-e Me'#ers% three re ro' the

"'inistrti-e #rnh#*re*r$ s +inst two ro' ,*"iir$ whih

wi!! res*!t in pre"o'innt s$ o the 'e'#ers #e!on+in+ to the

"'inistrti-e #rnh% is sit*tion tht ws speii!!$ "i-erte" ro'.

The o'position o Se!etion Co''ittee ontine" in Setion 90(0) o

the At% 018 is so*+ht to #e ,*stiie" #$ the respon"ents #$ r+*in+ tht

the reo''en"e" o'position in the 011 ,*"+'ent ws in #ro"

ter's. It is r+*e" tht in -iew o s*#s*'in+ o BIFR n" AAIFR whih

re in the "'inistrti-e ,*ris"ition o Deprt'ent o Finni! Ser-ies%

Seretr$ DFS hs #een in!*"e". No stin+ -ote hs #een pro-i"e"

or the Chir'n s o-er the perio" o ti'e the se!etion proesses in

s*h o''ittees h-e r$st!!iHe" in 'nner tht the

reo''en"tions h-e #een *nni'o*s n" there is no instne o

-otin+ in s*h o''ittees in Ministr$ o Corporte Airs. Moreo-er

other si'i!r stt*tor$ #o"iestri#*n!s !so "o not pro-i"e or /stin+

-ote/ to Chirperson o Se!etion Co''ittee. F*rther% the Co''ittee wi!!

#e "ei"in+ its own 'o"!ities s pro-i"e" in the At. The o!!owin+

r+*'ent is !so rise" to ,*sti$ this pro-ision< (i) Ro#*st n" he!th$


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#e "one w$ with. It ws !so r+*e" tht power +i-en to the Centr!

@o-ern'ent to onstit*te the Benhes is +in i'per'issi#!e s s*h

power sho*!" rest with Presi"ent% NC2T or Chir'n% NC2AT. 7owe-er%

we hr"!$ in" n$ !e+! stren+th in these r+*'ents. 6e h-e to ;eep

in 'in" tht these pro-isions re ontine" in stt*te ente" #$ the

Pr!i'ent n" the petitioner o*!" not point o*t s to how s*h

pro-isions re *nonstit*tion!.

81) The *pshot o the oresi" "is*ssion is to !!ow this writ petition prt!$%

in the 'nner 'entione" #o-e.

8) Beore we prt% we '*st 'ention tht the i"-it "te" 1G.14.014 is

i!e" on #eh! o the respon"ents 'entionin+ therein the steps tht h-e

#een t;en ti!! "te towr"s settin+ *p o NC2T n" NC2AT. It is pointe"

o*t tht the ppro-! or retion o one post o Chirperson n" i-e

posts o Me'#ers o NC2AT s we!! s one post o Presi"ent n" 50

posts o Me'#ers o NC2T n" two posts o Re+istrr one eh or

NC2T n" NC2AT n" one post o Seretr$% NC2T ws o#tine" n"

the ppro-! ws !so o#tine" or retion o 095 posts o s*pportin+

st o NC2T n" NC2AT. It is !so 'entione" tht o!!owin+ "rt R*!es

h-e !re"$ #een prepre" in ons*!ttion with the 2e+is!ti-e

Deprt'ent% Ministr$ o 2w< (i) NC2AT (S!ries% A!!ownes n" other

ter's n" on"itions o ser-ie o the Chirperson n" other Me'#ers)

R*!es% 019% (ii) NC2T (S!r$% A!!ownes n" other Ter's n"


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Con"itions o Ser-ie o Presi"ent n" other Me'#ers) R*!es% 018.

Drt Rer*it'ent R*!es or the s*pportin+ st were !so prepre" in

ons*!ttion with 2e+is!ti-e Deprt'ent% Ministr$ o 2w. It is *rther

'entione" tht "rt R*!es with re+r" to 'nner o *ntionin+ o

NC2TNC2AT et. were prepre" in or"er to p!e the' #eore the

ChirpersonPresi"ent o NC2ATNC2T on their ppoint'ent or

in!iHtion s per the pro-isions o the Co'pnies At% 018. These

R*!es o-er pro-isions with re+r" to 'nner o *ntionin+ o

NC2TNC2AT 'nner in whih pp!itions or -rio*s ppro-!s sh!!

#e '"e #$ pp!ints n" ppro-e" n" speii proe"*r!

re*ire'ents with re+r" to pp!itions'tters re!tin+ to

o'pro'isesrrn+e'ents '!+'tions pre-ention o oppression

n" 'is'n+e'ent re-i-! n" reh#i!ittion o si; o'pnies

win"in+ *p n" other 'ise!!neo*s re*ire'ents. Spe or Prinip!

Benh n" other Benhes o NC2T% in!*"in+ spei! Benh t De!hi to

"e! with trnserre" ses o BIFR n" AAIFR h" !so #een i"entiie".

Proess initite" or rentin+ spe in so'e !otions% whih ws

"isontin*e" in -iew o the pen"in+ petition% n #e restrte" t short

notie. B*"+et he"s h-e #een rete" or 'eetin+ the e:pen"it*re or

NC2T n" NC2AT. A!!ote" *n"s or 019>014 h" to #e s*rren"ere"

in -iew o the "e!$ in sett!in+ *p the Tri#*n!s.

80) Fro' the oresi"% it see's the on!$ step whih is !et to ';e NC2T


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n" NC2AT *ntion! is to ppoint Presi"ent n" Me'#ers o NC2T n"

Chirperson n" Me'#ers o NC2AT.

88) Sine% the *ntionin+ o NC2T n" NC2AT hs not strte" so r n" its

hi+h ti'e tht these Tri#*n!s strt *ntionin+ now% we hope tht the

respon"ents sh!! t;e re'e"i! 'es*res s per the "iretions

ontine" in this ,*"+'ent t the er!iest% so tht the NC2T & NC2AT re

"e*te!$ 'nne" n" strt *ntionin+ in ner *t*re.

89) 6rit petition stn"s "ispose" o in the oresi" 'nner.

.............................................CJI.(H.L. DATTU)

.............................................J.(A.K. SIKRI)

.............................................J.(ARUN MISHRA)

.............................................J.(ROHINTON FALI NARIMAN)

.............................................J.(AMITAVA RO=)

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