M7.2 VAN, TURKEY EARTHQUAKE (with epicenter in Tabanli) PART 1: DAMAGE AND INITIAL SEARCH AND RESCUE Dr. Walter Hays Global Alliance For Disaster Reduction THE TECTONIC SETTING DIFFERENT FROM THAT OF THE 1999 KOCALEI EARTHQUAKE OCCURRENCE IN A CONTINENTAL COLLISION ZONE 1:41 PM (6:41 AM EDT) EPICENTER: TABANLI (10 KM FROM VAN CITY) OCTOBER 23, 2011 LOCATION A REVERSE FAULT A REVERSE FAULT WITH A SHALLOW FOCAL DEPTH THE DEPTH OF THE EARTHQUAKE WAS RELATIVELY SHALLOW [(20 KM (12 MI)] AND, THEREFORE, MORE DESTRUCTIVE THE PROBLEM: BUILDING INVENTORY IS VULNERABLE TO GROUND SHAKING H undreds of thousands of soft-storey buildings having the same height and construction materials exist throughout Turkey. PRELIMINARY DAMAGE REPORTS Tabanli,Van, and Ercis hit hard Many COLLAPSED BUILDINGS WITH TRAPPED SURVIVORS POSSIBLY 1,000 DEAD URGENT NEED FOR MEDICS THE SITUATION REQUIRED URGENT SEARCH AND RESCUE OPERATIONS IN TIMES LIKE THESE,YOU HAVE TO USE THE EXISTING RESOURCES SEARCH AND RESCUE IS AN URGENT OPERATION WITH A GOLDEN PERIOD OF HOURS AFTER THE GOLDEN PERIOD, THE LIKELIHOOD OF A LIVE RESCUE DECREASES RAPIDLY OCTOBER 23: ALTHOUGH HINDERED BY AFTERSHOCKS AND NIGHTFALL, THE INITIAL SEARCH AND RESCUE EFFORTS, WERE DONE BY FAMILY MEMBERS AND BYSTANDERS, PARTIAL COLLAPSEES COLLAPSE: VAN CITY ERCIS: FAMILY MEMBERS PERFORM SEARCH AND RESCUE INSTANTANEOUS SEARCH AND RESCUE EFFORTS TABANLI: BYSTANDERS PULL PEOPLE FROM THE RUBBLE BYSTANDERS PULLED PEOPLE FROM THE RUBBLE ERCIS: COLLAPSE ERCIS: SEARCH AND RESCUE TENTS BEING DISTRIBUTED BY RED CRESCENT SOCIETY ERCIS: NO POWER SEARCH AND RESCUE M7.2 VAN, TURKEY EARTHQUAKE PART 2: DAMAGE AND SEARCH AND RESCUE WITH HEAVY EQUIPMENT OCTOBER 24: URGENT SEARCH AND RESCUE EFFORTS ACCELERATED WITH USE OF HEAVY EQUIPMENT ERCIS: STANDING AND COLLAPSED BUILDINGS ERCIS: ONE CAN ONLY DO SO MUCH WITH BARE HANDS ERCIS: SEARCH AND RESCUE ERCIS: A RESCUE AS TURKEY IMPLEMENTED ITS S AND R, OFFERS OF INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE POURED IN EXAMPLES: NATO, IRAN, ISRAEL, EUROPEAN COUNTRIES, USA