H CllEPOYrA IKANOTHTA TOYPirTIKHr ANAnTY:Hr KAI H nEPIBAJ\1\0NTIKH XOPHTIKOTHTA rTHN AEICilOPIKOTHTA:

EPEYNA KAnOION AKTON TOY NOMOY MArNHriAr

E. Kouratpl')c;;

TIJJliJO MrJXOVIKWV Xwpora~fac;;, noA£Oo501JlO<; KOI ncpiq>EpEIOKrl<; Avamu~rj<;, navmiO'TrliJIO 0woaAfac;;, 38334, B6Aoc;;

E-mail: koutseris@yahoo.gr

nEPI/\H'f.'H 01 TOUPIO'TIKE<; o5pamrjpi6Tr]TE<; TTOVW oro xwpo (KaMouc;;) txouv O'TEV(] OXEOrj r6oo IJE

Tr]V f61o Tr]V EAKTIK6TrjTO TOU 600 KOI 1-JE Tr]V EVTOO(] TTOU OOKOUVTOI OTT6 TOV OV9pWTTO. 0 TTOpOKTIO<; XWpo<; K09E XWPO<; OUVKEVTPWVEI t va IJEVOAo IJEpo<; OUTWV TWV o5pOO'TrJPIO­r(]rwv. /\6yw ETOI Trj<; TTpOOIT6TrjTO<;, VEWIJOp<poAoyla<; KOI XPrlOil<;, TO rrpoJ3Ar')IJOTO KOI 01 o5uvar6Tr]TE<; OVOTTTU~rj<; ETTIJ30MOUV Tr]V OVOVK'l IJIO<; TTEpiJ3oMOVTIKrl<; op9oAOV1Krl<; o510XtlpiOr]<; TOU XWPOU. M10 TETOIO o5uvaT6Tr]TO rrpoo<pt p£1 11 OEi<popiKr') o510XEfPIO'l TOU XWPOU 11 OTTOfa EpEUVOTOI KOI IJE VEE<; EWOIE<;, 6TTW<; 11 <ptpouoa IKOV6TrjTO TOUpiO'TIKfl<; OVO­nTU~r]<; (<l>ITA) KOI 11 TTEpiJ3oMOVTIKJl XWPrJTIK6TrjTO (nX). 'Erat 0 (300IK6TEpo<; a~ovac;; TOU TOUpiO'TIKOU OXEo5100IJOU EfVOI 11 OEI<p6poc;; OVOTTTU~rj TOU TOUpiOIJOU (AA T). T PEl<; IJE90o501 EKTIIJ'lO'l<; rrpoypOIJIJOTIKwv 1JEVE9wv XPilOIIJOTTOifl911KOV oE rraAat6TEP'l tpcuva rou NOIJOU Mayvrjolac;;, YIO TllV rrpootyyiOrj Til<; nx IJE rrp6J3AE4J'l twc;; TO 2010: TO VEp6, 11 XWPrJTIK6-TrjTO OKTWV KOI 11 OT091JEUOrj. Apay£ rrwc; f.mopcf va f.J£Tpf]etf f] CI>ITA O'Tr]V nX Kat va aup{3aAAc1 ac f.Jta KaMm:pfJ M T; To rrap6v ap9po IJE KOTTOIO rrapao5EIVIJO arr6 rrporjyou­IJEVrJ tpcuva ATT au1JJ3CIAEI rrpwra oro va yfvouv Karavollrt c;; 01 rraparrovw tw01t<; IJE ro va Ep£UVf)9Ef 11 n X EK vt ou KOI KOAUTEpa, TTOU we;; OlOIXEfO a<popo Tf) <l> ITA O'Tr]V OEi<popiK6TrjTO. Kara o5£UTEPO Eq>OpiJO~OVTo<; VEE<; IJETpflG£1<; KOI tva OEVOpiO OUIJJ30AEI OTO va OW0£1 ETOI KOAUTEPE<; rrpoT00£1<; AAT TOU rrapciKTIOU xwpou, IJE TO vta OTTOTEAtOIJOTO KOTTOIWV £niAEVIJEVWV TTEPIOXWV TOU EV Myw NOIJOU.

lli{EI!; KAEiliu!r: amp6poc; GVGTTTU{f] TOU TOUptUjJOU, qJipouaa IKGV6Tf]Ta TOUptUTIKf'/c; avc'irrru{fJ !;, rrtpl{3aAAovnKI'/ XWPTJTIKOTf/TG, ptytaTT] 1Kav6rf]ra qJ6pTiaf]c; cmaKcrrrwv.

1. ElrArnrH H EAAE14Jrj XWpoTO~IKOU KOI OVOTTTU~IOKOU OXEOIOOIJOU, TTOpO T'lV TTOpOOOOIOKO TOUpi­

O'TIKrl EAKTIK6TilTO KOTTOIWV TTEPIOXWV OE OUVo5UOOIJO IJE Tr]V UTTEPEKTliJr]Oil TWV TOUplaTIKWV o5UVOTOT(]TWV TOU<; KOI Tr]V UTTOEKTIIJrjO'f) - rl O'TptJ3Afl EKTliJrJO'l- TWV AOITTWV TTOpoywyiKWV o5pooT'lPior(]rwv, KoAu<p9rJKE ro rtAe:urofa xp6v1o or11v EMaoo orr6 IJIO ot1pa vtwv rrpo­VPOIJIJOTWV KOI tpcuvwv. Toura rrpo61oyp6<pouv ra 6p1o rrAtov, 6rrwc;; tfvm KOI 11 <PITA IJE Tl<; TTPOOTTTIKE<; E~EAI~rj<; KOI KUplw<; TEKIJrJPIWVOUV Trj J3E(3011l TTpOOTTTIKrl o51l1J10Upyfo<; fl/KOI OVOo5EI~'l<; OUVKEKpiiJEVWV rrpo(3Af)IJOTWV KOI m:piOpiOIJWV. 0 TTOpOKTIO<; XWPO<; TOU NOIJOU MoyVIlOfO<; ElVOI tvoc;; EUOi091lTO<; XWPO<; EVTOVIl<; o5paO'TilP10TilTO<; KOI 61o<p6pwv TTIEOEWV OVOTTTU~rj<;, 'l E~EAI~Il TOU OTTOiou O'TilPlX91lKE, EV TTOMOI<;, OT'lV "ruxoio" o5IOOIKOOIO OVOTTTU­~11<; - (30010'1JEVIl<; OTI<; KOTO KOipOU<; OVOTTTU~IOKE<; OUyKupfE<; KOI KOT£U9UVOEI<;- TTOU XOPO­KTrjpl~£1 TO ouvoAo CYXEOOV TOU TTOpOKTIOU, KOI OXI 1J6VOV, xwpou Til<; EAMo5ac;, IJE KUpiO XOPOKTilPIOTIKO Tr]V OTTOUO!O Trj<; rrpoypOIJIJOTIOIJEV'l<;, rrpooavaroAIO'IJEVIl<; KOI KUpfw<; oxto5iOOIJEVrJ<; olao51Kaofac;; avamu~ll<; (navemCYT(]IJIO 0EaooAfac;;, 1997 KOI 2001 . KouroE­p(]c;;, 2005 KOI 2005a, LIFE, 2000, Koutseris et al, 2007).

0 tut9v(]c;; OpyaviOIJ6<; ToupiOIJOU (WTO) 61orurrwoE (3t(3ma tva OKETTTIKIOIJ6 y1o TrJV OVOVKOI6TilTO Til<; <l>ITA KOI IJ IO Oo5UV01JiO KOTOV6r]Orj<; Trj<; OKOTTIIJ6Tr]TO<; Til<; O'TOV E9VIK6

npaKTIKt.'J ~ navcMI}VIOU ruvc6plou noAcooopia~. Xwpora{la~ KGI ncptq>tpttGKI'/~ Avt.'JTTTU{fl~ 881 Emptllcta tKC50Uf1~: B. Kor(api.'Jvfl~. A. KouyKollo~. H. Mrrcptaro~. Ll. 0tKOV6pou, r. ncrpaKO~ SET 978-960-8029-94-1, ISBN 978-960-8029-93-4

npaKTIKti 2"" navcMtjv1ou r uvc6plou no.'.co<5o1Jiat;, Xwpora{lat; Kal ncpupcpclaKtjt; Avamu('lt;. T61Jat; II

OX£6IOOIJ6. ruorr'}V£1 6£ OTO IJEMJ TOU 1TJV avayvtiJpiOrJ TrJ~ q>UOrJ~ TrJ~ <PITA oav 6UVOIJ1Kr'} KOI OTTOKA£1£1 TrJV OTTOyOp£UTIKr') TTOAITIKr'} (naprraipr)~. 1992). Ev TOUTOI~ rJ TOUpiOTIKr') OVCITTTU~rJ KOI OEiq>OpiKr'} £~£16fK£UOrJ TrJ~ KOTEX£1 1Jt0 OAOEVO KOI OU~OV61JEVrJ J3apUTrJTO OTI~ £p£UV£~ KOI IJE.\tTE~ TOU NOIJOU Mayvr)ofa~. H OKIOypaq>r)OrJ TWV 6UVOT0Tr'}TWV KOI TTEpiOpi­OIJWV TWV ETTi IJEpou~ TT£piOXWV TrJ~ TTOpOKTIO~ <wvr)~ TOU NOIJOU MayVr)OiO~ 80 IJTTOpoUO"E va rrpo£,\9£1 IJE TrJV XPr'IOrJ TrJ~ EWOIO~ TrJ~ <PITA. KOI a· OTTOKa.\uq>S£1 TTOpaKOTW 6TI Myw TrJ~ TTOIKIAiO~ KOI IJETOj3ArJT6TrJTO~ 1TJ~ YEWIJOpq>o.\oyfa~ KOI TrJ~ OOUIJIJETPrJ~ OVOTTTU~rJ~ TWV TTEPIOXWV UTTOOoXr')~ ETTIO"KETTTWV, rJ <PITA 151aq>apOTTOIEfTOI OrJIJOVTIKO EfT£, W~ npo~ TrJV xwprJTIK6TrJTO OKTWv tiT£, w~ npo~ TrJV mapK£10 a£ vtp6 tiT£, T£.\o~ w~ rrpo~ TrJV 15I09£­m1J6TrJTO XWPWV OT091JEUO"rJ~ (Jurecic, 2005, LIFE, 2000).

"Eva TTOp61JOIO Ep£UVr)TIK6 rrp6ypOIJIJO EKTTOV(}9r)KE OTT6 TO TIJ(}IJO MrJXOVIKWV XwpOTO· ~~0~ KOI ntplq>£p£10Kr'}~ AVOTTTU~rJ~ TOU navETTIOTr'}IJIOU 0£00"0.\fa~ O"TO TT.\OfO"IO TOU KOIVOTI· Kou npoypOIJIJOTo~ LIFE96ENV/GR/580-"n.\rJpoq>6prJOrJ KOI ouvaivtorJ, rrpoilrro9to£1~ y1a TrJV OE1Cp6po I510X£ip10rJ TWV OKTWV TOU N. Mayvr)oim;". rKOTT6~ TOU tpyou r')TOV 0 XWpoTO~I­K6~ OXEI5IOOIJ6~ TOUpiOTIKr')~ OVOTTTU~rJ~ TWV TTOpOKTIWV TTEPIOXWV TOU VOIJOU MayVrJOiO~. Tp£1~ 1JE9ol5ol EKTIIJrJOrJ~ npoypaiJIJOTIKWV 1J£Yt9wv XPrJOIIJOTTolr'}9rJKOV y1a TrJV rrpootyylorJ TrJ~ nX KOI TrJ~ <PITA TOU EV Myw VOIJOU IJE rrp6j3AEljirJ tw~ TO 2010: Ntp6, XWPrJTIK6TrJTO OKTWV KOI OT091JEUOrJ. rTo TTOp6V yfVETOI £TTITTp609£TO TTpWTO IJIO TTpo~ TO KOAUTEpo, 9EWprJTIK(} 61£p£uVrJOrJ TrJ~ nX TTOU W~ OTOIX£io Oq>OpO, TrJ <PITA OTrJV 0£1q>OpiK6TrJTO. KaT6TTIV OKOAOU9£f IJIO j3£ATIWIJEVrJ KOI O"UVOTTTIKr'} rrapouofOOrJ IJtTprJOrJ~, IJE TrJ IJtYIOTrJ IKOV6TrJTO q>6pTIOrJ~ ETTIOKETTTWV (MI<l>E) VIO TOV UTTOAOVIOIJ6 1TJ~ <PITA TOU rrapOKTIOU XWPOU KOTTOIWV OKTWV TrJ~ MayVr)OiO~, IJE KpiTr'}piO Tr)V KOTOMrJMTrJTO KOI TrJV Wq>£AIIJ6TrJ­TO OTrJ XWPrJTIK6TrJTO TWV OKTWV, TrJV ETTOpK£10 TWV uMTWV KOI TrJ OT091JEUOrJ. H EI5W tp£UVO KOTO.\r')y£1, OTrJ <PITA OTrJV EV Myw TT£piOXr') KOI OTrJV EK TTEpiTporrr')~ OVOKUKArJOrJ TWV AOUOIJEVWV KOI TEAO~ OTTOTUTTWVOVTOI TO vta OTTOTEAEOIJOTO YIO TrJV AA T TrJ~ (Dragicevic, 1990 KOI Koumtp(}~ oro LIFE, 2000, KEKANAM, 2001 , Loukissas et al, 2002, KouTotpr'}~. 2006, Koutseris et al , 2007).

2. H nEPIBAMONTIKH XOPHTIKOTHTA KAI H <J>EPOYIA IKANOTHTA TOYPIITIKHI ANAnTY:HI ITHN AEI<J>OPIKOTHT A

H EWOIO TrJ~ q>EpoUO"O~ IKOVOTT)TO~ (carrying capacity) EKq>p0<£1 OTO XWpoTO~IKO OXE610-0IJ6 TrJV OIKIOTIKr'} XWPrJTIK6TrJTO (settlement capacity), l5rJ.\OI5r') TOV Op191J6 TWV 1JOV06WV KOTOIKfO~ TTOU IJTTOpouv VO XWpo9ETrJ90UV XWPi~ TTpoj3.\r')IJOTO 0£ IJIO TT,\r')prJ EKIJETOMEUOrJ tv6~ xwpoTa~IKou oxtl51ou. Mt aMa My1a, EKq>pa<tl TrJ 15uvar6TrJTO tv6~ ap191Jou KOTOiKwv OVO T£TPOYWVIK6 IJETpO 150IJrJIJEVrJ~ ETTiq>OVEIO~ 01 OTTOIOI OOKWVTO~ KOTTOI£~ 6paOTrJpi6TrJTE~ aMOIWVOUV TO TT£plj30MOV. t.16T1 av acpopolia£ IJOVO, OVE~OpTrJTO TOU av9pWTTOU, KOTTOIO q>UOIK6 OUOTrJIJO T6T£ 90 UTTOOTrJP1<6TOV 6TI «rJ q>tpouoa IKOV6TrJTO (K) EVO~ OUOTr'}IJOTO~ EfVOI rJ 9£WprJTIKr'} IJEYIOTrJ TTUKV6Tr)TO TTOU IJTTOpti VO UTTOq>tp£1». KaTO OUVETT£10 6TOV TO q>UOIKO XOPOKTrJpiOTIKO (tl5acpo~, K.\fiJO KATT.) OE OUVOpTrJOrJ IJE Tl~ TEXVIKE~ KOI OIKOVOIJIKE~ UTTOI501JE~, O~IOTTOirJ90UV KOI £KTI1JrJ90UV OWOTO, 6UVOVTOI VO OU1Jj30MOUV tiT£, Y£VIKO OTrJ xwpoa£1q>Op1Kr'} OVOTTTU~rJ IJIO~ TTEPIOX(}~ EfT£ £1151KO OTrJV AA T TTOU oxtri<ETOI TO rrap6v ap9po (Odum, 1993, Harris, 1997:7 oro LIFE, 2000 KOI Kouratpr'}~. 2006).

AuTr') rJ IJEVIOTrJ rruKv6TrJTO OTrJV 01Ko.\oyia IJTTOp£1 va acpopa ~EXWPIOTO ti6rJ, j310KOIVW­vl£~ KOI OUVOAIKr'} j3IOIJO<a (15£iKTrJ~ TTOOOTrJTO~ av9paKO~) OTO OVWT£p0 ETTITT£60 £V6~ cpumKou ouarr')IJOTO~. AAM tivm EVTEAW~ 61aq>apETIK6 6rav IJTTOP£1 va acpopa KOI TrJV XWPrJ­TIK6TrJTO-KOpEaiJ6 OTTO Ov9pWTTIV£~ 15paOTrJp16TrJTE~. tor).\al5r') rJ <PITA, TTpoKUTTTEI OTT' TrJ 6uvar6TrJTO TrJ~ TTEpiOX(}~ VO 15£X9EI (urroq>tp£1) tvav OVWTOTO api91J6 TOUPIOTWV aMa, OUT6 15£V IJTTOpti VO TTEplopl<tTOI KOI OTO «6p10 TrJ~ TOUpiOTIKr'}~ OVOTTTU~rJ~ TTOU IJTTOp£1 VO 15£X9£f rJ TOTTIK(} KOIVWVIK(}, OIKOVOIJIKr') , TT£plj30MOVTIK(} KOI TTOAITIOTIK(} /50IJ(} IJIO~ TTEPIOX(}~», 6TTW~ UTTOOTrJpl<ouv 01 TaapTa~ (1996) KOI naprraiprJ~ (1992 OTO LIFE, 2000). EKT6~ KOI OV OTO TT.\01010 TrJ~ OEicpOpoU OVOmU~rJ~, rJ q>EpoUOO IKOV6TrJTO IJTTOptf VO IJtTOq>pa<ETOI KOI oav rJ 6uvaT6TrJTO IJIO~ ytwypaq>IKr'}~ mp1ox(}~ va £YKOTOj31wvouv IJ6VIIJO av8pwmvo1

882

Ixc(),aa1J6t; Kal avamu{fJ cJ.cUfJcpou xp6vou: noJ.ma1J6t;-TouplaiJ6t;-A9J.fJTICJIJ6t;

TTAf19UO~Oi TTOU OOKOUV 6pOOTflpr6Tf1Ttc; XWpic; VO UTTOi3a9~f<trar f1 6rar~pf10fl TWV TOTTIKWV OrKOOUOTfl~clTWV (av9pWTTfVWV KOr <pUOrKWV) TWV ~OKPOXp6VrO. 0TTW<; 6TOV OVO<ptp£Tar KOV£1<; OTO XWpo ~rae; ntpr<ptptra<; 0 OTTOiO<; UTTOTI9trar 6TI 6£V £TTflp£a<nar OTT6 £~WY£V£1<; TTOpdyOVTtc; (aKpafa UTT69£0fl OTO ~trpo TTOU TTOpclYOVT£<; 6TTW<; TO KAf~a ~ /Kar TO KOTOVO­AWTIKO aya9a 6tv tivar tAty~r~or) Kar tmxtrpEirar xwprKa va uno..\oyrortl, nx .. 11 XWPflTIK6-TflTO TOU £pyOTIKOU 6uva~rKOU ~ 11 XWPf1TrK6TflTO 6rarpo<p~<;. T6T£ yfV£TOr OUOrOOTI Kcl TTpo­OTT09EIO VO EAEYX9£i f1 ~tyrOTfl rKOV6TflTO r')/KOI f1 6uvaT6TflTO OTTOOX6..\f10fl<; ~ f1 OTT06orr­K6Tf1TO Tfl<; mprox~c; avrrcrrolxwc; (lsenberg,1966 Kar llpdyKo<;, 1990 aro LIFE, 2000).

Apa crt oxto11 ~E TflV rouprorrK~ avanTU~fl. 11 <ptpoucra rKav6TflTO opl<trar we; o apr9~6c; TWV XPflOTWV TTOU ~nopEf VO 6EXT£1 K09E TOUpiOTIK~ TOTT09EOIO ~ra 6t60~EVfl OTIY~~ XWPi<; ~6vr~f1 mprpaMOVTIK~ UTTOi309~rOfl, E~OO'<pOAI<ovro<; tV ytv£r TTOpO,\,\fl..\0 0'£ ~ro TOTTIK~ KOIVWViO, EVO TOUprOTrK6 O£r<poprK6 oxt6ro ~10<; £UpUT£pfl<; mprox~c;. KOTO O'UVETT£10 f1 XP~O'fl oxni<£Tar npwricrrwc; ~£ opro~tvouc; a~i£<; KOI Tflv npoorooia roue; ~ TflV tuoro9flola ~rae; wpurtpflc; mprox~c; va 6tX9ti mtcrtr<; Kar nou E~aprarar an6 opro~tvouc; mpri3a..\­..\ovrrKouc; napdyovn:c;. Evw 11 <!>ITA mm..\tov Tfl<; rrpooracrlac; «torra<tr Kar aro or6xo rou O'£i300'~0U KclTTOrWV mprpaMovTrKWV opiwv rouprOTrK~<; OVOTTTU~fl<; ~10<; TTEpiOX~<; TTOU Ka9opl<ouv TflV 'rKav6rf1rd' Tfl<; ~aKpoxp6vra 6rar~pf10fl<;» (KoKKWO'fl<; 1998 oro LIFE 2000). 'Ercrr Er6rK6T£pO 11 <!>ITA £~aprarar an6 TTEVT£ KOTI'WOpi£<; OUAWV Kar UArKWV napay6-VTWV. To TTOpOV £OTra<£Tar OTflV nX KOr OTO <pUOIKO XOPOKTflprO'TrKcl TOU <pUOrKOU TT£pri36..\­AOVTO<; (navmror~~ro 0wcra..\lac;, 2001 , LIFE, 2000, YnEXME, 2001 KOI Jurecic, 2005):

9EO~lK6 n J..aiOIO Kat Tqvuct~ uxooo~~

1

Ixft~a 1. napayovrtc; TTOU Enflpta<ouv TflV <l>tpouoa IKOV6T1'!TO ToupiOTIK~c; AVOTTTU~fl<; (<l>ITA). nrw~: 1\ouKicrcra<; OTO LIFE, 2000.

• ncpt{Jalt~IOVTIKOf rrapayOVTf:~. H <!>ITA ~rae; TOTT09£oiac; E~OpTOTOI OTT6 TflV £,\KTIK6TflTO, ro pa9~6 mprPaMovrrK~c; waraa,aiac; Kar nc; mrmwcrtrc; oro orKOO'UO'Tfl~O Tfl<; an6 rov av9pwno. E6w ~nopouv va npoort9ouv. we; Kpm)pra Kar ra 6pra rwv <puorKwv n t pro­prorrKwv napay6vrwv 6rrwc;. tKTOOfl rwv napa..\fwv, arro6£KT~ nuKv6TflTO ,\ouo~tvwv OTflV TTOpa..\fa, apr9~6<; £TTIO'K£TTTWV ~ TTUKV6TflTO AOUO~EVWV OVO TTEPIOX~ (xwpo­KOTOVO~~- XPOVOKOTOVO~~). TTpoO'rT6TflTO OKTWV, 6uvar6TflTO OT09~EUO'fl<; TTAflO'IOV TWV OKTWV ~ OK6~fl KOI f1 ETIOpK£10 uMTrVWV TT6pwv (noroTrK6 Kar TTOO'OTrKO) YIO u6pEUOfl .

• [uprr£ptcpopa KOI rrpOTIJ.ltJO'E:I~ TWV XPf/O'TWV-TOUptOTWV (a~f£<;, TTp00'60Kf£<; KOI TTpOTr~~O'EI<; ~ f1 TTUKV6TflTO TOUprOTWV, KorVWVrK~-4JUXO,\oyrK~ <l>JTA).

• KOtVWVIKtJ XWPf'ITIK6Tf'ITO, TT.X. TTpoTI~~Otr<; TOU TOTTIKOU TTAf19UO'~OU KOI or6xor OIKOVO­~rK~<; 6raxtiprofl<;, au~<ptpovra (KorvwvrKr'}/OrKovo~rK~ <!>ITA).

• TE:XVIKtJ Kat KOIVWVIKtJ UrrOOOJ.ltJ, TT.X. EYKOTOOTOO'Er<;, 6iKTUO, £~UTTflp£T~O'£r<; KUpr£<; ~ / KOI O'U~TT,\flpW~OTIKE<;.

• 2r6xot otOX£fptOf'l~ a£ ouvouaop6 JJ£ To 8£0JJtK6 rri.afoto, ra pt.Tpa Kat TO K6oTo~ OtOX£1-ptOf'l~. n.x. 11 t<pap~oy~ tv6c; oxt6iou 6rax£1profl<; ~nop£i va au~~otr Tfl <!>ITA.

883

npaKTIKCr 2"" n av£Mt'IVIOU Fwc()plou n oAcOOoiJiat;, Xwpora{lot; KOI n cpl<pCpCiaKIIt; Ava"ru{l)t;-TOIJ~ II

Ma,\1010 OTT6 HJV £161K() ava,\UOTJ TTJ<; tptuvac; TOU LIFE 2000 ouvaytTOI 6TI 01 napaiJETpol n X, 6n w<; Tj tptuva TWV OKTWV, Tj TTpoOlOOiO TTJ<; TTOpaXEIIJapptiO<; TTEpiOX()<;, Tj XPI'!OTJ VTJ<;, 01 ETTIKOIVWViE<; (IJOVOTTana), 11 TTpoOIT6TT]TO KOI 11 TTpoOTTE,\OOIIJ6TI1TO Ka9t rono9toiac;. tivm OI11JOVriKoi (Kourotp()c; aro LIFE, 2000).

3. H METPHI:H THI: EKT AI: HI: T!lN AKT!lN ME KPITHPIA KAT AA/\H/\OTHT AI:­!l<I>E/\IMOTHT AI:, H EnAPKEIA NEPOY KAI H H A0MEYI:H KAnOI!lN AKT!lN TOY NOMOY MArNHI:IAI:

lUOTIIOlW9TJKE TTOpanavw 6TI TJ n X E~Opraral KUpiw<; OTT6 r11 KOIVWVIK() XWPTJT1K6r11r0 KOI TO <pUOIKa XOPOKTTJPIOliKa rou Ka9E TTEpl~aMovro<; KOI Tl1<; Ka9£ TOTT09£ofa<;. H 'ruxafa' avamu~11 rou roupiOIJOU KOI aMt<; 6pa0li1P16ri1TE<; TTpo09EOOV£ n oMa npoi3Ml1JOra, 0£ Ka9t napaKTIO <wv11 OTT)V EM66a. Aura EVTOTTI<ovrOI, yupw OTT6 rov K090pi01J6 rwv OKTWV 01 OTTO[£<; KOTEXOUV r6oo IJIO TT£p10pi01JEVI1 EKT0011 KOI IJETO~aM61JEVI1<; ETI10fW<; IJOp<p() 600 KOI IJIO £,\KriK6rTjTO npoorrt,\OOfl<; 11 OTTOfa TTp6o9EOE TTOpOVOIJE<; npo~,\()T£<;, TTP6XEIPE<; KOI XWPf<; UVEIOVOIJIK6 £,\EVXO KOTOOKEUt<;. 'ErOI Ka9t r6oo OUOOWptUOVTOI VEO npo~,\I')IJaro xpl')orJ<;, nou K081arouv 1JtyaMrtpl1 rl')v avayKm6rl')ra rrJ<; AA T n poc; IJIO KQ,\Ur tpl1 610XtfpiOTJ TWV 1')611 KEKOpEOIJEVWV OKrtiJv OTT6 60IJI')OEI<; KOI KOpE01J6 ,\OUOIJtVWV.

r ro nop6v unoKt<pa,\olo yivtro1 tmnp6o9tra tvoc; Ko,\urtpo<; ·-= TTp006IOPIOIJ6<; rWV TpiWV npoypaiJIJOriKWV IJEV£9WV, TTOU

E~ETOo911KOV KOI Oli1V TTpol1yOUIJEVI'j tptuVO 161ofr£p0 61JW<;, OTTJV EKT0011 rWV OKrWV KOI Oll'j XWPTJTIK6TTjrO roue; (IJI')KO<;­TTMro<;) W<; npo<; ri')V KOTOMI1MTI')TO TOU<; KOI HJV W<p£,\i 1J6rT)rO roue; OUIJ13aMOVTO<; t r01, T600 a' EVOV KOMrt po TTp00610piOIJ6 rT)<; <l>ITA 600 KOI <p96vovra<; 0£ KaTTOIOU<; Op191JOU<; ar61JWV (a) Ml<l>E rwv oKrtiJv. Oc; uno6tiVIJOr1Kt<; mp1oxtc;. 9twpo(JVTOI TPEI<; 6~1JOI : tva<; TTE61V6<; KOI TT,\Tjoiov TWV 061KWV 0~6VWV rou 6~1JOU I:oupnfl<;, EVO<; Op£1V6<; TOU 61')1JOU Mouptoiou KOI EVO<; Vf101Wr1K6<; TOU 6 1')1JOU I:KI090U (LIFE, 2000). npwra E~tra-09f1KE OTT6 6opu<popiKE<; EIK6VE<; TOU ovay,\u<pOU KOI XOPTE<; l'j tm<p6vtla rwv Kar6Mf1,\wv aKrwv y1o KOMIJI3rJOfl , at oxtof11JE TO OUVO,\IK6 IJI')KO<; TWV OKTWV TWV UTT6 E~trOOfl UTT06£1V­IJOriKWV mp1oxwv, we; npwrr1 npootyylofl (nivoKa<; 1 ). Kar6-

mv Eq>Op1J6<tr01 l'j OUVKPIOI'j TWV TTOpanavw 6EOOIJEVWV IJE IJIO VEO ETTIT6TTIO tpEUVO TTOU EIJ<pavi<tral Olfl ouvtxc1a.

n ivaKa<; 1. npWTI1 npootyyiOI'j. H xaproypa<pl~ tpEUVO KOTOMI1MTI1rO<; OKTWV.

6HMOI I:uvo,\1K6 IJI')Ko<; OKTWV Em<pOV£10 KaraMf1,\wv OKrwv

6()1JO<; I:K168ou 44 .0 km 105000 m2

6()1JO<; Mouptoiou 13.5 km 94000 m'

6r]Jo< roupnfl< 34 .0 km 32000 m'

I:TOV TTOpOTTOVW niVOKO 1 TTOpOTflptiTOI 6TI r11 IJEVOMTEPfl ETTI<pOV£10 KOTtX£1 0 61')1JO<; I:Kia9ou, OKO,\ou9ti 0 61')1JO<; Mouptoiou KOI rt,\o<; 0 61')1JO<; I:oupTTfl<;. H 1610 OEipa 6tv IOXU£1 KOI OlO IJI')Ko<; rwv OKTWV 61611 VOl IJEV TTpol'jytfTOI na,\1 0 61')1JO<; I:Kia9ou aMa OKO,\ou9£1 0 61')1JO<; I:OUPTTI1<; KOI IJETa 0 61')1JO<; MoupEOIOU. I:TOV TTOpOKOTW 61JW<; TTiVOKO , Oll'j XWPI'JTIK6TI')TO rwv OT61JWV, l'j Otlpa TTOU OKO,\ou9EfTOI tfVOI 6TTW<; TTpiV (l3i\tTTE ETT61JEVO nlvOKO 2.). Orav ~t~OIO ova TTEPIOXI'! uno,\oyi<ETOIIJE IJIO IJtOI'j OTTOITOUIJEVI'j ova ,\ou61JEVO ETII<p6V£10 rl')<; ~113,\loypo<pia<; (5m2, nopnolpfl<; 1992) 6TTW<; l'j XWPI'JTIK6rl'jrO ,\OUOIJEVWV OE IJIO tiJpa OIXIJI')<; (XWPf<; VO ,\01Jf3av£rOI UTT6ljJI1 f1 EK TTEPITpOTT()<; OVOKUKi\flOfl TWV ,\OUOIJEVWV, 0 TTp00610piOIJ6<; HJ<; OTTOfO<; OTTOITEf tnfTTOV£<;, xpovo~pE<; KOI UljJfl,\OU K6orou<; IJETpi')0£1<; OV KOI 90 yiVEI nopoKaTW UTT06EIVIJOTIKO). Av ovrf rwv 5 m2 ova ,\ou6-

884

[X£6IOOJ16~ KOI avamu(fl £},£(J9cpou XpOVOU: noNTIC1Jl0~· ToUp1C1JlO~·A9AfiTIC1Jl~

IJEVo XPI10'11J01TOII19tl TO np6Tuno XWPI1TIK6TI1TO<; aKTwv Tou YnEXOt.E To 10 m2/Aou61JEVO (a), 6nwc; XPI10'11J01TOIEITOI O'TI<; E1151KE<; XWpoTO~IKE<; IJEAET£<; KOI TO KOIVOTIKa rrpoypaiJIJOTO , T6T£ TO napaKaTW O'TOIX£10 TOU lTiVOKO npfTT£1 VO 1JEIW90UV KOTCl 50% KOI 151VOUV O'UVOAIKa nc; E1T61JEVE<; TIIJE<;: 3200, 9400, 10500 aTOIJO OVTIO'TOIXO (LIFE, 2000).

ME TOV 6po «Wq>EAIIJI1 EKT00'11>> yiVETOI IJIO O'UyKp10'11 TWV napanavw 15t1501JEVWV IJE vta £1TIT61TIO EpEUVO anc; Tp£1<; U1T015£1VIJOTIKE<; lTEpiOXE<;, lTOU 1TpOEKU4JOV IJE ~a0'£1 TO 5 m2

/aTOIJO (a) (~A. KaAAiyac;·PWIJOV6<; K.a. 1973 KOI t.aaKaMK11<; 1996 O'TO LIFE, 2000). 611A015~ U1T01511AWV£TOI, 11 1510q>OpolTOil10'11 TTOU UrrapX£1 OTT6 TI1V E1TIT61TIO IJETPI10'11 KOI TI1V xapToypaq>IK~ 1JtTPI1011 (aAAa UTTOOEIKVUEI 0 xaPTI1<; KOI aAAa unapxouv O'TI1V lTPOVIJO· TIK6TI1TO, LIFE, 2000 KOI Koutseris, 2009). BAtnt m61J£VO nivaKa 3.

nivaKa<; 3. EmT6ma tpwva wq>tAIIJI1<; EKT0a11c;. Xwpi")TIK6TI"JTO (a KOI OX~IJOTO. rYN0/\0 O<l>E/\IMH EKTArH (m~) XOPHTIKOTHTA HA0MEYrH AKTH 14300 noAu IJIKp6nMToc; 2860 (a) 640(0X~IJOTO) rovPn Hr (5-8 m ~12m).

AKTEr 88600 Kup1a ~paxw15w; 17720 (a)

MOYPEriOY OKTE<; IJE E~aip£0'11 Ka-lTOIE<; 1T AOTIE<; 61JOpq>£<;

1100 «

KOI ElTIIJ~K£1<; OKTE<;. AKTEr 123000 nA~9oc; rravt1Jop- 24600 (a) 965 ((

rKIA00Y q>WV OIJIJOU151WV IJEyaAou 1 .. 11'1Kouc; & nMTouc;.

napaTI1PEiTOI 6n an6 TI1V EmT6ma tpwva 01 tKTaatl<; rwv OKTwv KOI 11 XWP11TIK6TI1TO EiVOI IJIKpOTEp£<; an' 6TI IJE TI1V 1TpWTI11TpoOEVV10'11 (XOPTOypaq>IK~ EpEUVO). EKT6<; 0116 TI1V O'UVOAIK~ ElTiq>aVEIO Tl1<; rK1a8ou lTOU 11 ~~~A10ypaq>ia TI"JV 15iVEI EKT00'11 «48 Km2» KOI TO IJ~KO<; OKTWV <<44 Km» KOI apa TO O'UVOAO Tl1<; ElTiqxlVEIO<; TWV OIJIJW15WV OKTWV EiVOI 123000 m2 (KwTouAac;, 1995 oro LIFE, 2000).

EnapK£10 uMnvwv n6pwv npoc; oopEUO'I"J: H avaAU0'111TOU OKOAou9EilTEpiAO IJ ~avEI TO XOPOKTI1PIO'TIKa TOU VEpoU KOI TI1V £1TapKEIO TOU, lTOO'OTIKO. ru1Jq>WVO ~E O'TOIX£10 TOU YnEXO!lE 11 01TOITOUIJEV11 111-JEP~O'IO KOTOVaAWO'I"J VEpoU EiVOI 0.250 m / IJtpa/ KaTOIKO. ruiJq>WVO IJE aAAouc; 11 KOTOVaAWO'I1 EIVOI 0.150 m3/1JEpa/ KaTOIKO (600'KOMK11<;, 1996 O'TO LIFE, 2000).

6~1JO<; roupn11c;: 6101pWVTO<; TI"JV O'UVOAIK~ 15I09EO'IIJI1 lTOPOX~ u15pEUTIKOU VEpoU (6696 m3

/ 111-JEpa) 1510 TWV KOTOiKWV IJE 0.250 m3 (3486) 15101TIO'TWVETOI 6TI VIO lOU<; IJ6VIIJOU<; KOTOIKOU<; urrapX£1 mapK£10 1T60'11JOU VEpoU, 6rav OTTOITEITOI I"JIJEP~OIO KOTOVaAWO'I11920.8 AITpa ova KOTOIKO. Av 61JW<; lTpoOT£9£1 0 IJCO'O<; Opi91J6<; TOUpiO'TWV ova mplo15o (40 aTOIJO/ 111-Jtpa) 11 KaTavaAwal1 IJEIWVETOI n6A1 EMXIOTa, ora 1899.0 Airpa ova KaTOIKo. napaTI1· ptlrm 1511Aa15~ 6r1 01 Uq>IOTaiJtvtc; VEWTP~0£1<; mapKouv y1a 23258 arOIJO mmAtov (Kou­ratp~c; oro LIFE, 2000).

6~1JO<; Moupwlou: ME Tl<; KOTOV£Vpa1JIJEV£<; napox~c; 1T11VE<; O'TOV K1aa6: Mnoup­IJ1TOUA~9pa (180m3

/ wpa), KaTaayKAia (50m3/h), TUIJlTaVOU (35m3/h) OUVEXOU<; po~c; O'TO MouptOI: Mava Moupwlou (90 m3/wpa) KOI oro Av~A1ou (71 m3/h) auyKtvrpwvtral tva a9pOIO'IJO KOpO'TIKWV TTI1VWV 426 m3/h ~ 10224 m3/d, TO OlTOIO OV 1510ip£9EI IJE 0.250 m3

/

IJEpa/KOTOIKO IJO<; 15115£1 IKOVOlTOIOUIJEVO 1TA119UO'IJ6 40896 KOTOIKWV. 0 IJ6VIIJO<; 1TAI19UO'IJ6<; ElVOI 3239 KaTOIKOI KOI 556 01 TOUpiOTE<;, 01T6TE 01 Uq>IO'TaiJEVE<; lTOpoXE<; IJlTOpOUV VO IKOVOlTOI~O'OUV 37101 ElTilTAtOV aTOIJO.

885

npaKTIKa 2"" nav£MflvtOU Iuvcl5plou noAcol5oplat;, Xwpara{lat; KOI ncpt<pcpCIOKflt; Avamu{l)t;-T6J10t; II

6r'H.Joc,; LKI09ou: na roue.; iJ6VIiJouc.; KaroiKouc.; urropx£1 mopK£1a rr6m1..1ou v£pou. 6tatpw­vrac.; Tr)V UUVOAIK~ 61a8£UtiJI") rrapox~ u6p£UTIKOU V£pOU (4099 m3/1Jtpa) 610 TWV KOTOfKWV (5000) rraipVOUiJE I") IJEP~O"IO KaTaVOAWUI") 819.8 AITpa avci KOTOIKO. npocr9ETOVTac,; 61Jwc.; TOV iJEUO ap181..16 TOUptUTWV avci mpfooo (3994 OTOiJall")iJEpa) I") KOTOVOAWUI") iJEIWVETOI UTO IJIU6 mpirrou, 61")Aa6~ UTa 455.7 AiTpa avo KOTOIKO. 61")Aa6r'}6n 01 Uq>IUTOIJEV£c,; V£WTp~cr£1C; mapKouv 1.16vo yta 8977 OTOIJO mmAtov.

4. H ~EPOYIA IKANOTHTA TOYPIITIKHI ANAnTY::HI KAI H ME00~0I THI EK nEPITPOnHI ANAKYKJ\HIHI TON 1\0YOMENON

np1v rrpocr6toptcr9£f 11 <PITA 1..1£ TO Tpfa rraparravw rrpoypOiJiJOTIKa iJEV£91") (XWPI"JTI­K6TI")TO, V£p6, UT091JEUUI")) WUT£ va OTTOKOAU<p9£f T6UO TO IUXUP6T£po orr' aura 6cro Kat il cr£tpa mptoptUTtKou rrapayovTo u£ Ka9£ 1..1fa arr6 nc:; urro6£tVIJOTtKtc,; mptoxtc.; rrpol")y~91")K£ UTI"JV EV Myw rrpol")yOUIJEVI"J tpwva TO E~r'}c;: IJE ~acr£t Til VEWIJOpcpoi.oyfa Kat nc:; XP~U£t<;, tytV£ IJ IO UXETIK~ KOTI")VOPIOTTOfilO'il TWV OKTWV U£ TEUU£ptc:; KOTI")yopi£<; XP~UIIJE<; UTOU<; UTTOAOVIUIJOU<;: nA=rrpocrtrtc:; aiJiJWOEI<; r'} KpoKOAW6Et<;, nB=npacrtTE<; ~POXW0£1<;, AB= arrp6crtr£c:; ~paxw6Et<; Kat6=crrrayop£urtKt<;, 6rrwc; AtiJOVta, EAI"J, ~tOIJI"JXOVI£c:; KATT. (Koutseris 2009). ErrfUI")<; £<pap1J6u91")K£ tva UEVOptO 1..1£ f36Uil TI")V rrapaooxr') 6Tt OTTOITOUVTOI 2 Wp£c,; VIO KOAUIJ~I")UI") KOI 6Tt, 01 Wq>tAIIJE<; Wp£<; yta KOAUIJ~ilUil EfVOI 4 rrpwtvtc; KOI 4 OTTOVEU­IJOTIVt<; Kat OTTOITOUVTOI KOTO IJ.O. 5 m2 avci OTOIJO. H IJtVIUTI") KOTOAf14Jil Tfl<; OKTr')<; KOTO Til 6tapK£10 Tl")c,; I")IJEpa<; UTTOAoyf~ETOI arr6 Tl") UXtUr) 4 X ETTiq>OV£10 rrapai.fac,; I 5 OTOIJO KOI IJE 2 aTOIJO cptpovTa TO K09£ 6Xf11JO (KouruEpr'}c; LIFE, 2000).

nivaKa<; 4. LUVOTTTIK6<; TT[VOKO<; KOTI")yOptOTTOii")UI")<; aKTWV TOU UUV6AOU £TTI<p<lV£1WV TWV TT06£tyiJOTIKWV mpto WV. nl")yr'): KOUTU£pr')c:; UTO LIFE, 2000. u

LUVOAO M~KO<; OcptAtiJI") M~KO<;

Em~aVEtac; OKTWV 'EKTOUfl OKTWV (m) (Km) (Km) 01JIJW6tiJV OIJIJOU61WV

aKrwv (m2)

LKI09oc:; 48 44 123000 7550 LOUPTTI"J 191 35.8 14300 1350 Moup£uiou 56.5 15.1 88600 2850

METci TO TTOPOTTOVW UTOIX£ia IJTTOp£1 VO £VTOTTIU9£i I") UUVOAtKr'} cptpOUUO IKOVOTflTO TWV UTT06£1VIJOTIKWV TTEPIOXWV: BOU£1 TWV TTOpaTTOVW UTT09tU£WV, 0 EV UUVEX£10 rriVOKO<; IJOc,; 61v£t maywytKci Til cr£tpo, crrr6 Tov tcrxup6r£po rrapayovra rrpoc; Tov mptoptUTtK6 rrapayo­vra IJEXPt KOTOAI"J~Il<; u' tvav £V6£tKnK6 apt91J6 Ml<PE. To rrapaKorw vouiJEpa acpopouv OTOIJO ~ <PITA (LIFE, 2000). Bi.tm nivaKa<; 5.

m VOKO<; 5. MtytUTOc_; UTT09£TIK6c_; Op191J6c_; OT61JWV (O)-XPflUTWV. <l>tpOUUO IKOV6TI")TO.

6HMOI Xwpi")TtK6TI")Ta AKTwv 'Y6p£UUfl LT091JEUUfl 0Xr)IJOTWV

LKIA00r 24600 x 4 = 98400 (a) 8977 (a) 965 X 2 X 4 = 7720 (a) MOYPEriOY 17720 x 4 = 70880 (a) 37101 (a) 1.090 X 2 X 4 = 8720 (a) rOYPnH 2860 x 4 = 11440 (a) 23258 (a) 640 X 2 X 4 = 5120 (a)

LTfl xwpl")nK6TI")Ta rwv OKTWV TO rraparrovw (a) i.ouo1Jtvwv arroT£i.ouv arri.wc; 9£wpi")­TtK6 VOUIJEpa (a) TTOU 6uvavrat va KOTOKAUUOUV (TETpciKt<;) KOTTOIO IJEPO OIXIJr'l<;. n£ptopi­~OVTOI 61JW<; EVTOVO, Kupfw<; arr6 TOV rp6rro rrp6a~OUf')<;, TilV CTTOPK£10 TWV UMTWV, Tf')V UT091JEUUf') KOI EV VEV£1 TI")V nX KOI TI")V KOIVWVIK~ XWPilTtK6Tf')TO. r£VIKO 0 TTfVOKOc_; UTT06Et­KVU£1 TO l..ltVIUTO £upoc,; UTTOOOXr'}<; AOUOIJEVWV KOI Tf') 6uvaT6Tf')TO TTOU IJTTOp£1 VO 6£X9£1 (urrocptpEt) 1..11a mptOX~ U£ OTOIJO·XP~UT£<; (LIFE, 2000).

Errfuilc; napaTf'IPEITat 6Tt Kat UTt<; rptt<; mptoxtc:; 6rrou £q>Op1J6U9f')K£ TO npai.tx9tv crtvapto 11 UTa91JEUUfl r'}Tav o rr10 tcrxup6c; mptoptUTtK6c:; napayovTO<;. rnc; mptoxtc; TI"J<;

886

rxc61CJ(J~ KCJI CN(rmtJ{fl c).c(J6cpou xp6vou· noAITICJ~-Toup1C11J6{-A9Af1TICJIJ6\

rK1a8ou KOI MoupEOIOU ll 06pEUOil EfVOI 0 6EUTEpoc; TIEPIOpiOTIK6c; nap6ywv, EVW OTilV TIEPIOX~ Tile; roupnllc; 0 napaywv XWPilTIK6TilTO TWV OKTWV EIVOI 0 TIIO ntpi0PIOTIK6c; (Jurecic, 2005, LIFE, 2000 KOI Koutseris, 2009).

00T600 TO VOUIJEPO Tile; ·~WPilTIK6TilTOc; TWV OKTWV' 90 npETIEI VO ~JEIW90UV OTO 75% OV y!VOUV UTIOAOVIOIJOI IJE 10 m ova AOu61JEVO OVTI VIO 5 m2 KOI IJE 600 KUIJOTO AOUOIJEVWV OVTI VIO TEOOEpa 6nwc; ano&IX91lKE KOI OTilV TIPQilVOUIJEVIl EpEUVO. T6TE OTilV TIEpiOX~ roupnllc; ava6EIKVUETOI ll XWPilTIK6TilTO Twv oKTwv on6 6EuTEpoc; mp1op10TIK6c; nopa­yovToc; OE npWTO, IJE 6EUTEpo Til OT091JEU01l KOI TpfTO TllV u6pEUOil, EVW OTilV TIEPIOX~ MoupEofou OTI6 Tpfroc; OV06EIKVUETOI OE 6EUTEfO, IJE npwro Til C1Hl91JEU01l ~6nwc; KOI np1v) KOI TpfTO TllV u6pEUOil. rTil rK1a8o EirE IJE 5 m OVa AOU61JEVO EfT£ IJE 10m 6EV aMa~£1 0 OUOXETIOIJ6c; (KOUTOEp~c; OTO LIFE, 2000).

5. TA NEAAnOTEAEIMATA riA THN AEI4>0PO ANAnTY::H TOYPIIMOY TOY NOMOY MArNHIIAI

EmW91lKE OTO 9£WPilTIK6 IJEpoc; npiV 6TI OE O)(EOil IJE TllV TOUpiOTIK~ OVaTITU~Il . I)

q>tpouoo IKOv6TilTO opi~ETOI we; o api91J6c; TWV XPilOTWV nou IJTIOp£1 va 6£XT£1 Ka9£ TOUpiOTIK(J TOTI09tofo IJIO 6£60~-JEVIl OTIVIJ(J XWPfc; IJOVIIJil n£pi(30At'.OVTIK(J UTI0(3a91JI01l , E~OOQlOAI~OVTac; tV VEVEI napOMilAO 0£ IJIO TOTIIK~ KOIVWViO, EVO TOUpiOTIK6 0£1QlOPIK6 OXE-610 IJIOc; EUpurtpllc; TIEPIOX(Jc;. AuT6 £TIIXEip(J91lKE E6W IJE TllV <l>ITA. K01 OV OK61JO UTIOT£9£1 6TI IJTIOpOUV VO KOTOOKEU009oUV XWPQI OTa91JEUOilc; ~ VO npow9tf 0 TOUpiOIJ6c; OE OIJ66Ec;, OTI06EIKVUETOI WOTOOO 6TI 01 aMOI 6uo TIEpiOpiOTIKOI napoyovrEc; yiVOVTOI K090piOTIKOI VIO TllV AA T KOI TpETIOUV TOV TipoOOVOTOAIOIJ6 TOU O)(E6100IJOU npoc; Til 610X£ip101l TOU KOpE­OIJOU (J 6XI IJIOc; mp1ox(Jc;. Oor6oo 01 QlUOIKOI auTo! mp1op10TIKOi nap6yovrEc; nou avaq>tp-91lKOv EiVOI OXETIKOI KOI 6EV IJTIOpoUV VO 9EWPil90UV we; an61.UTOI. 616T1 unapxouv KOI 4JUXOAOVIKOi KOI KOIVWVIKOI nap6yOVTEc;, 6nwc; EITTW91lKE, 01 OTIOIOI EIVOI 6uvaT6V VO ava­TPE4JOUV To avwT£pw onoTEAEOIJOTa. r1a nap66EIVIJO, UTIOPXEI tvac; Tunoc; ToupioTa nou OVO~IlTEi TIOAUKOOIJIO OE IJIO OIJ1JW61l napaJ.Ia, EVW ouyxpovwc; unapX£1 KOI 0 roupioTac; TIOU OVO~IlTO TllV OTIOIJ6VW01l KOI npoTIIJO VO KOTOQlUVEI OE IJIO OTI61JOKPil f3POXW61l napa­J.ia, ll aK61Jil IJTIOpEi va tp9EI IJE 161wnK6 K6TEpo y1a va j3pEI auT6 rrou EITI9UIJEI, on6TE 6Ev TIAilOIO~EI TllV napaJ.ia Ka9Mou (KouTotp(Jc;, 2005a, Koutseris, 2005, Jurecic, 2005).

Ev TOUTOic; arr6 TOV rrapanOVW TiiVOKEc; rrapOTilptiTOI, TipWTOV: ll 1JEya1.1l OKTOypOIJIJ~ KOI WQlEAIIJil tKTOOil OKTWV OTilV rKI09o OE O)(tOil IJE Til OUVOAIK(J fil e; EKTOOil. AKOAOU9El 0 6(J1Joc; Mouptoiou IJE IJEVOAO rrMroc;, aMa IJIKp6 ap191J6 OKTWV KOI T£1.oc; OKOAOU9Ei 0 6(JIJOc; roupnllc;. npayiJOTI OUT6 TO TEAEUTOfo E~llVEiTOI 616T1 TO (369oc; TOU nayOOilTIKOU KOATIOU KOI 6UTIKO n£pi006Ttpo EIVOI noM PllX6 OE OVTi9EOil IJE TOV OVOTOAIK6 n(JAIO. 'ETOI TIOpOyETOI IJIKp6TEpoc; KUIJOTIOIJ6c; KOI apa IJIKp6TEpEc; IJOPQlOVEVETIKEc; lilliJIOUpyiEc; OIJIJW6wv aKTwv (Koutseris, 2009).

H E6w tpwva 6Ev }.a1Jj30VEI un64Jil TO OXETIK6 aO(JIJOVTO api91J6 J.ouo~Jtvwv nou n poTI­IJOuv Tic; nB TIOU OQlOpO QlUOIOAOTpiKO KOI VEOpO KUpfwc; OTOIJO. 'ETOI tva OEVOpiO ITOU IJITOpEIVO EQlOPIJ009EI OE K09E rrEpiOX~. OU1Jj36Movrac; ETOI OE IJIO KOMTEPil AAT OTO VOIJ6 MOVVIlOiac; EiVOI VO urro}.oylo9£1 TO 1JEVE9oc; TWV WQlEAIIJWV OKTWV (av KOI 01 ITAEiOTEc; AEKO­VEc; arroppo(Jc;, 1610frEpO TOU nllAiOU KOI TWV V~OWV 6UOXEpafVOUV Til 6IOOTTOp6 Tile; XWpo-9ETilOilc; TWV ~EVOOOXEIOKWV UIT0601JWV) IJE IJIO EK TIEpiTpon~c; lliJEP~OIO OVOKUKAilOil TWV AOUOIJEVWV. TOUTO ETIITUVXOVETOI noMonJ.OOIO~OVTOc; EITI TEOOEplc; QlOptc; (KUIJOTO AOUOIJE­VWV) KOI 610ipWVTOc; IJE TO 5 m2 OVO AOu61JEVO ~ 10 m2 KOI 610ipWVTOc; 610 60o (KUIJOTO J.ouo~J tvwv), 6rrwc; uno6EIKvuouv TO rrp6runa IJEVE91l XWPilTIK6TilTOc; TWV OKTWV, rrou OVOQlEp91lKOV, WOTE VO E~OKplj3W9Ei 0 IKOv6c; Op191J6c; OT61JWV OE IJIO IJEpa OIXIJ(Jc; (J Ml<l>E.

6. BIB/\IOrPA4>1A KEKANAM., 2001 . Ava6£1~'1 9aMOO/OU rrapKOU Bopclwv ~rrop(J6wv KOI tvra~r, TOU OTOV

KOIVWVIK6 1ar6. MEAETil NOIJOPXIOK(Jc; AuTOOIOIKilOilc; Movvlloiac;. Epyaor(Jp1o ToupiOIJOU TOU TIJ. MX KOI nA TOU nav.0Eo. (6 0EIJOTO), 861.oc;.

887

npaKriKG 2"" navc).),t,vtOu Fuvcliplou noAco/5oJJia!;, Xwpara{lai; KOI ncp«ptptlaKr'l!; Avamu{l)i;-T6J.101; II

KOKKWOT}~ X . KOI Toopra~ n ., 1994. BICiJUI/Jf'/ TouptaTtKI'] avamU{f'/ Kat m:ptf3ai.i.ov. KpmK(J, AS(Jva.

Kouro£p(Jc; E., 2005. M£9ooolloyi£~ AvayvwpiOil~. IJE A~IOMVIlOil n£p1130MOVTIKOU I:X£6100IJOU EmmWOEWV KOI £V6~ vtou nporunou npoaraoia~: r1a TllV npoaraaia (J 6IOTr'JPilOil . npaKTIKG: 5'1 !J.tdJvfK 'EK9£0f'/ KG/ Xuvtopto yta Tf'/V Tcxvoi.oyfa ncptf36A­Aovro~ 0-B 374 doc TEE: HELECO '05, 3-6/2/2005. AS(Jva.

KOUTO£p(J~ E., 2005a. 'Epwva TTpoocpopO~ KOI <r'JTilOil~ Til~ TOUplaTIKr'j~ OVOIDU~Il~ OTil v(Joo I:K6TT£110 KOI Oll~ B6pE1E~ I:nop66E~ IJE Ol6XO Til vta IJOpcp(J TOU EVOMOKTIKOU TOUpiOIJOU. npaKT/KG No 44, S"' McooyctaKOU Xuvcopfou, McooyctaK6~ ToupiOJ.16~ rrtpa arr6 11~ aKrt~. 22-24 I:Em.2005. 0EooalloviKI1.

KouTOEp(J~ E., 2006. ncptoxt~ npooraafa~ KG/ KotVWVIKI'/ Xuvatvtof] OTf'/V EMaoa: TO rrapci&typa Tf'/~ 0caoaMa~. n Eploxtc; 'Natura 2000'-'SPA' KOI 610XEipiOil~ u6arfvwv n6pwv, Olll vta TTpOOIDIK(J TOU aypOTIKOU XWPOU. Movoypacpfa. np6A. navra<r'J~ rEpOKil~: np6E6po~ EKBY. EK6.: Epw616~, 0.226. 0EooalloviKI1.

naVETTIOTr'jiJIO 0EOOOllfa~, 1997. I:rpOTilYIK(J 610XEipl01l 6pOOEWV I:XETI<61JEVWV IJE TOV Toup101J6. np6ypawa SMART. TIJ. MX KCI nA TOU n .e . DGXIII. B6Ao~.

n avETTIOTr'jiJIO 0Eaaallla~ .• 2001 . nEplcpEpEIOK6 nEpi130MOVTIK6 rxt610 AEicp6pou Toupi­OIJOU N. MOVVIlOia~. KotVOTtK6 np6ypawa ECOSERT. T1Jr'JIJO MllXOVIKWV Xwpora~la~ & nEpicpEpEIOK(J~ Avanru~,~. B6Ao~.

naprraipll~ A., 1992. 0 KuKAoc; Zw(Jc; rou Toup1ar1Kou npo'i6vro~. EIOI'/Yf'/Of'/ aro Xuvtopto Touptap6~ Kat n cptf3ciAAov, Munllr'Jvll.

YnEX06E, 2001. Avayvwp101l OIKOT6TTWV KOI TTEplypacp(J TWV T6TTWV. EnnEP- nHI\10. Inskeep E., 1991 . Tourism Planning. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York. Jurecic J., 2005. Carrying capacity assessment of Slovene lstria for tourism. Sustainable

Development II, Vol. I, pp. 727-733. Loukissas P., Deffner A.M. , Koutseris E., Adamou A. , Metaxas T., 2002. The Marine Park

of Northern Sporades: Sustainable Development, Global Promotion and Local Attachment'. Proceedings of the lnter.Confer. Protection and Restoration of the Environment VI, (eds. A .G. Kungolos, A.B. Liakopoulos, G.P. Korfiatis, A.D. Koutsospyros, K.L. Katsifarakis, A.D. Demetracopoulos). pp. 1385-92, Skiathos.

Koutseris E., 2005. Climate and two-type torrential physiography: New Interdisciplinary Approaches and Discussion of Processes from Mediterranean Environmental Planning . In Conference Proceedings. EWRA69B. £1" lntemational Conference 7-1 0/9/05. Menton . France.

Koutseris E., P. Dioudis and Ag. Filintas, 2007. Strategic and Operational environmental planning of aquatic resources in Thessaly basin in Greece. Proc. of Inter. Conf, 3rd IASMEIWSEAS on Energy, Environment, Ecosystems and Sustainable Development (EEESD'07), July 24-26, WSEAS, ISBN: 978-960-8457-94-2, ID-562-257, pp.375-381 , Agios Nikolaos. Crete Island, Greece.

Koutserls E., 2009. The carrying capacity for touristic development and the environmental capacity about the sustainability: research in certain coasts of Magnesia, Greece. In Proceeding, WSEAS, 2nd Intern. Conference on Cultural heritage and tourism, July 22-24, 2009 (accepted). Rodos Island, Greece.

LIFE (n av/ IJIO 0waa"la~. ANEM), 2000. Xwpora{tK6~ XX£Oiaap6~ TouptOTtKI'/~ Avtmru{f'/~ Nopou Mayvf]ofa~. nAilpoC96pllOil KOI auvaivEOil. npouno9to£1~ y1a r11v OE1cp6po 61CXEip101l TWV OKTWV TOU NOIJOU MOVVIlOia~. TMX KOI nA, TEAIKr'j EK9Eall, KOIVOTIK6 n p6ypOIJIJO LIFE96ENY/GR/580, B6"o~.

888