m odule 7: i nfection c ontrol. o bjectives define vocabulary words related to infection control...
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MODULE 7: INFECTION CONTROL
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OBJECTIVES Define vocabulary words related to
infection control Describe the history of infection
control Discuss the importance of infection
control measures Demonstrate good handwashing
technique
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OBJECTIVESRecognize how germs spreadDescribe each link in the chain of
infectionRelate the chain of infection to the
work of nurse aidesDescribe the signs and symptoms of
infection to report to the nurseCompare standard precautions and
transmission-based precautions 3
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INFECTIONS…INTERESTING FACTS
More than 2 million infections occur in a health care setting each year.
The leading cause of death in nursing homes is infection.
Infection is also the most frequent reason a person is moved from a nursing home to a hospital for care. 4
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INFECTIONS…INTERESTING FACTS
Childbed fever was actually a streptococcal infection.
Washing hands could have prevented many mothers and babies from dying of infections.
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HANDOUT 1 AND 1A
Infection Control Vocabulary List Fictional Obituary
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PERSONAL HYGIENE HABITS
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PERSONAL HYGIENE HABITS
Practice good personal grooming – bathe, brush teeth, etc.
Wear clean, unwrinkled clothes
Cover your mouth and nose when coughing & sneezing
Wash hands frequently
Do’s Do Not’s Wear your uniform
that you have worked in around your own home
Take personal belongings into a patient’s home
Eat or drink after other people
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OPTIONAL – CLASS DISCUSSION
Discuss the importance of good hygiene. Discuss what the class thinks is good
personal hygiene.
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HANDWASHING
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HANDOUT 2
Hand Hygiene Guidelines Fact Sheet
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HANDOUT 3 - ACTIVITY
Proper Technique Instructor demonstration on proper technique Students critique each other on technique
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HOW GERMS SPREAD
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HANDOUT 4
Confidential Self-Assessment
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HANDOUT 5
Optional – Glitter Bug or Glo Germ Activity
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CHAIN OF INFECTION
INFECTIOUS AGENT
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CHAIN OF INFECTION
RESERVOIR
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CHAIN OF INFECTION
PORTAL OF EXIT
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CHAIN OF INFECTION
MODE OF TRANSMISSION
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CHAIN OF INFECTION
PORTAL OF ENTRY
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CHAIN OF INFECTION
SUSCEPTIBLE HOST
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HANDOUT 6CHAIN OF INFECTION ACTIVITY
Match each word in the middle of the chain of infection to it’s corresponding link.
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CHAIN OF INFECTION - ANSWERS
Infectious Agents:1. Staph2. MRSA3. E. coli4. TB5. Hepatitis
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CHAIN OF INFECTION - ANSWERS
Reservoir:1. Blood2. Potato Salad3. Soil4. Raw Meat5. Ticks
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CHAIN OF INFECTION - ANSWERS
Portal of Exit:1. Tears from tear ducts2. Drainage from wound3. Feces through GI tract4. Blood through skin cut5. Nose through sneezing
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CHAIN OF INFECTION - ANSWERS
Mode of Transmission:1. Door knobs2. Soiled sheets3. Unwashed hands4. Overbed table5. Used tissue
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CHAIN OF INFECTION - ANSWERS
Portal of Entry:1. Skin tear2. Mouth3. Surgical incision4. Skin puncture5. Eyes
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CHAIN OF INFECTION - ANSWERS
Susceptible Host:1. Person with diabetes2. Frail elderly3. Person who’s had surgery4. Person with catheter5. Person with poor nutrition
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HANDOUT 7 - BREAKING THE CHAIN OF INFECTION ACTIVITY
Match each word in the middle to it’s corresponding link to show where to break the chain of infection.
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BREAKING THE CHAIN OF INFECTION - ANSWERS
Infectious Agents:1. Antibiotics2. Immunizations
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BREAKING THE CHAIN OF INFECTION - ANSWERS
Reservoir:1. Clean dish towels every day2. Staying home when sick3. Bathing daily4. Wearing clean uniforms
every day5. Handwashing
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BREAKING THE CHAIN OF INFECTION - ANSWERS
Portal of Exit:1. Handwashing2. Clean dressing over wound3. Cover mouth & nose when
sneezing4. Proper waste & trash
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BREAKING THE CHAIN OF INFECTION - ANSWERS
Mode of Transmission:1. Alcohol based hand rubs2. New toothbrush every few months3. No artificial nails4. Wiping doorknobs with antiseptic
solution5. Clean gloves6. Safe food handling7. No soiled linen touching uniform8. No jewelry9. Handwashing
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BREAKING THE CHAIN OF INFECTION - ANSWERS
Portal of Entry:1. Catheter care2. Unbroken skin
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BREAKING THE CHAIN OF INFECTION - ANSWERS
Susceptible Host:1. Proper diet2. Exercise3. Strong immune system
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WHEN INFECTION OCCURS
The body takes steps to fight off infections
There are various signs and symptoms associated with infection
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CLASS DISCUSSION
Name signs and symptoms of infections that you have known of, seen, or even experienced.
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BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS
A classification of microorganisms that cause disease
Found in various fluids within the body
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HIV/AIDS
HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HIV causes AIDS:Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome
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HIV/AIDS
Blood Semen Vaginal fluid Breast milk Sharing needles or
syringes with an HIV positive individual
Feces Urine Saliva Nasal fluid Sweat Tears Vomit
Can Get HIV From: Cannot Get HIV From:
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PRECAUTIONS
The CDC first released Universal Precautions Standard Precautions then replaced Universal
Precautions, also adding Transmission Based Precautions
Droplet Precautions Contact Precautions Airborne Precautions
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HANDOUT 8
Standard Precautions and Transmission Based Precautions Chart
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HANDOUT 9
Which Precaution Would You Use?
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OPTIONAL - CLASS DISCUSSION
Give examples of work experiences where you had to take care of a patient with a possible infectious disease…How did you protect yourself?
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OPTIONAL - ACTIVITY
Practice putting on and taking off/disposing of gloves, masks, and gowns.
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INFLUENZA
Symptoms Severity Transmission How to protect
yourself and your patient
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MRSA
Methycillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
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SCABIES
Scabies are microscopic mites that burrow into skin, where they live, lay eggs, and greatly irritate their host.
Scabies is a common, worldwide condition. It affects people from all social classes and does not reflect on someone’s cleanliness.
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HOW TO KILL GERMS
Disinfection
Sterilization
Incineration
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BAG TECHNIQUE
There are important safety precautions regarding proper bag technique
Make sure the bag you have has easily accessible, open outside pockets, and a large, zipper closed section as well
Never put your bag on the floor
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ACTIVITY
Instructor demonstration of proper bag technique
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RODENTS AND OTHER PESTS
Look for telltale signs of rodents or pests
Signs or findings should be reported to your supervisor
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THE EMPLOYERS ROLE IN INFECTION CONTROL
InformProvide, maintain, replaceTrainFor more information, go to:
www.osha.gov
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THE END
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