LYME DISEASEPresented by: Arwa H. Al-Onayzan.ID: 215007943.

OUR CASE For several weeks , a41 –years- old male has felt as if is slight drunk all the time. He can’t walk properly anymore and feels as if he is in daze. At first he thought it might be exhaustion but as it is not improving he wants to know what is wrong and the prognosis is.

OBJECTIVES Deferential diagnosis. Definition of Lyme disease. Epidemiology. Risk factor. Causes. Pathophysiology.

DEFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

Multiple sclerosis. X Cerebellar tumor. X Encephalitis. X Lyme disease.

INTRODUCTION The disease was named for Lyme, Connecticut, the town where it was first diagnosed in 1975 after a puzzling outbreak of juvenile arthritis. The organism that causes the disease was identified in 1982 and named for its discoverer,Willy Burgdorfer.

DEFINITION OF LYME DISEASE

It is a tick transmitted infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi. Borrelia are large spirochetes and have endoflagella. unlike the other bacteria, borrelia species has liner plasmid. Lyme disease is classified as a zoonosis. it’s systemic illness.

EPIDEMIOLOGY It is the most commonly reported tick-borne illness in the USA and Europe. It is seasonal disease in occurrence.

RISK FACTOR Geographical location. Spending time in wooded or grassy areas. Having exposed skin. Not removing ticks promptly or properly.

CAUSES Borrelia species: B. burgdorferi, B. afzelii, and B. garinii. Borrelia species are carried by infected deer ticks (Ixodes scapularis) and pass it to the humans. In U.S, the white-footed mouse is the usual host of immature ticks, while deer are the most common hosts of the adult ticks. In Europe, sheep are the usual hosts of adult infected ticks.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

SUMMARY

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Deferential diagnosis

Causes

Risk factor

Epidemiology

Definition

Pathophy-siology

QUIZ TIME What’s the risk factor of Lyme disease (2 just)? True or false: Lyme disease is caused by parasite.

ANY QUESTIONS?

REFERENCE Gale Encyclopedia Of Neurological disorders (p.505-509). The Merck Manual of Diagnosis & Therapy, page 1269. Clinical Microbiology made ridiculously simple book 3th (p.96-98). Atlas Of Neurology book (p.228-229). Medical Microbiology made memorable book (p326-328). Microbiology Lippincott's book (P164-166)