LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngChng 1TNG QUAN1.1 Tng quan v cung cp inNgy nay, trong s pht trin kinh t khoa hc k thut v vn ha x hi ca th gii khng th khng k ti vai tr ca ngnh cng nghip in. y l mt ngnh cng nghip cung cp ngun nng lng ch yu cho s pht trin v tin b ca tt c cc nc trn th gii. Vit Nam, vi cng cuc cng nghip ha, hin i ha ngy cng cao th ngnh cng nghip in cng th hin r vai tr then cht ca n.H thng cung cp in lhthngtruyntiv phnphi innng,lm nhim v cung cp in cho mt khu vc nht nh. Ngun ca h thng ny ly t h thng in quc gia v thng dng cp in p t trung bnh tr xung. Khi xy dng khu dn c, nh my, chung c trc tin ta phi xy dng h thng cung cp in cung cp in nng cho my mc v nhu cu sinh hot ca con ngi.Qu trnh thit k cung cp in bao gm s gia cng s liu thng tin v biu din chng, ngha l bao gm nh hng ca con ngi ln i tng thit k thng qua cc phng tin thit k. Qu trnh thit k c th chia thnh cc giai on sau: Tm hiu vai tr, chc nng ca cc phn t tiu th in xc nh tin cy cp in. Phn tch cc phn t ny theo cng sut, in p, mi tng quan theo cng ngh sn xut, v tri cc nhm thit b, phng n cp in. nh gi tnh kinh t- k thut ca cc phng n xc nh li gii ti u. Xc nh cc thng s k thut ca cc phn t trong li thit k. Cc tnh ton kinh t- k thut. Kim tra tnh ng n v cht lng ca mng thit k.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun1LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngHin nay, nc ta xut hin ngy cng nhiu cc chung c, nh cao tng dng lm khch sn, vn phng hay cc trung tm thng mi... Cc ta nh ny c thit k v thi cng theo cc k thut tin tin, p ng c nhu cu ngy cng phong ph ca ngi s dng.H thng in trong cc nh cao tng thng c cc c im sau: Ph ti phong ph, a dng ( in p, cng sut, pha), tp trung trong khng gian hp. C cc h thng cp ngun d phng ( my pht, c quy). Yu cu phong ph v ch lm vic v an ton cao cho ngi s dng, ng thi phi p ng tnh m thut trong kin trc xy dng.1.2 Thit k cung cp in cho Cao c 10 tng1.2.1 Gii thiu chung v cng trnhCng trnh Cao c 10 tng vi din tch mt bng tng th 7000m2 bao gm: Phn din tch xy dng: 1400m2 Phn khun vin: 5600m2S mt bng ca cao c: Mt bng tng trt gm: snh chnh, phng tip khch, phng n, khu gii kht, khu nh bp, phng ngh nhn vin, v khu v sinh. Mt bng tng 1 gm: phng hp, phng lm vic, phng gim c v cc phng khc, khu gii kht, khu cu thang v hnh lang. Mt bng tng 27 gm: vn phng 1, 2, 3, 4, khu cu thang hnh lang, v khu v sinh. Mt bng tng hm gm: phng x l nc thi, phng in my, nh bo v. Sn thng gm: phng my thang my, cafe sn thng, khu vc cc bn cha nc.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun2LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng1.2.2 Nhim v thit k Thit k chiu sng bng phn mm Dialux cho cc phng chuyn dng. Thit k h thng in cho cao c. An ton in v thit k chng st. Chuyn .1.2.3 Cc bc thit k Trnh by tng quan v cao c. Tm hiu phn mm Dialux. Thit k chiu sng bng Dialux. Phn pha v tnh ton cng sut . Tnh ph ti tnh ton tng tng v t phn phi chnh. Chn my bin p, my pht v tnh b. Chn dy, CB, v s nguyn l. Tnh st p v ngn mch. An ton in. Thit k chng st.1.2.4 Yu cu thit k tin cy v an ton cung cp in cao. Vn u t, chi ph vn hnh hng nm thp. Thun tin cho vn hnh v sa cha.1.3 Phng n phn phi h thng in1.3.1 Ngun t in lcGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun3LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngCao c c cp in bi trm bin p ring t h thng trung th 22KV ca li in quc gia. Thng s ca my bin p s c tnh ton c th phn sau.1.3.2 Ngun t my phtTa s dng my pht in d phng nhm m bo tnh cung cp in lin tc cho cng trnh trong trng hp xy ra s c mt in. My pht d phng c b tr mt bng tng th. Trong trng hp s c mt in xy ra, my s t ng vo cung cp cho cng trnh. Khi li in tr li hot ng bnh thng th my s t ngt ra v tr h thng v li nh ban u.1.3.3 Chn phng n cung cp in cho cng trnhChn s phn phi dng hnh tia. Dng ny c nhng u im sau: Ch c mt nhnh c lp khi c s c nhnh . Vic xc nh s c n gin. Khi bo tr hay m rng h thng th cc phn cn li vn hot ng bnh thng. Kch thc dy dn c th chn ph hp vi mc dng gim dn n cui mch. Khuyt im: khi s c xy ra mt trong cc ng cp t t in chnh s ct in ton b cc nhnh pha sau t.1.3.4 Phng n i dy ng lc v dy phn phiT thanh ci my bin p, cp in i ngm n t in chnh t trong phng in my tng hm. T t in chnh: Tuyn cp i ngm n TPTC. T TPTC cc tuyn cp i n h thng bm nc, bm PCCC, thang my. Tuyn cp n t HTL, cung cp in cho h thng lnh. Cc tuyn cp cp in cho cc tng theo ng ln cp in cho cc t in tng.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun4LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng Dy in lun trong ng PVC t t in tng i ngm trong trn, tng n cc t ring cho tng phng. V kim loi ca cc thit b in v cc tip t ca cc cm c ni vo mch tip t. Cc mi ni dy c thc hin ti hp ni, hp n, t in. Khng c ni dy trong ng. T in t cao cch sn 1,6m. Cng tc CB t cao cch sn 1,35m. cm t cao cch sn 0,3m (tr bp l 0,8m v nh v sinh l 1,5m).GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun5LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngChng 2THIT K CHIU SNG2.1 Gii thiu chung v chiu sng cho cng trnh2.1.1 K thut chiu sngTrong sn xut v i sng x hi, nh sng l mt trong nhng yu t quan trng khng th thiu c. K thut chiu sng l khoa hc nghin cu s sinh ra, phn b v lan truyn trong khng gian ca cc bc x in t trong dy quang ph. L tp hp cc phng php cho php p ng yu cu v cht lng cng nh v s lng nh sng phn b sao cho ph hp vi tng nhu cu s dng.2.1.2 Nguyn tc khi chiu sngKhi thit k h thng chiu sng phi m bo v cht lng chiu sng, an ton, d vn hnh v tit kim v kinh t.Thng thng khi thit k h thng chiu sng nhn to ngi ta da trn hai phng php c tiu chun ha sau: Phng php gin tip: quy dnh cc c tnh ca h thng, s phn b theo thi gian v ph (cc c tnh quang: ri, huy ) xc nh hiu sut ca h thng chiu sng. Phng php trc tip: quy nh cc i lng trc tip xc nh hiu sut ca h thng chiu sng (hiu sut lao ng, kh nng nhn, sng).Cc yu cu i vi h thng chiu sng: Cc vt c chiu sng phi c huy va pht hin v phn bit.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun6LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng m bo khng c s khc bit ln gia huy b mt lm vic v khng gian chung quanh. ri trn b mt lm vic khng thay i theo thi gian. Khng xut hin r cc vt ti trn b mt lm vic. m bo cho cng vic hot ng lin tc v an ton, ta phi chiu sng lm vic v chiu sng s c: Chiusnglmvic: dngmbocchot ng, lmvicbnh thng ca con ngi, khi khng c hoc c nh sng t nhin. Chiu sng s c: cho php vn tip tc lm vic trong mt thi gian hoc an ton cho con ngi i ra khi ni s c khi chiu sng lm vic b h hng.2.1.3 Cc khi nim v i lng c bnA. Quang thng (lm)L thng lng bc x hu ch trong h nh sng (lng nh sng pht ra trong mt n v thi gian ca cc ngun sng). n v quang thng l Lumen (lm).Quang thng ca mt bc x phc tp c tnh theo cng thc: ( ) ( ) 683 . .ed Trong : ( ) : nhy cm ph tng i.( )e : Mt thng lng bc x.B. Quang hiu ca ngun sng H (lm/w)Cn gi l hiu sut pht sng, c xc nh bng t s quang thng pht ra trn cng sut ca ngun sng.Cng thc: H = Trong : : quang thng pht ra (lm)GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun7LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngP : cng sut ca ngun sng (W)C. Cng sng I (cd)Cng sng l mt phn phi quang thng trong khng gian. Cng sng cho bit mc sng v mt hng no . n v cng sng l Candela (cd).Cng thc: I = ddTrong : d : vi phn quang thng (lm)d : vi phn gc khi (rad)D. ri E ( lx) ri l mt quang thng rt trn b mt chiu sng. n v ca ri l lux (lx)Cng thc: E = ddTrong : d: vi phn quang thng (lm)d : vi phn din tch (m2) o ri ngi ta dng lux k.Khi la chn ri cn ch : chnh xc ca cng vic v h s phn x ca b mt lm vic. S ko di cng thng trong thi gian lm vic. c tnh cht lng ca chiu sng. Cc thng s k thut ca h chiu sng. Cc yu cu v v sinh. Cc yu cu an ton lao ng.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun8LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngE. Huy L (cd/m2)Cn gi l chi, c trng cho cm th th gic ca mt ngi. Huy theo mt phng cho trc ca ngun sng c tnh bng t s cng nh sng theo hng trn din tch biu kin ca ngun sng.Cng thc: L = ddTrong : dI: vi phn cng sng theo hng dA: vi phn din tch biu kin theo hng F. Nhit mu ca ngun sng T (0K)L nhit ca vt en tuyt i khi pht ra nh sng c mu ging nh mu ca ngun sng . G. Ch s mu RaNi ln s phn nh trung thc v mu sc ca mt ngun sng khi chiu sng mt vt no . Ra c gi tr t 0 n 100. Ra < 50: mu sc hon ton b bin i. Ra > 70: s dng cho cc ngnh cng nghip khi s th hin mu sc l th yu. 70 < Ra < 85: cc s dng thng thng m s th hin mu sc l c th chp nhn c. Ra > 85: s dng ni i hi s th hin mu l rt quan trng.2.1.4 Gii thiu chung v phn mm Dialux 4.5Dialux l mt cng c kh mnh cho php ta tnh ton chiu sng vi nhiu cch khc nhau.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun9LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng Tnh ton nhanh cho mt cn phng Tnh ton c th cho mt cn phng vi hnh dng c bit. Tnh ton chiu sng vi nh hng ca nh sng v cc vt dng bn trong v bn ngoi cn phng. Tnh ton chiu sng ngoi tri, ng xNgoi ra Dialux cn cung cp cho ngi s dng mt th vin kh phong ph v cc vt trong nh, cc ca s, ca chnh, kiu sn, ctDialux cho php cc nh sn xut cung cp thng s cc thit b chiu sng thng qua file ci t. Sau thng s ny c s dng nh mt th vin nh km.Cc thng s u vo ca phn mm: Kchthc vhnh dng ca cn phng(ta c thloadfile didng *.dwg hoc dng *.dxf t cc bn v Acad). H s phn x v mu sc ca trn, tng, sn. H s suy gim quang thng. cao treo n, cao lm vic. La chn loi n, b n trong th vin ca nh sn xut. La chn kiu treo n (mt dy, khu vc, trn, n) ri trung bnh yu cu.Cc gi tr xut ra dng PDF: Bng bo co v ri ti cc mt phng. Cng sng, cc ng ng ri. Hnh nh 2D, 3D kt qu chiu sng cn phng. 2.2 Trnh t tnh ton chiu sngTnh ton chiu sng cho mt phng in hnh: VN PHNG 1GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun10LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng1- Kch thc:Chiu di a = 17 ( m ); Chiu rng b = 9 ( m )Chiu cao h = 4 ( m ); Din tch S = 153 ( m2 )2- Mu sn:Trn: Xanh dng H s phn x trn: = 0.7Tng: Xanh dng H s phn x tng: = 0.5Sn:Xanh ruH s phn x sn: = 0.33- ri yu cu:tc = 300( lx )4- Chn h chiu sng:Chung u.5- Chn khong nhit mu: m = 2900-4200 (K) theo th Kruithof.6- Chn bng n:Loi: FDH (Thorn Lighting)m= 4000 (K)aR= 85= 28 (w)= 2600 (lm)7- Chn b n:Loi: Cinqueline 228 Vit sidopanelCp b n : Hiu sut: = 0.71S n /1b: 2 Cng sut 1 b: b= 63(w)Quang thng cc bng trong 1 b: b= 5200 (lm)8- Phn b cc b n: Cch trn:h = 0 (m); B mt lm vic:0.8(m)Chiu cao treo n so vi b mt lm vic:tth= 3.2(m)9- Ch s a im:K = ( )ttabh a b + = 1.839GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun11LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngChn K = 210- H s b: d = 1 21 =10.9;1.1111- T s treo:j = tthh h += 012- H s s dng: U = d d i iu u + = 0.6413- Quang thng tng:tng = . .tcS dU =300 153 1.110.64 =79607.81 lm14- Xc nh s b n:bN= tngb = 79607.815200 = 15.3Chn b n: Chn bN= 15 15- Kim tra sai s quang thng:%= tngtngb bN = 15 5200 79607.8179607.81 = 2.02 % (< 5% - tha) Kt lun: Vy chnbN= 15 b16- Kim tra li ri trung bnh trn b mt lm vic:Etb = b bN US d = 15 5200 0.64153 1.11 = 293.94 lx17- Phn b cc b n:Lngang = 175= 3.4 mLdc =93= 3 mLdc < Lngang tha yu cu.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun12LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng2.3 Thit k chiu sng bng phn mm Dialux2.3.1 Thit k chiu sng trong nhTa s thit k chiu sng cho mt phng in hnh so snh kt qu thu c vi kt qu m ta tnh bng tay trn. Ta chn VN PHNG 1 thit k.S dng phn mm thit k chiu sng Dialux vi phn tnh ton trong nh (New Interior Project). tit kim c thi gian, chng ta dng mt tnh nng t bit ca Dialux l Load DWG or DXF file.Chc nng ny cho php chng ta nhp vo mn hnh lm vic ca Dialux mt bn v Autocad m ta thit k sn. T y chng ta dng chc nng Edit Room Geometry thit lp thng s cho tng phng: Trn cao: 4(m) i vi cc tng. Ring snh chnh l 8.5(m) do c thng tng. n treo st trn. H s phn x: Trn: 0.7 Tng: 0.5 Sn: 0.3 Mt phng lm vic: 0.8 (m) Chn h s suy gim: 0.9 Chn ri yu cu l:300 (lx) Phn b n vi chc nng Field Arangement. Chn loi n: s dng chiu sng cho VN PHNG 1 vi loi n chnh l:THORNCinqueline 228 Vit sidopanelGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun13LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngSau khi nhp cc thng s, chn Output/calculation trn thanh cng c, Dialux s tnh ton v xut ra bng kt qu sau:GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun14LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngTbngkt qu, tanhnthyri trungbnhtrnbmt lmvicbng 320(lx) l t yu cu, s b n l 15 b tng t nh lc ta tnh ton bng tay, sai s quang thng trong gii hn chp nhn c. Nh vy ta c th s dng phn mm Dialux thit k v tnh ton chiu sng trong nh cho ton b ta cao c ny.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun15LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngA. Tng trta. Chn loi n:GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun16LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun17LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngb. Snh chnh: ri yu cu: 200-300 (lx)Din tch: 103.13 m2Kt qu: Dialux sau khi s l cc thng s u vo s xut ra kt qu di dng hnh nh 3D nh sau.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun18LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngTip theo, ta s dng chc nng Calculation trong Dialux. Chng trnh s tnh ton v xut ra kt qu dng s mt bng v bng kt qu bao gm cc thng s nh: Cc thng s u vo nh kch thc, h s suy gim quang thng, cao b mt lm vic Loi v s lng n s dng. ri trung bnh, ri nh nht, ln nht Quang thng tng, cng sut tng GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun19LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngNh vy, ti snh chnh chng ta dng 10 b n Thorn Cinqueline 228 v 27 b n Thorn Corsa. Tng quang thng l 116800 (lm), tng cng sut l 1548 (w). ri trung bnh l 272 (lx) tha yu cu ( 200- 300 lx ).GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun20LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngc. Phng tip khch: ri yu cu: 200-300 (lx)Din tch: 149.43 m2Kt qu:GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun21LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngPhng tip khch ta s dng 8 b n Thorn Cinqueline v 20 b Thorn Corsa. Tng quang thng l 89600 (lm),tng cng sut l 1184 (w). ri trung bnh l 273(lx) tha yu cu.Tng t vi cc phng cn li, quna thng tng, cng sut, s b n s c cho trong bng Luminaire Parts List.d. Phng n: ri yu cu: 150-200 lxKt qu:GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun22LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngB. Khu caf & cu thang:Khu caf ri yu cu: 150-200lxKhu cu thang ri yu cu:100-150lxGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun23LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngKt qu:GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun24LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun25LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun26LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngThit k v tnh ton tng t cho cc tng cn li, kt qu c cho bng ph lc chiu sng.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun27LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng2.3.2 Thit k chiu sng ngoi tri cho cao cA. Chn loi nGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun28LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngB. Trnh t thit kTa s dng chc nng New Exterior Scene thit k m hnh 3D cho ton cao c, t d ta tin hnh thit k chiu sng ngoi tri.Ta dng chc nng Load DWG or DXF file to mt bng tng th ca cao c t file autocad c sn. Sau ta s dng cc cng c v vt dng c h tr trong th vin Furniture file/ Outdoor m phng ton b kin trc bn ngoi ca cao c v khung vin, cy ciC. Kt qu:Dialux s m phng v cho kt qu di dng hnh nh 3D nh sau.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun29LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun30LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngT kt qu phi mu 3D v bng kt qu, ta thy khun vin c chiu sng vi ri chung l 10 lx, ring ti cng vo chnh ri khong 20 lx.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun31LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngChng 3 PH TI TNH TON3.1 Ph ti tnh ton3.1.1 Yu cu ca vic xc nh ph ti tnh tonKhi thit k cung cp in cho mt cng trnh no th bc u tin l phi xc nh c nhu cu v in. Vic xc nh ph ti tnh ton lm c s cho vic chn la dy dn, chn cng sut ca MBA, dy dn, thit b bo v3.1.2 Cc phng php tnh ph ti tnh tonA. nh ngha cc h sa. H s s dng (Ksd)L t s ca ph ti tnh ton trung bnh vi cng sut t hay cng sut nh mc ca thit b trong mt khong thi gian kho st.Ksd = tbdmPPH s s dng ni ln mc s dng, khai thc cng sut ca thit b trong khong thi gian xem xt.b. H s ng thi (Kt)L t s gia cng sut tc dng tnh ton cc i ti nt kho st ca h thng cung cp in vi tng cc cng sut tc dng tnh ton cc i ca cc nhm thit b ni vo nt .Kt =1ittnttiPPH s ng thi dng nh gi s vn hnh khng cng lc ca cc thit b trong cng mt nhm. GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun32LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngc. H s cc i KmaxH s cc i l t s gia cng sut tnh ton v cng sut tc dng trung bnh.Kmax = tttbPPd. H s nhu cu KncL t s gia cng sut tnh ton (trong thit k) hoc cng sut tc dng tiu th (trong iu kin vn hnh) vi cng sut nh mc.Knc = ttdmPPB. Cc phng php tnh ton ph tiHin nay c rt nhiu phng php tnh ton ph ti da trn c s khoa hc v c hon thin v phng din l thuyt trn c s quan st cc ph ti in h tiu th ang vn hnh.Thng thng nhng phng php tnh ton n gin, thun tin li cho kt qu khng tht chnh xc, cn mun chnh xc cao th phi tnh ton rt phc tp. Do vy, ty theo giai on thit k thi cng v yu cu c th m chn phng php tnh ton cho thch hp.Nguyn tc chung tnh ton ph ti ca h thng l t thit b in ngc tr v ngun, tc l tin hnh t bc thp n bc cao ca h thng cung cp in, v ta ch cn tnh ton ti cc im nt ca h thng.a. Phng php h s nhu cu v cng sut tPh ti tnh ton ca nhm thit b c cng ch lm vic v c tnh theo cng thc sau:Ptt = 1nnciK P m Qtt = ttP tg GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun33LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng2 2tt dt tt ttS K P Q + = osttPc H s cng sut: cos11osiindm iindmiP cPPhng php ny tnh ton n gin, nhng kt qu km chnh xc nn t dng tnh ph ti tnh ton cho cc cng trnh.b. Phng php sut tiu hao in nng trn n v sn phmi vi cc h, cng trnh hot ng theo th ph ti, th ph ti t thay i hoc khng thay i th ph ti tnh ton ly bng gi tr trung bnh ca ca ph ti ln nht.Ptt = catbaM aPT 2 2tt tt ttS P Q + = osttPc Vi: Mca : lng sn phm ca ca mang ti ln nhta : sut tiu hao in nng trn n v sn phmTa: thi gian ca ca co lng sn phm ln nhtc. Phng php tnh ton theo tiu chun IECTt c cc ti trong cng nhm khng ng thi hot ng cng lc v khng hot ng bng cng sut nh mc. H s s dng v h s ng thi cho php xc nh cng sut s dng ln nht, t lm c s xc nh cng sut my bin p v kch c dy dn.Ti t phn phi chnh, t phn phi ph v cc t ng lc:Stt = KtS Trong lun vn ny ta chn phng php tnh ton ph ti theo tiu chun IEC.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun34LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng3.2 Tnh ton ph ti cho cao c3.2.1 Ph ti my bm ncC 2 my bm, 1 my lm vic (mt my d phng) My 20(HP) mbP= 20 x 0.8 = 16 (kW) cos = 0.8tg = 0.75 Ksd = 0.9; Kt = 0.5K = KsdxKt = 0.9 x 0.5 = 0.45 Cng sut tc dng tnh ton:Ptt = Pmb x K x N = 16 x 0.45 x 2 = 14.4 (kW) Cng sut phn khng tnh ton:Qtt = Ptt x tg = 14.4 x 0.75 = 10.8 (kVar)3.2.2 Ph ti my bm PCCCC 2 my bm cng hot ng lc cu ha. My 20 (HP)mbP = 20 x 0.8 = 16 (kW) cos = 0.8 tg = 0.75 Ksd = 0.5; Kt = 1K = KsdxKt = 0.5 x 1= 0.5 Cng sut tc dng tnh ton:Ptt = Pmb x K x N = 16 x 0.5 x 2 = 16 (kW) Cng sut phn khng tnh ton:Qtt = Ptt x tg = 16 x 0.75 = 12 (kVar)3.2.3 Thang myC 4 thang my hot ng. Ptm = 20 (kW), N = 4 cos = 0.8 tg = 0.75GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun35LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng Ksd = 0.8; Kt = 1K = KsdxKt = 0.8 x 1 = 0.8 Cng sut tc dng tnh ton:Ptt = Ptm x K x N = 20 x 0.8 x 4 = 64 (kW) Cng sut phn khng tnh ton:Qtt = Ptt x tg = 64 x 0.75 = 48 (kVar)3.2.4 Ph ti h thng lnhTa thit k h thng lnh trung tm cho ton b cao c. Tng din tch cn lm lnh : S = 7000 m2 Chn Kt = 0.9 ; Ksd = 0.6 K = KsdxKt = 0.6 x 0.9 = 0.54 Tng cng sut tc dng cn cung cp cho my nnPtt mn = S x p x K =7000 x 70 x 0.54 = 264.6 (kW)Vi p l cng sut cn cung cp lm lnh din tch 1m2 (p=70~80W/m2) Ta chn 3 my nn loi UW120JAc cng sut mi my l 120 HpPmn = 3 x 120 x 750 = 270 (kW) Cng sut ca cc my cn li trong h thng lnh nh: bm nc nng, bm nc lnhvo khong 10% cng sut my nn. Tng cng sut tc dng cung cp cho h thng lnh Phtl = 110% Pmn = 270 x 110% = 297 (kW) H s cng sut ca ton b h thng lnh cos = 0.8 tg = 0.75 Cng sut phn khng cn cung cp cho h thng lnhQhtl = Phtl x tg = 297 x 0.75 = 222.75 (kVar)3.2.5 Ph ti cc tngA. Tng trtGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun36LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngChia tng trt thnh 3 khu vc chnh: Snh chnh P. Tip khch; Khu Caf Khu v sinh Thang my; Khu bp Phng n Ngh NV Hnh lang; Ti mi khu vc ta s tnh ton ph ti ring cho chiu sng, cm.a. Ph ti chiu sng Snh chnhn chmPb1 = 700W n1= 1 bn THORN Corsa 200 TCPb2 = 34W n2= 27 bn THORN Cinqueline 228Pb3 = 63W n3= 10 bCos = 0.6 ChnKsd = 0.8; Kt = 1 vi n chm K1 = KsdxKt = 0.8Ksd = 1; Kt = 1 vi 2 loi n cn liK2 = KsdxKt = 1Cng sut tc dng tnh ton:Ptt = Pb1 x n1 x K1+ Pb2 x n2 x K2+ Pb3 x n3 x K2 = 700 x 1 x 0.8 + 34 x 27 x 1+ 63 x 10 x 1 = 2108 (W)Cng sut phn khng tnh ton:Qtt = Ptt x tg = 2108 x tg(cos1 (0.6))= 2810.67 (VAr) P.Tip khchn THORN Corsa 200 TCP1 bd = 34W n1= 20 bn THORN Cinqueline 228P2 bd = 63W n2= 8 bCos = 0.6 Chn Ksd= 1; Kt= 1K =Ksd x Kt = 1 Cng sut tc dng tnh ton:Ptt = P1 bd x n1 x K+ P2 bd x n2x KGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun37LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng= 34 x 20 + 63 x 8 = 1184 (W)Cng sut phn khng tnh ton:Qtt = Ptt x tg = 1184 x tg(cos1 (0.6))= 1578.67 (VAr)b. Ph ti cm Snh chnh cm i n = 2, c N = 8 b, cos = 0.8Pc = U x I x cos x n = 220 x 10 x 0.8 x 2 = 3520 (W)Chn Ksd= 0.3; Kt= 0.6 K = 0.3 x 0.6 = 0.18Cng sut tnh ton:Ptt = Pc x N x K = 3520 x 8 x 0.18 = 5068.8 (W)Cng sut phn khng tnh ton:Qtt = Ptt x tg = 5068.8 x tg(cos1 (0.8)) = 3801.6 (Var) P.Tip khch: cm i n = 2, c N = 8 b, cos = 0.8Pc= U x I x cos x n = 220 x 10 x 0.8 x 2 = 3520 (W)Chn Ksd = 0.3; Kt = 0.6K = 0.2 x 0.6 = 0.18Cng sut tnh ton:Ptt = Pc x N x K = 3520 x 8 x 0.18 = 5068.8 (W)Cng sut phn khng tnh ton:Qtt = Ptt x tg = 5068.8 x tg(cos1 (0.8)) = 3801.6 (Var)B. Tnh ton tng t cho cc tng khc, kt qu c cho trong bng sauGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun38LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngC. Tng kt ph ti ton cao cPtng = Ppha max x 3 Ptng= Kt x PtngVi Kt = 0.9Ta c bng kt qu sau:Pha Max Ptt (W) Qtt (Var) P tng (W) Q tng (VarTng trt A 20770.40 16800.44 62311.20 50401.32Tng 1 C 24555.52 15471.77 73666.56 46415.31Tng 2 B 26858.40 20933.06 80575.20 62799.19Tng 3 A 26858.40 20933.06 80575.20 62799.19Tng 4 C 26858.40 20933.06 80575.20 62799.19Tng 5 B 26858.40 20933.06 80575.20 62799.19Tng 6 A 26858.40 20933.06 80575.20 62799.19Tng 7 C 26858.40 20933.06 80575.20 62799.19Sn thng C 6576.00 5026.66 19728.00 15079.97Tng hm A 5832.00 4582.80 17496.00 13748.40Thang my3 Pha64000.00 48000.00Bm nc 14400.00 10800.00Bm cu ha 16000.00 12000.00H thng lnh 297000.00 222750.00Tng cao c 943247.66 716391.13 Cng sut biu kin: Stt = 1184.45 (kVA)Cos = 0.796GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun39LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngChng 4B CNG SUT PHN KHNGV CHN MY BIN P4.1 B cng sut phn khng4.1.1 Tc dng ca b cng sut phn khngHu ht cc thit b in u tiu th cng sut tc dng P v cng sut phn khng Q. Cng sut tc dng l cng sut c bin thnh c nng hoc nhit nng trong cc my dng in. Cn cng sut phn khng l cng sut t ha , n khng sinh ra cng. Mt khc vic to ra cng sut phn khng tiu tn nng lng ca ng c s cp quay my pht in, ng thi cng sut phn khng khng nht thit phi ly t ngun. V vy trnh truyn ti mt lng cng sut phn khng kh ln trn ng dy, ngi ta thng t gn nhng khu vc tiu th in cc my pht sinh ra Q (t in, my b ng b) cung cp trc tip cho ph ti. Ta gi l b cng sut phn khng. Khi c b cng sut phn khng th gc lch pha gia dng in v in p trong mch s nh i, do h s cng sut cos ca mng s c nng cao.Nh vy, tc dng chnh ca b cng sut phn khng l nng cao h s cng sut nhm: Gim tn tht cng sut trong mng in m t bit l trn ng dy truyn ti. n nh cht lng in p. Tng kh nng truyn ti ca ng dy. Tng kh nng pht in ca my pht in Do , vic b cng sut phn khng, nng cao h s cng sut tr thnh nhng vn rt quan trng, cn c quan tm hng u trong thit k v vn hnh h thng in.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun40LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng4.1.2 Cc phng php b cng sut phn khngA. B tp trungp dng khi ti n nh v lin tc. Nguyn l: b t u vo thanh gp h p ca t phn phi chnh v c ng trong thi gian ti hot ng.B. B nhmB nhm c s dng khi mng in qu ln v khi ch ti tiu th theo thi gian ca cc phn on thay i khc nhau.Nguyn l: b t u vo t phn phi khu vc. Hiu qu do b tng phn on cho cc dy dn xut pht t t phn phi chnh n cc t phn phi khu vc c th hin rt r.C. B ringB ring c p dng trong trng hp cng sut ca ng c ng k so vi cng sut ca mng in.Nguyn l: b t u trc tip vo u dy ni ca thit b c tnh cm. 4.1.3 Xc nh dung lng bA. C s l thuytQb = Ptt( )1 2tg tg Qb: lng cng sut phn khng cn b (kVar)Ptt: ph ti tnh ton ca cng trnh1: gc tng ng vi h s cng sut trc khi b2: gc tng ng vi h s cng sut sau khi bB. Thit b bThit b b phi c tnh ton, la chn sao cho ph hp v tnh kinh t ln k thuta. T inc s dng rng ri, nht l nhng ni i hi dung lng b khng ln lm. u im:- Sut tn tht cng sut nh.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun41LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng- Lp rp v bo qun d dng.- T in c ch to thnh nhiu n v nh, v th c th ty theo s pht trin ca ph ti trong qu trnh hot ng m ta c th ghp thm t vo mng, lm cho hiu sut s dng cao v khng phi b nhiu vn u t cng lc. Khuyt im:- Nhy cm vi s bin ng ca in p t ln t.- T in cu to km chc chn, d b ph hng khi xy ra ngn mch. Khi in p ln n 1.1Um th t d b nh thng.- Khi ng t in vo mng s c xung dng in. Cn khi ct t in ra khi mng in th trn cc t in vn cn tch in v lng in tch ny c th gy nguy him cho con ngi.b. My bc dng nhng ni cn b tp trung vi lng ln. u im:- Gn nh v r hn so vi ng c ng b cng cng sut.- Ngoi cng dng b cng sut phn khng, y cn l thit b gp phn iu chnh in p. Khuyt im:- Lp rp, bo qun v vn hnh kh khn, i hi phi c mt trnh chuyn mn nht nh.4.1.4 Tnh ton b cho cao cChn phng n b tp trung thanh ci h p ca my bin p bng t in.Dung lng b c xc nh theo cng thc:Qb = Ptt( )1 2tg tg Cng sut ton cao c c xc nh li nh sau:( )22tt tt tt buS P Q Q + Qb = n x Q0 Vin: s t bGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun42LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngQ0 : cng sut nh mc t b.Khi cng sut t 100% cng sut cao cPtt = 943247.66 (W)Qtt= 716391.13(Var)Stt = 1184.45 (kVA)Cos = 0.796tg = 0.76Ta s nng h s cng sut ny ln n Cos2 = 0.95tg2 = 0.33Dung lng cn b:Qb = Ptt( )1 2tg tg = 943247.66 ( ) 0.76 0.33 = 405.6 (kVar)Chn loi t b KC2 0.38 50 3Y3 vi cc thng s sau:Uo (kV) Qo (kVar) C (F) Kiu ch to H (mm)Khi lng (kg)0.38 50 1102 3 pha 725 60Chn s t b n = 8 t u song song.T xc nh li cng sut tnh ton ca cao c sau khi bQ b = n x Q0 = 8 x 50 = 400 (kVar)Stt sau b = ( )22943247.66 716391.13 400000 + = 994.9 (kVA)H s cng sut sau khi bCos = saubttttPS= 943247.66994900 = 0.948 ;0.954.2 Chn my bin p4.2.1 Khi nimMy bin p dng bin i in nng t cp in p ny n cp in p khc. in nng sn xut t nh my in c truyn ti ti h tiu th xa phi qua ng dy cao th 110,200,500 kv thng qua my bin p tng t in p my GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun43LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngpht (Umf) ln in p tng ng. cui ng dy cao p cn li cn my bin p gim v in p thch hp vi mng phn phi. V d 22; 15; 0.4 kVTrong h thng ln thng qua nhiu ln tng, gim mi a in nng t cc my pht in n cc h tiu th. V vy tng cng sut my bin p trong h thng in c th bng 4 n 5 ln tng cng sut ca cc my pht in.4.2.2 Phn loi my bin p My bin p mt pha, ba pha. My bin p hai cun dy, ba cun dy. My bin p c cun dy phn chia. My bin p t ngu mt pha, ba pha. My bin p tng, h p. My bin p c hoc khng c iu chnh di ti. My bin p li do nhiu nc ch to theo tiu chun khc nhau, iu kin lm vic cng c th khc nhau khi thit k cung cp in cn ch kha cnh ny.4.2.3 Chn v tr t trm bin pV tr t trm bin p ph thuc vo: Tm ph ti in: nu trm bin p t tm ph ti th s m bo c tn tht cng sut, in nng v tn tht in p l b nht. V tr t trm cn thun tin cho ng dy ra vo. V tr t trm to iu kin thun li cho vic lp t, thi cng, thao tc, vn hnh, sa cha v qun l d dng. V tr t trm m bo phng chy n, chng m t, bi bm v kh n mn. m bo an ton cho ngi v thit b.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun44LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng4.2.4 Chn s lng my bin p trong trmS lng v chng loi my bin p trong trm thng c chn theo qui tc sau: Chng loi my bin p trong trm bin p nn chn ng nht, hoc t chng loi gim s lng my bin p d phng, v n gin trong lp t, vn hnh. S lng my bin p trong trm ph thuc vo nhiu yu t nh: yu cu lin tc cung cp in ca h ph ti, yu cu v vn hnh kinh t trm bin p i vi h ph ti loi mt thng chn hai my bin p tr ln. i vi h ph ti loi haith s lng my bin p c chn ph thuc vo hiu qu kinh t, k thut. Tuy nhin n gin trong vn hnh s lng my bin p trong trm khng nn qu ba my bin p, v cc my ny nn c cng cng sut.4.2.5 Chn my bin p cho cao cChn my bin p l chn loi, s lng, cng sut nh mc, t s bin p: Nu cng trnh c nhu cu m rng ph ti trong tng lai ln th vic chn cng sut my bin p phi ln hn so vi cng sut ph ti hin ti mt lng ng k. Nu cng trnh khng c nhu cu m rng, th nn chn my bin p c cng sut bng hoc nh hn cng sut tnh ton hin ti, nhng phi bo m v yu cu cung cp in nhm gim chi ph u t. Khi my bin p c chn c kh nng phi lm vic qu ti. Nu yu cu i hi ch tiu cung cp in cao, c th s dng t 2 my bin p tr ln.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun45LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngTa chn phng n s dng 1 my bin p v c ngun d phng cho cao cbng my pht Diesel My bin p c t ngoi tri, v c b tr trn s mt bng tng th.Sm MBA 994.9 (kVA) Ta chn my bin p 3 pha hai dy qun do Vit Nam ch to (THIBIDI). inp15kV, 22kVt 2x2.5%/0.4kV. Tudy /Y011vi cc thng s:Cng sut nh mc (kVA)Dng in nh mc (A)thng s k thut trng lng (kg)khch thc (mm)I1 I2 Po Io Pn Un Cun dy & li thpdu tng rng di cao22 (kV)15 (kV)0.4 (kV)(W) (%) (W) (%)1000 26.2 38.5 1443.4 2150 1.0 12000 5.5 2381 923 4226 1574 1950 25504.10.1 Chn ngun d phng m bo cung cp in lin tc, trong trng hp mt in t xut ta cn phi chn mt ngun d phng. Thit k mt ng dy ph ni t thanh ci h p ca trm in t my pht Diesel d phng, trong trng hp mt in my ny s vn hnh.A. Chn my pht in c cc thng s k thut sau Hng sn xut: DENYO ng c:MITSUBISHI Loi: DENYO DCA-1100SPM 1000 KVA Cng sut nh mc : 1000kVA in p nh mc: 380 V Tn s:50HZB. Chn b o chiu ATS ( Automatic Transfer Switch)GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun46LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tnga. Chc nng ca b o chiu ATS Gim st ngun in: T khi ng my n khi mt in li v t ng ngt my n khi c in li tr li.Thi gian tr ng in my n k t khi my n bt u hot ng, hoc thi gian ng in li t khi c in li tr li c th thay i c d dng. Chng dao ng in: Khi ngun in n nh, h thng s ngt in n ti bo v ti. Khi ngun in n nh tr li sau mt khong thi gian nht nh th mi ng in n ti. Chc nng bo v: H thng c chc nng chng qu/thp p, mt pha in li: Khi mng in li b mt mt trong ba pha, hoc khi mng in li ba pha xy ra hin tng tng p hoc thp p vt ra ngoi di t , th h thng t ng ngt ti ra khi mng in li v khi ng my pht in cp in cho ti. Khi mng in li thc s n nh tr li sau khong thi gian t trc tu (t 1 n 10 pht), th h thng s t ng tt my pht in v ng in li n ti. Chcnngch th: Cntnhiuch th trngthi hot ng: in li/my pht. Chc nng cnh bo: Cnh bo ti ch v truyn tn hiu cnh bo v trung tm i vi cc s kin (tu t). Cc thng s hot ng cho h thng c ci t d dng tu ngi vn hnh.b. S khiH thng ATS gm 3 b phn: B iu khin: gim st trng thi v iu khin hot ng ca ton b h thng ATS. Hot ng t ng. H thng ng in: ng in li/in my n n ti v gi cc thng tin v b iu khin. Hot ng t ng. Cu dao o pha (nu c): u tt in li/in my n n ti m khng thng qua h thng ATS. Do nhn vin vn hnh (ch s dng c s c).c. Mt s lu khi s dung b ATS Trong iu kin bnh htng, cc attomat lun t v tr ng(ON).GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun47LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng Thi gian tr cp in my pht cho mng ti sau khi c in li tr li bng tng thi gian ca hai khi n nh qu/thp p in li v khi n nh in li. Thi gian tr cp in my pht cho mng ti sau khi my n chy bng thi gian ln nht c t trong hai khi n nh in my n v n nh my n. Thi gian c t phi ph hp theo tng ma. Cn phi c bit lu khi t thi gian khi ny. H thng c km theo hp cu dao o pha d phng. Cu dao o pha c tc dng u tt in li hoc my n n ti khi h thng ATS gp s c. Ch c s dng cu dao ny khi h thng ATS c s c v phi lm theo cc hng dn di y:- Ngt ht cc attomat trong h thng ATS.- ng cu dao v v tr in li nu mun s dng in li cp cho ti. - ng cu dao v v tr my pht nu mun s dng in my pht cp cho mng ti sau khi my n khi ng v hot ng n nh.Chng 5GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun48LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngTNH TON CHN CB V DY DNTNH TON NGN MCH, ST P5.1 Chn thit b bo v Thit b bo v trong li h p c th l CB hoc cu ch. Trong lun vn ny ta ch chn thit b bo v l CB.5.1.1 Cc c tnh c bn ca mt CB gmin p s dng nh mc UmCB: l gi tr in p m thit b c th vn hnh trong iu kin bnh thng.Dng in nh mc ImCB: l gi tr cc i ca dng lin tc m CB v r le bo v qu dng c th chu ng c v hn nh nhit mi trng do nh ch to quy nh, v nhit ca cc b phn mang in khng vt qu gii hn cho php.Dng tc ng c hiu chnh khi ngn mch Ict t: m bo s ct nhanh khi c dng s c ln.Dng tc ng c hiu chnh khi qu ti Iknhit: l gi tr dng ngng tc ng ca CB, cng l dng cc i CB c th chu ng c m khng dn n s nh tip im. Gi tr ny cn phi ln hn dng lm vic ln nht Ilvmax v nh hn dng cho php hiu chnh Icp khi tnh ton chn dy.5.1.2 Cc iu kin chn CB UmCB Uli ImCB Itt Isc = Icu = ( ) 3scI Ilvmax> Ir > IcpddImm max > Im > Imm minCBNI (3)scIVi: UmCB: in p nh mc CB (kV)GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun49LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngUli: in p nh mc li (kV)ImCB (In) : Cng dng in ct nh mc ca CB (kAItt: Cng dng in tnh ton ca ph ti (A)CBNI: Cng dng in ngn mch CB chu c (A)(3)scI: Dng ngn mch 3 pha i xng (A)Ilvmax: Cng dng in lm vic ln nht (A)Im: Cng dng in khi ng t ca CBImm: Cng dng in khi ng ca thit b (A)Inm min: Cng dng in ngn mch nh nht i qua CB, y l dng ngn mch 1 pha (kA)Inm max: Cng dng in ngn mch ln nht i qua CB, y l dng ngn mch 3 pha (kA)Ir: Cng dng in tc ng ca CB (A)5.1.3 Chnh nh CBi vi CB c b tc ng kiu in t th chnh nh chia lm 2 phn:Chnh th:0ttnIKIChnh tinh: 0ttrnIKI KSau khi tnh c K0 v Kr da vo thang chnh nh ca c cu tc ng tng ng vi CB chn chn li K0 v Kr cho ph hp Dng chnh nh ca CB l: 0 r r ttI K K I i vi CB tc ng kiu t nhit th chnh theo rle.5.2 Chn dy dnChn dy dn cng l mt cng vic kh quan trng, v dy dn chn khng ph hp, tc khng tho cc yu cu v k thut th c th dn n cc s c nh chp mch do dy dn b pht nng qu mc dn dn h hng cch in. T lm gim tin cy cung cp in v c th gy ra nhiu hu qu nghim trng. Bn cnh vic tho mn cc yu cu v k thut th vic chn la dy dn cng cn phi tho mn cc yu cu kinh t. GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun50LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng5.2.1 Nhng cch xc nh tit din dy dn Xc nh tit din dy theo st p Xc nh tit din dy theo iu kin pht nng v bn c.Trong thit k la chn dy dn, thng thng ngi ta s chn dy theo iu kin pht nng v kim tra li iu kin st p cho php.5.2.2 Nguyn tc chn dy dnNguyn tc chn dy li h th (25mm2 SN=Sphab. i vi dy PE:Theo tiu chun IEC 724 c th chn dy PE theo phng php ng nhit hoc phng php n gin.Theo phng php ng nhit:chamvoPEI tSkTrong :t: Thi gian ng ct dng chm vIchm v: Dng chm vGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun53LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngk: Hng s, ph thuc vo vt liu dy, cch in nhit ban u v nhit cui ca dy khi c dng chm v chy qua.Theo phng php n gin (dy ng):Spha16mm2 SPE=Spha16mm2Spha35mm2 SPE=16mm2Spha>35mm2 SPE= Spha/25.3 Tnh ton, kim tra v chnh nh CB chn dy cho cao c5.3.1 T my bin p n TPPC A. Chn dy dna. Dy phaSMBA = 1000 (kVA)3ttttdmdaySIU = 10000003 380 = 1519.34(A)Chn dy dnCp ngmCp t trong ng ngm K 4 = 0.8 (bng H1- 19 IEC)C 4 mch cp ngm K 5 = 0.65 (bng H1- 20 IEC)t mK 6 = 1.05 (bng H1- 21 IEC)Nhit mi trng l 300K 7 = 0.89 (bng H1- 22 IEC) K = K 4 x K 5 x K 6 x K 7= 0.8 x 0.65 x 1.05 x 0.89= 0.48594Dng in lm vic cho php lm vic lu di ca dy dnIcpdd = ax lvmIK =3126.6 (A) Chn 12 si cp ng h p, 1 li cch in PVC do Lens ch to, mi pha l 4 si cp n mang dng 781.65 (A)Chn dy cp c S = 500 mm2, c dng cho php l 864 (A)b. Dy trung tnh v dy PE GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun54LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngSN = 2PhaS= 4 5002 =2x500(mm2)Chn 2 si cp ng h p, 1 li cch in PVC do Lens ch to, c S = 500 mm2, dng cho php l 864 (A)Vy ta chn c kt qu: 3x(4x500)B. Chn CBT k In Ilvmax chn CB CM 1600N (3P) cIn =1600(A)Icu =70(kA)Chnh nh CBDng hiu chnh ca CB'ax lvm r cpI I I dy dn 1519.34rI 0.48594 x 34561519.340 n rI K K 1679.411519.3416000 rK K 1679.411600max0lvnIKI=1519.341600= 0.949Chn K0 = 11519.34 1679.411600 1600rK Chn Kr = 1 Ir= K0 x Kr x In= 1 x 1 x 1600 = 1600 (A)Chn Km = 3 Im = Km x Ir= 3 x 1600 = 4800(A)5.3.2 T TPPC n TPP.PTCA. Chn dy dna. Dy phaPtt= PBN +PBPCCC +PTM = 14400 + 16000 + 64000= 94.4 (kW)GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun55LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngQtt= QBN +QBPCCC +QTM = 10800 + 12000 + 48000 = 70.8 (kVAr)Stt= 2 2tt ttP Q += 2 294.4 70.8 += 118 (kVA)3ttttdmdaySIU = 1180003 380 = 179.28 (A)Chn dy dnCp niCp t trong ng gn st trn K 1 = 1 (bng H1- 13 IEC)C 12 si cptrong ng K 2 = 0.61 (bng H1- 14 IEC)Nhit mi trng l 300K 3 = 1 (bng H1- 15 IEC) K = K 1 x K 2 x K 3 = 1 x 0.61 x 1= 0.61Dng in lm vic cho php lm vic lu di ca dy dnIcpdd = ax lvmIK =293.9 (A) Chn cp ng h p, 1 li cch in PVC do LENS ch to, c S = 100 c dng cho php l 312 A (trong nh).b. Dy trung tnh v dy PE SN = 2PhaS= 1002 =50 (mm2)Chn cp ng h p, 1 li cch in PVC do Lens ch to, c S = 50 mm2, dng cho php l 204 (A)Vy ta chn c kt qu: 3x(100) B. Chn CBT k In Ilvmax chn CB NS250N (3P) cIn = 250 (A)Icu = 36 (kA)GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun56LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngChn Trip unit STR22SEChnh nh CBDng hiu chnh ca CB'ax lvm r cpI I I dy dn 179.28rI 0.61x312179.280 n rI K K 190.32179.282500 rK K 190.32250max0lvnIKI=179.28250= 0.72Chn K0 = 0.750.72 0.760.75 0.75rK Chn Kr = 1 Ir= K0 x Kr x In= 0.75 x 1 x 250 =187.5 (A)Chn Km = 3Im= Km x Ir= 3 x 187.5 = 562.5 (A)5.3.3 T TPPC n TPT.HTLA. Chn dy dna. Dy phaStt = 371.25 (kVA)3ttttdmdaySIU = 3712503 380 = 564.06 (A)Chn dy dnCp niCp t trong ng gn st trn K 1 = 1 (bng H1- 13 IEC)C 12 si cp trong ng K 2 = 0.61 (bng H1- 14 IEC)Nhit mi trng l 300K 3 = 1 (bng H1- 15 IEC) K = K 1 x K 2 x K 3 GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun57LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng= 1 x 0.61 x 1= 0.61Dng in lm vic cho php lm vic lu di ca dy dnIcpdd = ax lvmIK =924.71 (A) Chn 6 si cp ng h p, 1 li cch in PVC do Lens ch to, mi pha l 2 si cp n mang dng 462.36 (A)Chn dy cp c S = 200 mm2, c dng cho php l 480 (A)b. Dy trung tnh v dy PE SN = 2PhaS= 2 2002 =200(mm2)Chn cp ng h p, 1 li cch in PVC do Lens ch to, c S = 200 mm2, dng cho php l 480 (A)Vy ta chn c kt qu: 3x(2x200) B. Chn CBT k In Ilvmax chn CB NS630N (3P) cIn = 630 (A)Icu = 45 (kA)Chn Trip unit STR23SEChnh nh CBDng hiu chnh ca CB'ax lvm r cpI I I dy dn 564.06rI 0.61x960564.060 n rI K K 585.6564.066300 rK K 585.6630max0lvnIKI=564.06630= 0.89Chn K0 = 0.90.89 0.920.9 0.9rK Chn Kr = 1 Ir= K0 x Kr x InGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun58LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng= 0.9 x 1 x 630 =567 (A)Chn Km = 3Im= Km x Ir= 3 x 567 = 1701 (A)5.3.4 Tnh ton chn dy v CB tng t cho cc tng v cc thit b khc, kt qu c cho trong bng sau5.4 Kim tra ngn mch5.4.1 Khi nim Ngn mch l hin tng cc pha chm nhau (i vi mng trung tnh cch ly hoc ni t) hoc hin tng cc pha chm nhau v chm t (mng trung tnh ni t GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun59LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngtrc tip). Lc ngn mch xy ra, tng tr ca h thng gim i, cc i lng ca mch in nh dng in v in p b thay i.Ngn mch thng l s c thong qua, ngha l c th t ht v khi c loi tr bng tc ng tc thi ca my ct th s khng xut hin tr li khi ng my ct sau . Nguyn nhn s c ny thng c th do st hoc mt s tc ng khc nh s lc l ca dy dn gy ra phng in hoc c s va chm ca cc vt khc bn ngoi vo ng dyNgn mch lu di l tnh trng s c nghim trng, ngn mch vn cn tn ti khi ng my ct tr li sau tc ng ct tc thi nu khng c bin php s l kp thi. ngyun nhn s s ny c th do dy chm t, do s cch in b v, do h hng cch in hoc do b phn qu in p xung b hng.Trong thc t, ta thng gp cc dng ngn mch: ngn mch 3 pha (N(3)), hai pha (N(2)), mt pha (N(1)) v hai pha chm nhau chm t (N(1,1))N (1)ABC

N (2)ABCN (2)ABC N (3)ABCAQua thng k cho thy, xc sut xy ra ngn mch mt pha l nhiu nht (65%), cn xc sut xy ra ngn mch ba pha l b nht, ch chim 5%, nhng ngn mch ba pha l s c nng n nht v ta cn phi xt n khi tnh ton la chn cc thit b bo v cho h thng in. Cn ngn mch mt pha l tnh trng nh nht v ta thng xt n khi tnh ton la chn ngng tc ng cho cc thit b bo v.5.4.2 Mc ch tnh ton ngn mchKim tra kh nng ct ca thit b nhm la chn cc kh c in ph hp.Kim tra nhy ca thit b bo v.Kim tra n nh nhit ca dy dn.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun60LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngKim tra bn in ng.Kim tra n nh ca h thng.5.4.3 Cc cng thc tnh ngn mchTnh ngn mch 3 phaa. Cng thc tnhIN(3) = thdmZU* 3Vi Zth l tng tr tng cng nhn t im ngn mch tr v ngun.Cch xc nh tng tr ca cc phn t: CB:Trong li in h p,tng tr ca cc CB nm phi trc v tr s c phi c tnh n. Cm khng c th tip nhn gi tr 0.15 cho mi CB, trong khi tr khng c th b qua. Thanh gp:Tr kng ca thanh gp c b qua v cm khngc ly gi tr 0.15 cho mi m chiu di. Dy dn:Tr khng ca dy dn c tra theo cc bng tra hoc tnh gn ng theo cng thc:R =FL = ro x L : l in tr sut ca dy dn khi c nhit vn hnh bnh thng v bng 22.5/Km ( cho ng), hoc 36/Km ( vi dy nhm). ro: in tr trn mt n v chiu di( /km) do nh sn xut cung cp.Cm khng X ca dy cp, khi khng c s liu c th ly gi tr bng 0.07 0.09/km. b. Tnh ton thng s MBA:Xc nh tng tr MBA:RB = dmdmNSU P22* GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun61LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng = 22750400 * 9= 2.56 (m)XB = dmdmNSU U22* 100* % = 750 * 100400 * 5 . 52 = 11.73 (m)ZB = 2 2B BR Z = 2 211.73 2.56 = 11.45 (m)c. Tnh ton ngn mch ba pha ti TPPC S thay th:Tng tr MBA:RB = 2.56 (m)XB = 11.45 (m)ZB =11.73 (m)Tnhtng tr dy dn:Vi dy dn 3x(4x400), c ro=0.01175/km, xo=0.08/km, L=25m.Rd1 = ro* L = 0.01175*25 = 0.3925 (m)Xd1 = xo*L = 0.08*25 = 2 (m)T , ta tnh c tng tr tng ng v dng ngn mch ba pha:Rth1 = RB + Rd1 = 2.56 + 0.3925 = 2.9525 (m)Xth1 = XB + Xd1 = 11.45+ 2 = 13.45 (m) Zth1 =2121 th thX R += 2 22.9525 13.45 + =13.77 (m)GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun62LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng I(3)N1 = 4003*13.77 = 16.77 (kA)CBcuI= 70 (kA) > I(3)N1 ( tha iu kin chn thit b bo v)d. Tnh ngn mch ba pha tng t ti cc TPP ca tng tng, kt qu cho bng sauV tr Loi dy dnZcechiu di (m)Zd R X Ro XoTPP.TH 14.94 3x2.5 0 0.15 70 7.41 0 0.45TPP.TT 73.66 3x22 0 0.15 45 0.84 0 5.67TPP.T1 64.19 3x22 0 0.15 50 0.84 0 5.38TPP.T2 149.6 3x80 0 0.15 54 0.234 0.08 9.77TPP.T7 149.6 3x80 0 0.15 76 0.234 0.08 8.11TPP.ST 18.94 3x2.5 0 0.15 80 7.41 0 0.39TPP.PTC 179.3 3x100 0 0.15 5 0.184 0.08 16TPP.HTL 564.1 3x(2x200) 0 0.15 3 0.047 0.08 16.45T bng kt qu, ta thy cc thit b bo v c chn i vi cc t phn phi l tha yu cu.5.5 Kim tra st pTng tr ca ng dy tuy nh nhng khi dy mang ti th s lun tn ti st p gia u v cui ng dy.St p ln trn ng dy s gy ra nhng hu qu nh: cc thit b in ni chung s lm vic khng n nh, tui th ca cc thit b gim (c khi b h hng ngay), tng tn tht, pht nngGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun63( )ttI A3( )sckA LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngKim tra st p l nhm m bo cho dy dn c chn phi tha mn iu kin st p cho php khi dy mang ti ln nht.Quy nh v st p ln nht cho php s thay i ty theo quc gia. Khi kim tra st p m ln hn gi tr cho php th ta phi tng tit din dy dn cho ti khi tha iu kin st p cho php. Thng thng khi thit k th nn chn gi tr ny khng c vt qu 5%Um.3 ( cos sin )d o oU I R X L + 2 ( cos sin )p o oU I R X L + Ta cthtnh nhanhstptrndydnbng cchtra bng H1 29Sch HDTKVLD theo tiu chun IEC c cho trn 1km chiu di ng vi 1A.Thc hin kim tra st p cho mt s tuyn ca cao c: Tuyn t MBA n cm TH- T thanh ci MBA n TPPCItt = 1519.34 (A)L = 25 (m) Tit din dy S = 400 (mm2) Ro = 0.01175 ( /Km)13 ( cos sin )d o oU I R X L + = 1519.343 (0.01175 0.8 0.08 0.6) 0.0254 + = 0.94 (V)- T TPPC n TPP.THItt = 14.94 (A)L = 70 (m) Tit din dy S = 2.5 (mm2) Ro = 7.41 ( /Km)23 ( cos sin )d o oU I R X L + =3 14.94 (7.41 0.83 0.08 0.56) 0.07 + = 11.22 (V)GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun64LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng1 2 d d dU U U + = 0.94+11.22=12.16 (V)13dpUU =12.163=7.02- T T.OC n cm xa nhtItt = 20 (A)L = 50(m) Tit din dy S = 2.5 (mm2) Ro = 7.41 ( /Km)22 ( cos sin )p o oU I R X L + = 2 20 (7.41 0.8 0.08 0.6) 0.05 + = 11.95(V)1 2 p p pU U U + =7.02+11.95=18.97 (V) st p:18.97100230= 8.2% (>6%) nn khng tha.Ta chn li dy i vi cc TPP tng c tit din nh nht l 11mm2 .Kt qu tnh ton st p sau khi chn li i vi tuyn trn - T TPPC n TPP.THItt = 14.94 (A)L = 70 (m) Tit din dy S = 11 (mm2) Ro = 1.71 ( /Km)23 ( cos sin )d o oU I R X L + =3 14.94 (1.71 0.83 0.08 0.56) 0.07 + = 2.65 (V)1 2 d d dU U U + = 0.94+2.65=3.59 (V)13dpUU =3.593= 2.071 2 p p pU U U + =2.07+11.95=14.02 (V) st p:14.02100230= 6% nn tha yu cu v st p.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun65LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng Tuyn t MBA n n ST- T thanh ci MBA n TPPCItt = 1519.34 (A)L = 25 (m) Tit din dy S = 400 (mm2) Ro = 0.01175 ( /Km)13 ( cos sin )d o oU I R X L + = 1519.343 (0.01175 0.8 0.08 0.6) 0.0254 + = 0.944 (V)- T TPPC n TPP.STItt = 18.94 (A)L = 80 (m) Tit din dy S = 11 (mm2) Ro = 1.71 ( /Km)23 ( cos sin )d o oU I R X L + =3 18.94 (1.71 0.8 0.08 0.6) 0.08 + = 6.4 (V)1 2 d d dU U U + = 0.94+6.4=7.34 (V)13dpUU =7.343=4.23- T T.CS n n xa nhtItt = 20 (A)L = 30(m) Tit din dy S = 2.5 (mm2) Ro = 7.41 ( /Km)22 ( cos sin )p o oU I R X L + = 2 20 (7.41 0.96 0.08 0.28) 0.03 + = 8.56(V)1 2 p p pU U U + =4.23+8.56=12.79 (V)GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun66LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng st p:12.79100230= 5.5% ( th) 1 ( . 75 , 0hhh rxx x b. Phm vi bo v ca hai ct thu st: Hai ct thu st c chiu cao bng nhau:GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun87Hnh. Phm vi bo v ca 1 ct thu st0.2h 1/3h2/3h hx rx0.75h 1.5hLVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng- Nu hai ct t cch nhau mt on a = 7.h th mi im trn mt t gia hai ct thu st c bo v.- Nu hai ct t cch nhau mt on a < 7h th hai ct thu st c th bo v c cng trnh c cao ho t gia hai ct thu st:pah h. 70 Khi: 3. 2oxhh th ) 1 ( . 75 . 0oxo oxhhp h r Hai ct thu st c cao khc nhau:- V nguyn tc, phm vi bo v ca hai ct thu st ny c th c xy dng nh sau:- u tin dng phm vi ca ct thu st th nht, c chiu cao cao hn, sau dng phm vi bo v ca ct thu st th hai. T nh ca ct thu st th hai v mt ng thng nm ngang ct phm vi bo v ca ct thu st th nht mt im, im ny c chiu cao so vi mt t bng chiu cao ca ct thu st th hai (xem nh y l mt ct gi GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun882/3hhx 0.2hCt gi tng0.75h1.5hrxroxrxHnh. Chiu cao bo v ca hai ct thu st cao bng nhauahoLVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngtng). Cui cng v ng cong phm vi bo v ca ct th hai v ct gi tng theo phng php hai ct c chiu cao ging nhau.- Trong trng hp ny, nu chiu cao ca ct thu st th hai l h30m, tr s ho c xc nh theo cng thc:70Lh h (8.13)Trong : H: l chiu cao ca ct thu st th hai (m).L: khong cch gia ct th hai v ct gi tng (m).c. Phm vi bo v ca nhiu ct thu st:Khi cng trnh cn c bo v chim mt din tch rng th ngi ta t nhiu ct thu st. Mt bng ca cc ct thu st to thnh cc hnh tam gic hay hnh ch nht. vng bo v ca cc ct thu st c xc nh nh sau: Bn ngoi a gic, vng bo v s c xc nh bi tng i mt cc ct thu st. Bn trong a gic, mt cao hx s c bo v nu n tha iu kin D ( ) 8xh h GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun89h2h1rx1rx2roxh0Hnh. Bn knh bo v ca hai ct thu st cao khc nhauLVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngTrong : h: cao ca ct thu st.D: ng knh vng trn ngoi tip a gic.d. Phm vi bo v ca dy thu st:Ty theo cch b tr dy dn trn ct c th mt hoc hai dy thu st. Cc dy thu st c treo bn trn ng dy ti in sao cho dy dn ca c ba pha u nm trong phm vi bo v ca dy thu st.Dy bo v ca ct treo mt dy thu st c tnh theo cng thc n gin sau (vi h 30m): cao hx > 23h bx = 0,6(h - hx) cao hx 23h bx = 1,2(h 1,25hx)GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun90h0,2h2bxhx0,6h1,2hDCSHnh. Bn knh bo v ca nhiu ct thu st LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngi vi trng hp hai dy: pha trong gia hai dy, phm vi bo v c gii hn bi cung trn i qua cc dy thu st v im gia c cao ho = h 4a.Ngoi ra c th xt n phm vi bo v ca dy thu st i vi tr in lc. Trong trng hp ny, phm vi bo v ca dy thu st th hin qua gc bo v . Dy dn s c bo v hon ton nu gc bo v khng qu 25o; gim gc bo v s lm gim xc sut st nh vo dy dn nhng phi tng gi thnh v phi tng chiu cao ct.7.3.2 Phng php bo v hin iGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun91Ra1,2hh0=h-a/4hDCSDCS0,.2hHnh. Phm vi bo v ca hai dy chng st2bxHnh. Phm vi bo v ca mt dy chng stLVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngPhng php bo v c in bng kim thu st l phng php bo v th ng, tc l ta tnh ton v t kim thu st phng nga. Khi c st nh th khng m bo chc chn 100% s nh vo kim thu st m khng nh vo v tr cn bo v.Ngy nay, hin tng st c nghin cu mt cch su rng v y . Ngi ta nghin cu v ch to thnh cng cc thit bi thu st tch cc. Vi cc thit b thu st ny th kh nng m bo thu st gn nh 100%.C rt nhiu nh sn xut p dng k thut chng st tin tin vo thc t, y xin gii thiu cng ngh v cch tnh ton ca nh sn xut indelec(Php). Mt nh sn xut i tin phong v t thnh cng sm vi thit b chng st to tia tin o PREVECTRON-2.A. Nguyn tc hot ng ca u thu st PREVETRON-2Trong trng hp dng bo xy ra, in trng kh quyn gia tng nhanh chng v t khong vi ngn V/m, u thu st PREVECTRON-2 s thu nng lng in trng kh quyn bng h thng in cc pha di,nng lng ny c tch tr trong thit b ion ha. Trc khi xy ra hin tng phng in st (gi l st nh) c mt s gia tng nhanh chng v t ngt ca in trng kh quyn, nh hng ny tc ng lm thit b ion ha gii phng nng lng ang tch lu di dng ion, to ra mt ng dn tin o v pha trn, ch ng dn st.B. Cu to ca thit b chng st PREVECTRON-2 a. Kim thu st trung tm: Bng dng in phn hoc thp khng r, kim ny c tc dng to mt ng dn dng st lin tc t pha tia tin o v dn xung t theo dy dn st. Kim thu st ny c gn trn tr cao ti thiu l 2m.b. Hp bo v: Bng ng hoc thp khng r, c tc dng bo v thit b to ion bn trong. Hp ny c gn vo kim thu st trung tm . c. Thit b to ion, gii phng ion v pht tia tin o:y l thit bi c tnh nng c bit ca u thu st Prevectron-2. Nh thit b ny m u thu st c th to ra mt vng bo v rng ln vi mc an ton cao.d. H thng cc in cc pha trn: GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun92LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngC tc dng pht tia tin o.e. H thng cc in cc pha di:C tc dng thu nng lng in trng kh quyn, gip cho thit b chng st hot ng.C. u khuyt im ca u thu st PREVECTRON-2 a. u im: Bn knh bo v rng :Rp= ( ) ( ) 2 2 h D h L D L + + Trong : h-chiu cao tht ca u kim. D = 20m ; 45m ; 60m ty vo cp bo v 3, 2, 1.T=10-6.T ( Tc tra theo loi u thu st). T ng hot ng hon ton, khng cn ngun cung cp in. Ni t n gin nhng tin cy cao.b. Khuyt im: Gi thnh cao, vn u t cho cng trnh ln.7.4 Tnh ton chng st cho cao c7.4.1 Thit k h thng chng st nh trc tipDo nhng i hi v mt thm m v t bit l tnh an ton cao i vi cng trnh cao c, v vy phng n chng st hin i bng u thu st PREVECTRON-2 s c s dng cao c 10 tng ny. Thng s k thut ca cc loi u thu st v phm vi bo v ca loi u thu st PREVECTRON-2 trn th trng:Bng thng s k thut.Loi u thu stGi tr T(s)M s loi ngM s loi thpTrng lng (kg)S 6.60 60 1241 1242 4,2S 4.50 50 1231 1232 4,0S 3.40 40 1221 1222 3,8TS 3.40 40 1211 1212 2,5TS 2.25 25 1201 1202 2,3GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun93LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngBn knh bo v Rp ca bo v cp 1h (m) >> 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 15 20S 6.60 31 47 63 79 79 79 79 79 80 80S 4.50 27 41 55 68 69 69 69 69 70 70S 3.40 23 35 46 58 58 59 59 59 60 60TS 3.40 23 35 46 58 58 59 59 59 60 60TS 2.25 17 25 34 42 43 43 43 44 45 45Bn knh bo v Rp ca bo v cp 2h (m) >> 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 15 20 45S 6.60 39 58 78 97 97 98 99 101 102 105S 4.50 34 52 69 86 87 87 88 90 92 95S 3.40 30 45 60 75 76 77 77 80 81 85TS 3.40 30 45 60 75 76 77 77 80 81 85TS 2.25 23 34 46 57 58 59 61 63 65 70Bn knh bo v Rp ca bo v cp 3h (m) >> 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 15 45 60S 6.60 43 64 85 107 107 108 109 113 119 120S 4.50 38 57 76 95 96 97 98 102 109 110S 3.40 33 50 67 84 84 85 87 92 99 100TS 3.40 33 50 67 84 84 85 87 92 99 100TS 2.25 26 39 52 65 66 67 69 75 84 85V ta cao c l cng trnh bo v cp 3, nn t bng bn knh bo v ca bo v cp 3, ta chn loi u thu st S 6.60.Loi u thu stGi tr T(s)M s loi ngM s loi thpTrng lng (kg)Chiu cao tht ca u kim h(m)Bn knh bo v Rp(m)S 6.60 60 1241 1242 4,2 2 43GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun94LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngTa kim tra bn knh bo v ca u thu st ti mt s cao: cao 49.5mBn knh cn bo v R = 12.8mChiu cao tht ca kim h = 2m, bn knh bo v ca u thu st Rp = 43m.V Rp > R nn cao ny c bo v. cao 45mBn knh cn bo v R = 24.7mChiu cao tht ca kim h = 6.5m, bn knh bo v ca u thu st Rp > 107m.V Rp > R nn cao ny c bo v. Vi nhng cao < 45m, bn knh cn c bo v < 107m. Nh vy, ton b cao c c bo v bi u thu st.7.4.2 Tnh ton h thng ni t chng stTheo quy trnh quy phm k thut v an ton in th in tr ni t chng st khng c vt qu 10 ti cc im ni t.Cc thng s ban u: in tr t yu cu: Rn = 10 ( ). = 100 ( m). in cc l thp gc L 60 60 6 (mm mm mm) di l = 2,5 m c ng thng chn su xung t v cch t 0,8 m. S b ban u ta chn 8 GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun95Rp=43mR=12.8mHnh. Bn knh bo v ca u thu stLVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngcc, cc cc c chn thnh mch vng vi khong cch gia hai cc l 2,5m. chn su ca cc:0,8 2, 05( )2lt m + Thp gc c b rng b = 0,06 (m) nn ng knh ngoi ng tr: d = 0,95.b= 0,95.0,06 = 0,057 (m) H s ma: kc = 1,4 Thanh ni l thp dt, b rng thanh ni b = 4 (cm). chn su ca thanh ni: t = 0,8 (m) = 80 (cm). H s ma: kt = 1,6Tnh ton in tr ni t: in tr ni t ca mt cc:1c0,366 2 1 4tR . . lg .lgd 2 4tl ll l+] + ] ]c.k]]]

++ 2,5 4.2,052,5 4.2,05.lg210,0572.2,5lg .100.1,4.2,50,366= 42 ( ) Cc cc chn thnh mch vng v cch nhau a = l = 2,5 m (a/l =1) (Theo PH LC 05 Sch k thut cao p H Vn Nht Chng), ng vi 8 cc th h s s dng ca cc: c = 0,58. in tr khuch tn ca c 8 cc:) 9,1( =8.0,5842=n.R= R1cccGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun96LVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tng Gi s thanh ni c ni n im tip a di 5 m. Chiu di ca thanh ni l:L = 2,5.8 + 5 = 25 (m) = 2500 (cm). in tr khuch tn ca thanh ni nm ngang khi cha xt n nh hng mn che:20, 366 2.. . .lg.t tLR kL b t ) ( 8 , 10 =80 . 42500 . 2lg . 6 , 1 . 10000 .2500366 , 0=2 Theo PH LC 07 vi 8 cc v a/l =1, ta c h s s dng ca thanh ni: t = 0,36. in tr khuch tn ca thanh ni:/ ttR 10,8R = = =30() 0,36t in tr ni t ca h thng ni t l:) ( 7 =30 + 1 , 930 . 1 , 9=R + RR . R= R/t c/t c [ 10 ].Vy h thng ni t chng st tho mn iu kin an ton.Mt bng h thng ni t chng st ta cao c.GVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun972,5 m 2,5 m5 mLVTN: Thit K Cung Cp in cho Cao c 10 tngGVHD: ThS. Nguyn Th Hong LinSVTH: Hunh Ngc Tun98Hnh. Mt bng ni t chng st ta cao c