lund aerosol group div. of nuclear physics, lund university, lth professors: erik swietlicki, bengt...
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Lund Aerosol Group Div. of Nuclear Physics,
Lund University, LTH
Professors:Erik Swietlicki, Bengt Martinsson
Senior Scientists:Göran Frank, Birgitta Svenningsson, Staffan Sjögren, Adam Kristensson, Jakob Löndahl
PhD students:Erik Nilsson, Pontus Roldin, Maria Berghof, Moa Sporre, Cerina Wittbom, Johan Friberg
This presentation can be found at:http://www.cast.lu.seSee: Diploma Work (http://www.cast.lu.se/diploma-work.htm)
Aerosols Affect our Climate, Environment and Health
Deforestation in Amazonia AcidificationHealth Effects
in Industry
Health Effects of Traffic ExhaustEarth Radiation Balance
Climate Health Effects
Are there “good” aerosol particles that cool but do not kill?
Conflict between ”positive” climate cooling effects and
negative human health effects
Loss in statistical life expectancy that can be attributed to the identifiedanthropogenic contributions to PM2.5 (in months), for the emissions of the year 2000.
Meteorology 2000 Meteorology 2003
Baseline Scenarios for the CAFE ProgrammeFinal Report, February 2005
Soot particles (yellow) have penetrated through the upper airways and deposited in the air exchange region – the alveoli - (purple).
Photographer: Lennart Nilsson
A macrophage (blue) is attacking the soot particles, trying to engulf them.
Photographer: Lennart Nilsson
Particles Clouds
Level of
Sci
enti
fic
Unders
tandin
g
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change4th Assessment Report 2007Radiative Forcing (W/m2)Cooling Heating
Arctic Sea Ice Extenthttp://nsidc.org
September 17, 2009Arctic sea ice reaches annual minimum extent
Arctic sea ice appears to have reached its minimum extent for the year, the third-lowest extent since the start of satellite measurements in 1979. While this year’s minimum extent is above the record and near-record minimums of the last two years, it further reinforces the strong negative trend in summertime ice extent
observed over the past thirty years.
Biomass burning perturb regional and global climate
The Amazon, BrazilExtensive biomass burning during the dry period
(September-November)
Pyrocumulus cloud
Fires in South America during the dry period
2001
Rain forest recently burnt
(Rondonia, Brazil, Oct. 2002)
Amazonian Aerosol Studies
•New international field campaign planned for 2010-2011 north of Manaus, Brazil.
•Assist airborne aerosol measurements.
Amazonia SMPS system (Lund)
•Own design, manufacture and calibration
•Medium-long DMA (Vienna-type, own manufacture)
•Particle counter: TSI CPC 3760A
•10-551 nm
•Closed-loop (driers and filters in loop)
•Scanning mode (up and downscan, Labview software)
•CPC desmearing to improve time resolution
•Time resolution: 3-5 min
•RH and T sensors for data QA
•Measurements started Feb 2008
Indirect effect of aerosols on climateClouds formed in clean air
with few particles few but large cloud droplets reflect little solar radiation
Clouds formed in polluted air with many particles
many small cloud droplets reflect more solar radiation
a) b)
Satellite retrieval of cloud properties
•Assist in the development of satellite retrievals of cloud properties.
European Super-sites for Atmospheric Aerosol Research
An EU-Infrastructure Project21 European Partners
Objectives1: Ensure measurements and
QA/QC of aerosol chemical, optical and physical properties
2: Ensure dissemination of data and capacity building
3: Develop future tools for aerosol monitoring and dissemination of information
4: Ensure trans-national access of research infrastructures
The Vavihill siteRegional background – Southern Sweden
•Twin-DMPS (3-900 nm)
•Evaluate multi-year data set from the station.
•Operate the aerosol instruments at the station.
•Develop new aerosol instruments.
Mass Fraction Time SeriesVavihill Oct 2008
•Develop new aerosol instruments (PAM, VH-TDMA).
•Carry out AMS measurements in the laboratory and in the field.
Aerosol-Cloud Interaction StudiesOn-going measurements on Mount Brocken in Germany
• Detailled in-situ studies aerosol-cloud interactions• In-cloud measurements on mountain top• Unique instrument developed in Lund Droplet Aerosol Analyzer (DAA)
CARIBIC – EU ProjectTropopause atmospheric
researchPlatform: Boeing 767 civil aircraft, Frankfurt-Maldives
Measurements at High Altitude
• Intercontinental CARIBIC measuerements • Exemples of results: Sulfur in aerosol at 10 km altitude
•Assist in developing aerosol analytical techniques for the aircraft measurements.
Sustainable transport system?
Human Exposure to Diesel Exhaust
Road Wear Particle Emissions
and Health Effects
Particle Emissions from Railways
Particle Emissions from Traffic
Aerosol Laboratory, IKDC, LTHExposure chamber (20 m3)
Provocation study for human health effects (e.g. heart rhythm variability)
LTH (EAT, Kärnfysik)Yrkes- o miljömedicin, LundKarolinska Institutet
Lung Deposition MeasurementsRESPI instrument
•Assist in developing and performing the RESPI instrument within various projects.
•Wood smoke, Umeå, Dec 2010
Drier
Pneumotachograph
Inhale tank 10 L
Exhale tank 2 or 5 L
2-way valve
Particle size-distribution measurement (SMPS)
Aerosol inlet
Heated area
Outlet
Lung Deposition Measurements
RESPI instrument
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