luana s. basso; luciana v. gatti; a. martinewski; l.g ...sf6 brazilian emissions gas 1990 1994 2000...
TRANSCRIPT
Luana S. Basso; Luciana V. Gatti; A. Martinewski; L.G. Domingues; C.S.C. Correia; V.F. Borges; J.B. Miller, M. Gloor.
16th WMO/IAEA Meeting on Carbon Dioxide, Other Greenhouse Gases, and Related Measurement Techniques (GGMT)
25 - 28 October, 2011
Sulphur Hexafluoride (SF6)
• Lifetime: 3,200 years;
• Global Warming Potencial: 23,900;
• The mole fractions of SF6 in 2009 was double that in the mid-1990s, increasing nearly linearly with a rate of 0.24ppt/year.
(WMO, 2010). (WMO, 2010).
GAW global network of SF6, Halocarbons and other Halogenated species
SF6 Brazilian Emissions
Gas1990 1994 2000 2005
Variation1990-2005
(t) (%)
SF6
Electrical equipments 4.18 4.08 4.97 6.13 47Magnesium production 5.75 9.87 10.30 19.05 231SF6 total 9.93 13.95 15.25 25.18 153
• Brazil isn’t a producer of this gas;• is used as insulation in electrical equipment and in the
magnesium´s production process.
• SF6 emissions were estimated at 25.2 tons in 2005 (MCT – Ministry of Science and Technology, 2010).
• EDGAR Data Base to 2005:• Global total emissions: 6,033.7 tons;• Brazilian total emissions: 51.2tons (0.8% of global total emissions);
• Production of metals: 3.8 tons;• Electrical equipments: 44.9 tons;• Other uses: 2.5 tons.
Sampling sites
Aircraft Vertical Profiles Flask sampling in surface NOAA Global Stations
Sampling with Aircraft Vertical Profiles in Amazon Basin
MAGICC System
PFP and PCP
Flask sampling in surface in Brazilian coast sites
Back trajectories Amazon Basin sites
500m
2000m
4000m
Back trajectories Brazilian coast sites
4.00
4.50
5.00
5.50
6.00
6.50
7.00
7.50
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
SF
6(p
pt)
YearsASC RPB SAN RBA ALF TAB ABP SAL NAT
SF6 concentrations all sites
Between 2000 and 2010 have increased by 56% (2.6ppt);
the growth rate was 0.25ppt/year.
6.75
6.85
6.95
7.05
7.15
7.25
7.35
7.45
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
SF 6
(ppt
)
Months
2010
4.4
4.9
5.4
5.9
6.4
6.9
7.4
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
SF
6 M
ixin
g R
atio
(pp
t)
Flona Tapajós after aug 2008
Linear (Flona Tapajós) Linear (after aug 2008)
2000 - 2010: 0.24 ppt/year
2008 - 2010: 0.29 ppt/year
Influence of NH in SF6 concentrations
IntercomparisonIPEN x NOAA
Using SF6 as a tracer of air masses
t
dzCC
F
km
z
bkggassitegas
gas
∫=
−=
5,4
0
])()[(SF6 – tracer of air masses
ASCRPB
RPBASC
RPBSANASC
ff
CC
CCf
−=−−=
1
ASCASCRPBRPBbggás CfCfC +=)(
Fractions
Background concentration
No emissions
CO2, CH4 and N2O background concentrations
CO2
CH4 N2O
Final considerations
• The mixing ratio of SF6 measured in the Brazilian sites have asignificant increase between 2000 and 2010 (56%), following theobserved increase in the global mixing ratio.
• 2000-2010 : 0.24ppt/year
• 2008-2010: 0.29ppt/year
• The SF6 concentrations measured in our sites (Brazilian AmazonBasin and coast sites) show concentrations between NOAA stationsASC and RPB.