lte-a requirements towards 5g and sync · pdf fileumts metro small cell na / 100 ppb na 16 ppb...

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LTE-A requirements towards 5G and Sync Architectures

Eran Gilat21/6/2017

Power Matters.TM 2© 2015 Microsemi Corporation. Company Proprietary

LTE Services needing ToD/Phase Sync

CDMA2000

TD-SCDMA

GSM / UMTS / W-CDMA

NA

± 1.5 µs small cell, ±5 µs large cell*

± 1 - 32 µs, implementation dependent

± 1.5 µs

+ 1.5 µs / ± 5 µs

± 2.5 to 10 µs

± 1.5 µs

Application (3GPP release) PhaseFrequency:

Physical / Air Interface

NA

*3GPP: small cell is ≤3 km radius, large cell is >3km radius

UMTS/LTE FDD Residential Small Cell na / 250 ppb NA

UMTS Metro Small Cell na / 100 ppb NA

16 ppb / 50 ppb

LTE -FDD

LTE -TDD

LTE-A MBSFN/MBMS ( Rel.9)

LTE-A eCoMP (Network MIMO) (rel. 12)

HetNet Coordination (eICIC) (rel. 10/11)


LTE Advanced Services

Determined by Mobile RF technology


Mobile Wireless Synchronization Requirements

Mobile RF technology

Input into Base Station

Inter Cell Alignment

50ppb16 ppb (E1)GSM, WCDMA

(UMTS) LTE-FDD

± 1.5µs from UTC

LTE-TDD

LTE-A :MiMO, CoMP, eICIC,

eMBMS, MBSFN

± 1µs from PRTC± 1.1µs from UTC


LTE & LTE-Advanced

LTE macro networks are either Frequency based (FDD) or

Phase based (TDD)

LTE-A Can be deployed on LTE-FDD or TDD networks

LTE-A services are designed to

–enhance network RF performance,

– Improve spectrum availability and reach,

–Avoid interference between the eNB,

–Enable more users onto the network,

–Dynamically allocate bandwidth etc


Macro LTE Function Enabled Impact of poor Synchronization

FDD Frame alignment

TDD Time slot alignment

The Impact of Poor Synchronization

LTE-A

eMBMSDistribution of high quality video

Video hanging, pixilation, voice / video mismatch

MBSFNSeparation downlink/ uplink transmission

Packet collision, degradation in overall link and connection quality

MIMOCoordination of signalsto/from multiple antenna

Poor signal quality at edge of cells, LBS accuracy, service degradation

COMPCoordination of signalsto/from multiple eNB

Spectral inefficiency & general degradation of services

eICIC Interference coordinationInterference , echo, packet loss,application hang,

Dropped calls, Interference

Packet loss, Inefficiency


Moving to 5G


5G Requirements And Services

Requirements vs LTE 4G

High Data Rate >

Ultra High Data Rate

Many connections >

Massive connections

Dense eNB >

Massive Radio Density

Good Reliability >

Ultra High Reliability

Low Latency

Ultra Low Latency

Rapid Handoff

Ultra Fast Handoff

Additional Services

Internet of Things

Sensor networks

Any Device to Any Device

Remote medicine

Virtual Reality

Real Time Gaming

Autonomous Vehicles

Cyber Security

Public Safety

Disaster Monitoring


4G LTE Networks: Relatively Few Macro eNB

SSU

Cs

EPC

(Evolved

Packet Core)

PTP Grand

master

LTE Macro Mobile

Network

Moderately dense

eNB deployment

Packet Layer

PTP

To the eNB

GM

Physical Layer

SyncE services

To the eNB


4G LTE-A Services: Phase Synchronization Requires More eNB at the Edge

PRS

CsCs

EPC COREPRTC

Densified eNB

Macro Mobile

Network

GM

PRTC

PRTC

PRTC PRTC Timing Moved

to Network Edge


5G will mean new services and this means new network requirements


ePRTC network deployment overview

SSUPRTC

Core

Transport

eNB

CORE Level

5 to 10 locations

AGGREGATION Level

100 to 1,000 locations

BASE STATION Level

1,000 TO 10,000 locations

ITU-T G.8272.1

ITU-T G.8272

G.812

Access

Transport

Enhanced

PRTC


5G Massive Radio Densification = Will Require More PRTC at the Edge of the Network

PRTC

PRTC

PRTC

ePRTC

CsCs

ePRTC

PTCPRTC

CsCs

PRTC

PRTC

PRTC

ePRTC

CsCs

PRTC

PRTC

PRTC

5G CORE

Massive Increase

in radio resources

= Massive

Increase in

Synchronization


Synchronization Architectures


Frequency Synchronization Protocol : G.8265.1 PTP Unicast / L3

AG

Source Clocks

End Equipment

PTP Flows

Access NetworkCore Network

Aggregation router

End to end unicast PTP flow - max 10 hops

GPON OLT

Cell Site Router

OC

OC

eNB

PRC

OC

OC

eNB

SSU GM


Packet Time/Phase

Synchronization Architecture 1 Full On-Path Support2 Partial On-Path Support3 Assisted Partial Timing Support


G.8275.1: PTP Multicast / L2 / BC / SyncE

AG

PRTC Grandmaster

Aggregation router

hop by hop PTP flows

T-SC

T-SC

T-SC

eNB

Embedded

Boundary Clocks

PRC

SSU PRTCGM


G.8275.2 PTP Unicast /L3 for Phase

unicast phase PTP flows

eNB

T-SC

T-SC

PRC

SSU PRTCGM

T-SC

eNB

Embedded BC


Time Error accumulates as packets go across the network.

Constant time error can easily be corrected with a fixed offset

Dynamic time error from • Switch router element inherent noise • Uplink downlink asymmetry• Packet Buffering delays

causes network asymmetry

High network asymmetry will cause time error

With too much time error the eNB will not converge on the clock

Time Error & Network Asymmetry

Asymmetry is the biggest problem when engineering

phase on a network


L2 to L3 interworking functions on a switch router • For example from MPLS in the Core to L2 at the edge

Microwave dynamic QUAM changes due to weather etc.

Mismatched cable/fiber lengths upstream and downstream

Optical regen

OTN or DWDM unidirectional ring architectures

Switch or router buffering architecture

GPON_1 TDMA scheduling timers

Random noise from network transport

Network re-arrangements

Causes of Asymmetry That Impact PTP


• Automatic Path AsymmetryCompensation algorithm supplies external compensation factor as permitted in IEEE 1588 standard

• Algorithm learns path asymmetries to the north-bound master … even while system may be using GNSS as the primary clock source

• In the event of a GNSS failure, the system will operate using asymmetry corrected PTP

• Included with the TimeProvider 2700 PTP Input SW License

Path Re-arrangement (Ring Topology)

Assisted Partial Timing Support with Automatic Path Asymmetry Compensation

RED: PPS performance

with asymmetry compensation.

Customer network test environment

BLUE: PPS performance

without asymmetry compensation.


Phase sync for LTE-TDD/LTE-A : G.8275.2 PTP Unicast / L3 + G.8273.4 APTS

End EquipmentAccess NetworkCore Network

unicast phase PTP flows

with Asymmetry Calibration

eNB

T-SC

T-SC

eNB

Core PRTC

PRC

SSU PRTCGM

PRTCGM

PRTCGM

unicast phase PTP flow

T-SC

T-SC

eNB

eNB

Edge PRTC


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lte-a requirements towards 5g and sync · pdf fileumts metro small cell na / 100 ppb na 16 ppb...

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