Low Energy Building Design 2010

Presentation 1Arnaud Gibert

Bintou OuedraogoDanny Tang

Naeema HafeezPaul Dupuy

Aims of ProjectDevelop 3 Conceptual Designs

Design for low Energy, Sustainable HomesDesign to Code Level 5 or better

Develop efficient Energy System methods

Design Brief• Design of 3 sustainable, energy efficient housing types.• Consisting of 20 dwellings, forming a community of net

zero carbon.• Located in rural Ayrshire.• Intended design is to be an exemplar for developments of

the future.

Basic SpecificationsIncluding: 1) 4 four bedroom house 2) 10 three bedroom house 3) 6 two bedroom houseConsider transportation of commuting

OccupantsResources

Relevant energy systems for the site that will create optimum energy efficiency

Community size approx. 60 individuals

Definition of ‘Zero Carbon’ HomeWhere no fossil fuels are used to run the house with heat

and power.A house which emits zero or negative CO2 emissions from

all energy used in the building is zero over the course of the yearusing energy efficient materials and renewable

technologies.Zero Carbon is equivalent to Code Level 6 of the Code for

Sustainable Homes

Code for Sustainable HomesIntroduced in England in April 2007It is a measure of the ‘whole home’ as a complete packageThe Code, adopted by the Government, consists of 9 sustainable design

categories. credits are awarded, if individual targets are attained. The total is

calculated and a rating between level 1 and 6 is given, where 6 is the most efficient, ‘zero carbon’.

Nine Categories: Energy and CO2 emissions, Pollution, Water, Health and Well-being, Materials, Surface Water run-off, Waste, Management, Ecology.

Aim for this particular project: achieve a Code Level 5 or better Energy efficiency for code 5 is 100%

Modern ZC Houses: Code 5 Reduce energy demand as much as

possible Such as insulation, ventilation etc

Produce zero carbon energy High efficiency technologies

Reduce building carbon cost Embodied energy of materials

Design of building Interior layout Exterior of building

Case Study 1DFM (Design and Manufacturing)House: Oxley Woods Block B

Building Design•Structure• timber frame panels• thermally efficient structure to minimise

heat losses.•Walls• Warmcel insulation

•Roof • Timber Cassette, rigid polyurethane

insulation

Government led programme to build high quality, sustainable house with construction cost as low as £60,000.

U-values and MaterialsEnvelope Walls U = 0.12 W/m2K

145mm cavity fully filled with Warmcel insulation made from recycled newspaper.

Roof U = 0.17 W/m2K Roof panel covered with 100mm rigid polyurethane board.

Having timber underneath the insulation allows ventilation to limit the risks of timber rot.

Windows U = 1.7 W/m2K Double glazed with low e glass.

Air tightness 2.5 m3/m2/hr at 50 Pa The houses are built using a balloon timber frame system

where the timber stud framing is extended through several storeys with the upper floor fixed to the studs at an intermediate level.

Case Study 2 Old Apple Store to a private house

Awarded Code Level 5 Construction

Materials: Materials locally sourced: off-site manufactured timber

Insulation: recycled newspaper, external insulation wood fibre planks.

Sheep’s wool for internal insulation Sustainability Features

Solar thermal water heating PV Cells Passive solar design Rainwater harvesting Highly insulated with the use of low

embodied carbon material Low air permeability Wood pellet boilers

U-values of materialsTechnical Performance

External Material: Thermally efficient timber cassette shell, u-value of 0.14W/m2K

Roof: engineered ‘I’ beams loaded with salvaged newspaper insulation with wood fibre, u-value 0.12W/m2K

Floor: Concrete boards, u-value 0.15W/m2KDoors and windows: Triple glazed

Different types of Ecohomes

Site Location

Site• 3km west of the existing communities of Auchinleck and Cummnock

in East Aryshire

• Site rises from 100 to 120m• Need to consider this in design

• Proposed site lies on a S-facing slope

• Site on reclaimed land

• Surrounded by agricultural land and forestry

Site AnalysisSite nearby Glenmuir water

Maybe a resource of hydro energy, river not big enough for electricity however a possibility

Timber factory next to siteLocal fabricate materialBiomass for CHP

A70 and A76 both close to siteEasy access routes for the communityAccess for other materials

Landscaped pit bing already mined- CHP

Occupants Auchinleck Academy, Cumnock college and East Ayrshire hospital all close to site Transportation

Railway station Bus Station Major roads: A70 and A76 Prestwick airport

Landscape around site aesthetically pleasing The site is environmentally pleasing

Agricultural land and forestry There are recreational attractions

Countryside Rugby Club

High Quality suburban lifestyle Developments with gardens

In a isolated area gives a sense of privacy

Climate ConditionsEstimated 1000 hours of solar gain per year

Yearly rainfall 777mm

Water saving measures: Grey water

Excellent visibility

Excellent Air quality

Clean fresh air

Renewable energy Resources from climate

Monthly average wind speed >3m/s

Prevailing wind in Scotland from the south-west, direction may change from

day-to-day

Consider Micro wind turbine

Average yearly global radiation 1140 W/m2

Daily sunshine figures peak in May and June and are at there lowest in

December

Consider PV panels

Solar thermal

Energy DemandsAverage Home

1. Working Couple - 4,117 kWh electricity2. Single Person - 3,084 kWh electricity3. Family with two children - 5,480 kWh electricity(Parents working, children at school)

Passive HouseAnnual heating requirement is 15kWh/(m2a)Target for future projects is 42kWh/(m2a)Should not exceed 120kWh/(m2a)

Heat, water and household electricity

Energy Efficient Methods

Controlling Energy systemsHow different types of energy sources can be used into modern day households to reduce carbon emissions. This diagram shows how each method can be put into use so that energy given out is put back into the building.

Plan of WorkFinalised 3 conceptual designsMaterials

Low in embodied energyCost

Energy demands calculated and finalised An approximation on the types of energy systems that

will be usedHow much energy each renewable system can provideCost

ANY QUESTIONS??