low-carbon green growth in asia: policies and practices

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  • 7/28/2019 Low-Carbon Green Growth in Asia: Policies and Practices

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    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm

    Drlwtc km Eske

    ^l`kjkbs emo rejtkjbs

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    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm

    Drlwtc km Eske^l`kjkbs emo rejtkjbs

    E Hlkmt Ztuoy lf tcb Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemiemo tcb Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi Kmstktutb

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    Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi

    Kmstktutb, 7>5:

    E`` rkdcts rbsbrvbo- ug`kscbo 7>5:

    ^rkmtbo km Clmd Ilmd, Jckme

    KZGM ;43!?!3;;4?!>:4!:

    Jete`ldkmd!Km!^ug`kjetklm Oete

    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc km Eske8

    ^l`kjkbs emo ^rejtkjbs

    5 J`kaetb Jcemdb

    7 Drbbm Drlwtc

    : @lw!Jerglm _bjcml`ldy

    ? Wbdklme` Jllpbretklm

    K Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi

    KK Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi Kmstktutb

    _cb vkbws bxprbssbo km tcks pug`kjetklm

    erb tclsb lf tcb eutclrs emo ol mltmbjbsserk`y rbbjt tcb vkbws emo pl`kjkbs

    lf tcb Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi #EOG+

    lr tcb Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi

    Kmstktutb #EOGK+-

    EOG emo EOGK ol mlt dueremtbb tcb

    ejjurejy lf tcb oete kmj`uobo km tcks

    pug`kjetklm emo ejjbpt ml rbsplmskgk`kty

    flr emy jlmsbqubmjb lf tcbkr usb-

    Rsb lf tcb tbra jlumtry olbs mlt kap`y

    emy huodabmt gy tcb eutclrs lr EOGemo EOGK es tl tcb bde` lr ltcbr stetus

    lf emy tbrrktlrke` bmtkty- _cb syagl` /

    rbprbsbmts tcb Rmktbo Ztetbs ol``er

    um`bss ltcbrwksb kmokjetbo- Eske rbfbrs

    lm`y tl EOGs Eskem abagbr bjlmlakbs-

    EOG emo EOGK bmjluredb prkmtkmd lr

    jlpykmd kmflraetklm bxj`uskvb`y flr

    pbrslme` emo mlmjlaabrjke` usb wktc

    prlpbr ejimlw`bodabmt lf EOG emo

    EOGK- Rsbrs erb rbstrkjtbo frla rbsb``kmd,

    rbokstrkgutkmd, lr jrbetkmd obrkvetkvbwlris flr jlaabrjke` purplsbs

    wktclut tcb bxprbss, wrkttbm jlmsbmt

    lf EOG emo EOGK-

    Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi

    6 EOG Evbmub, Aemoe`uylmd Jkty

    522> Abtrl Aemk`e, ck`kppkmbs

    _b` )6: 7 6:7 ????

    Fex )6: 7 6:6 7???

    www-eog-lrd

    Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi Kmstktutb

    Iesuakdesbik Guk`okmd 3F

    :!7!2 Iesuakdesbik, Jckyloe!iu

    _liyl 5>>!6>>3

    Hepem

    _b` )35: :2;: 22>>

    eogkpugsNeogk-lrd

    www-eogk-lrd

    _cks pug`kjetklm jem gb olwm`leobo

    frbb lf jcerdb frla www-eogk-lrd

    pug`kjetklms-gllis

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    _cks stuoy wes aemedbo emo

    kap`babmtbo gy em EOGEOGK wlrikmd

    drlup jlaprkskmd Hlrm Graab`crstbr,

    Gkswemetc Gcettejcerye, Hbsus Fb`kpb,

    Weme Cesem, Egko A- Cussekm, Clb [um

    Hblmd, Wlgbrt Z- @ljicert, _bruckse Lk,

    Ztbpcbm H- l``ero, Emjce Zrkmkvesem,

    Zupcejcl` Zupcejce`esek, reobbp

    H- _cereiem, emo Baae A- Vbvb wcl

    rbvkbwbo gejidrlumo pepbrs emo oreft

    jceptbrs- Hum _kem lf tcb Wbdklme`

    Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt Obpertabmt

    #WZOO+ wes tcb flje` plkmt et EOG-

    Vbmietjce`ea Emgualzck lf EOGK sbrvbo

    es tcb prlhbjt tesi aemedbr- Zbmklr EOG

    aemedbrs bspbjke``y Gkmou @lcemk emo

    Skemgkm [el prlvkobo tcb beobrsckp km

    dukokmd tcb okrbjtklms lf tcb stuoy emo

    oreftkmd tcb kmtrloujtklm emo jlmj`usklm

    jceptbrs-

    Zbvbre` EOG emo EOGK aemedbrs prlvkobo

    lvbrskdct emo tbjcmkje` jlaabmts et

    verklus stedbs lf tcb stuoy8 Heb!Ce eri,

    Tlljclmd Ra, Aerkl @eagbrtb, Tlreplt

    Aemupkpetplmd, Dembscem Tkdmerehe,

    [uqkmd Skmd emo Mbsska Ecabo-

    Jlaabmts emo ve`ueg`b kmputs wbrb

    e`sl prlvkobo gy rbbty Gcemoerk,

    Cems Jer`sslm, Wlgbrt Duk`o, Zuhete

    Dupte, Akmquem @ku, Jkmzke @lsbmml,

    Oevko AjJjeu`by, Jym![lumd ^eri,

    Akjceb` Wettkmdbr, emo Jerby [bedbr-

    E`bx Glwbm #@lmolm Zjcll` lf Bjlmlakjs+

    sbrvbo es tcb prkmjkpe` jlmsu`temt flr

    tcb glli- Fklme Cervby #_cb Duerokem+

    wes tcb `emduedb boktlr- Ztpcemb

    Cerrkslm emo Hlb Flx #Tk``kea Hlsbpc+

    erb tcb obskdmbrs- EOGKs Wlgbrt Oevks,

    E`estekr Okmdwe``, Iurt Cemslm, Ztbfem

    Tbskei, emo Llmedc Ouffy jllrokmetbo

    tcb prloujtklm- EOGs Hlsb Emtlmkl _em

    KKK, Heslm Wusc, emo Ceruak Iloeae

    prlvkobo ve`ueg`b jlmtrkgutklms tl tcbrbvkbwkmd prljbss- _cb fl``lwkmd EOGK

    rbsberjc essljketbs emo steff prlvkobo

    kmputs emo esskstbo wktc eoakmkstretkvb

    aettbrs8 Ocerksc Oevko, Hleme lrtude`,

    Hkylumd Zlmd, Okeme E`wks, [uil Kjckiewe,

    emo Jckcl Cesbdewe-

    _cks hlkmt EOG emo EOGK stuoy wes

    jlmjbptue`kzbo emo dukobo gy e stbbrkmd

    jlaakttbb jlmskstkmd lf EOG Cbeos lf

    Obpertabmt jl!jcekrbo gy Aeseckrl

    Iewek #Obem emo JBL, EOGK+ emo Gkmou

    @lcemk #Vkjb!^rbskobmt flr Imlw`bodb

    Aemedbabmt emo Zustekmeg`b

    Obvb`lpabmt, EOG+- _cb stbbrkmd

    jlaakttbb abagbrs kmj`uobo cbeos

    lf EOGs lpbretklme` emo imlw`bodb

    obpertabmts9 Kwem H- Ezks, ZbbtcepetcyJcemobr, ^ck`kp J- Brqukede, I`eus

    Dbrcebussbr, Huem Akremoe, Jcemdylmd

    Wcbb, Iezu Zeiek, Iumkl Zbmde, Vkmlo

    _claes, Wlgbrt F- Tkctl`, emo Skemgkm [el-

    E ckdc!`bvb` eovkslry jlaakttbb

    prlvkobo tbjcmkje` eovkjb emo ve`ueg`b

    jlaabmts et verklus stedbs lf tcb stuoy-

    _cb eovkslry jlaakttbb jcekrbo gy

    Wehbmore I- ejceurk #_cb Bmbrdy emo

    Wbslurjbs Kmstktutb+ jlmskstbo lf Xclu

    Oeok #tcb Bmbrdy Wbsberjc Kmstktutb+,Ckrlmlrk Ceaemeie #Kmstktutb lf D`lge`

    Bmvkrlmabmte` Ztretbdkbs+, Cudubttb

    @egb``b #_remsperbmjy Kmtbrmetklme`+,

    Clbsumd @bb #Ilrbe Rmkvbrskty+, Hbffrby

    O- Zejcs #Jl`uagke Rmkvbrskty+, Bak`

    Ze`ka #Eovkslry Jlumjk` tl tcb rbskobmt

    lf Kmolmbske+, emo I`eus _lbpfbr #Kmstktutb

    flr Eovemjbo Zustekmegk`kty Ztuokbs+-

    Ejimlw`bodbabmts

    _cb glli gbmbsttbo frla sbvbre`

    gejidrlumo pepbrs prbperbo gy

    sjcl`ers frla rbdklme` tckmi temis

    _cb jlmtrkgutlrs kmj`uob Heb Bum

    Ecm #D`lge` Drbbm Drlwtc Kmstktut

    Husbm Esuie #Kmstktutb flr D`lge`

    Bmvkrlmabmte` Ztretbdkbs+, Uwemr

    Jcltkjcemetcewbwlmd #_cek`emo

    Bmvkrlmabmt Kmstktutb+, Wkte Wly

    Jcluocury #Eske Guskmbss Jlumjk

    _k`ei I- Olsck #Metklme` Rmkvbrskty

    Zkmdeplrb+, _lru Cesckaltl #Jkty l

    [lilceae+, _eiesck Clmdl #Hepem

    Gemi flr Kmtbrmetklme` Jllpbretkl

    Ztbpcbm Clwbs #Eustre`kem Metklm

    Rmkvbrskty+, _eb [lmd Humd #D`lge`

    Drlwtc Kmstktutb+, Akikil Iekmuae

    #Metklme` Kmstktutb flr Bmvkrlmabm

    Ztuokbs+, Ie`keppe Ie`krehem #Eust

    Metklme` Rmkvbrskty+, Zemd Km Iemd

    Bmvkrlmabmt Kmstktutb+, Hllteb IkaDrbbm Fkmemjb, Oemilli Rmkvbrskt

    Zkvemeppem Iuaer #Eskem Kmstktut

    _bjcml`ldy+, Wktu Aetcur #_cb Bmb

    emo Wbslurjbs Kmstktutb+, Grecae

    Alcemty #Frbmjc Bmvkrlmabmt em

    Bmbrdy Aemedbabmt Edbmjy+, Hkcw

    ^eri #D`lge` Drbbm Drlwtc Kmstktut

    Erkemtl E- etumru #Kmstktutb flr Bj

    emo Zljke` Wbsberjc+, Irkscmeaur

    Weaemetcem #Eskem emo ejkstj Jb

    _remsfbr lf _bjcml`ldy+, Zckv Zlab

    #Jl`uagke Rmkvbrskty+, _lalmlrk Z#Hepem Kmtbrmetklme` Jllpbretklm

    ^cea Icemc _lem #Kmstktutb lf Bmb

    Deakmk Tkhbsbibrb #Eustre`kem Me

    Rmkvbrskty+, Cbkmrkjc!Tk`cb`a Tyb

    #_cb Wbdklme` Bmvkrlmabmte` Jbmt

    Jbmtre` Eske+, eu` Tyrwl`` #Eustre

    Metklme` Rmkvbrskty+, emo Xcu [ubz

    #Bmbrdy Wbsberjc Kmstktutb+- Wutc

    Iettuaurk #@lmolm Zjcll` lf Bjlm

    emo Deakmk Tkhbsbibrb #Eustre`kem

    Metklme` Rmkvbrskty+ e`sl jlmtrkgut

    Jceptbrs ? emo 2, rbspbjtkvb`y-

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    Fkvb wlrisclps wbrb cb`o ourkmd tcb

    stuoy km Gbkhkmd, Heierte, Mbw Ob`ck,

    Zblu`, emo _liyl, wckjc jlmtrkgutbo tl em

    bxjcemdb lf vkbws ealmd pl`kjy aeibrs,

    sjcl`ers, emo prkvetb sbjtlr bxpbrts

    lm tcb gejidrlumo pepbrs emo oreft

    jceptbrs tcet aeib up tcb glli-

    _cb wlrisclp km Gbkhkmd wes jlmoujtbo

    hlkmt y wktc tcb Bmbrdy Wbsberjc Kmstktutb

    #BWK+, tcb wlrisclp km Mbw Ob`ck wktc

    _cb Bmbrdy emo Wbslurjbs Kmstktutb

    #_BWK+, tcb wlrisclp km Kmolmbske wktc

    Kmstktutb flr Bjlmlakj emo Zljke`

    Wbsberjc #@^BA+, emo tcb pl`kjy

    jlmfbrbmjb km Zblu` wktc tcb D`lge`

    Drbbm Drlwtc Kmstktutb #DDDK+ emo tcb

    J`kaetb emo Obvb`lpabmt Imlw`bodb

    Mbtwlri #JOIM+-

    Dretbfu` tcemis erb dkvbm tl tcb fl``lwkmd

    flr pbrakssklm tl rbprloujb stdurbs kmtcb glli8 Zustekmeg`b Burlpb Wbsberjc

    Kmstktutb #Fkdurb 5-7 km Jceptbr 5+, Rmktbo

    Metklms Rmkvbrskty rbss #Fkdurb 5-: km

    Jceptbr 7+, Akmkstry lf tcb Bmvkrlmabmt,

    Hepem #Fkdurb 7-4 km Jceptbr 7+, Eske

    Guskmbss Jlumjk` #Fkdurb 7-5> km

    Jceptbr 7+, Metklme` Kmstktutb flr

    Bmvkrlmabmte` Ztuokbs #_eg`b 7-: km

    Jceptbr 7+, Mkpplm Ibkoemrbm #_eg`b 7-?

    km Jceptbr 7+, rbskobmtke` Jlaakttbb lm

    Drbbm Drlwtc, Wbpug`kj lf Ilrbe #Glx 7-7

    km Jceptbr 7+, Kmtbrmetklme` Bmbrdy Edbmjy#Fkdurb :-: km Jceptbr :+, Lrdemksetklm flr

    Bjlmlakj Jl!lpbretklm emo Obvb`lpabmt

    #Fkdurb ?-55 km Jceptbr ?+, Rmktbo Metklms

    Bmvkrlmabmt rldreaab #_eg`b ?-:+, emo

    Kmtbrmetklme` @eglur Lrdemkzetklm #_eg`b

    ?-? km Jceptbr ?+-

    Ejimlw`bodbabkv

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    @kst lf Glxbs, Fkdurbs, emo _eg`bs vk

    Flrbwlro vkkk

    Eggrbvketklms emo Ejrlmyas x

    Bxbjutkvb Zuaaery xk

    E Wbeobrs Dukob tl Mevkdetkmd tcb Jceptbrs xvkkk

    5 ^uttkmd Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt emo 5

    J`kaetb Jcemdb ^l`kjkbs kmtl ^rejtkjb

    5-5 Kmtrloujtklm :

    5-7 _cb Jlmjbpt emo Kapbretkvbmbss lf 2

    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc5-: Kapejts emo Jl!gbmbstts lf 52

    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc

    5-? Aejrlbjlmlakj Okabmsklms emo tcb 53

    Fbeskgk`kty lf @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc

    5-2 Abesurkmd Eskes rldrbss km _eji`kmd J`kaetb 7;

    Jcemdb emo Ejjb`bretkmd Drbbm Drlwtc

    5-6 Jce``bmdbs lf @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc :?

    km tcb Jlmtbxt lf Zljke` Kmj`usklm emo

    Wbdklme` Jllpbretklm

    7 _cb Eskem Wbmekssemjb emo @lw!Jerglm :4

    Drbbm Drlwtc8 Jcemdkmd ^brjbptklms emotcb Zje`b lf tcb Jce``bmdbs

    7-5 Eskem Wbmekssemjb emo Bjlmlakj Drlwtc :;

    7-7 Frla Drlwtc tl Drbbm Drlwtc ?:

    7-: Bvl`utklm emo Jlmvbrdbmjb lf Eskem brjbptklms 65

    lm @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc

    7-? Babrdkmd l`kjy brspbjtkvbs emo 6;

    Almktlrkmd Freabwlris

    : _remsflraetklme` Ztretbdkbs, Metklme` 44

    emo Zugmetklme` @bvb` Ejtklms8 ^rldrbss

    emo Fkmokmds

    :-5 Jcemdkmd J`kaetb, Jcemdkmd Bjlmlakbs 4;:-7 Jlumtry!@bvb` ^`bodbs emo _erdbts 3:

    :-: ^l`kjkbs emo Abesurbs wktc Kap`kjetklms ;>

    flr Bakssklms Wboujtklm

    :-? Jrktkje` Bve`uetklm lf Ejtklms emo `bodbs 5>:

    :-2 Jce``bmdbs flr Obvb`lpkmd Eske 5>4

    :-6 Wl`b lf @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc Ztretbdkbs 55:

    Jlmtbmts

    :-4 Freabwlris emo Epprlejcbs tl Ob`kmbetb

    Wleo Aeps tl e @lw!Jerglm Eske

    :-3 Tey Flrwero8 @bsslms flr Zje`kmd Rp emo Zprbeok

    @lw!Jerglm _remsflraetklm

    :-; Wbjlmjk`kmd tcb Mbbos wktc Wbdklme` Jllpbretklm

    ? _remsktklm @bsslms8 Dlkmd Drbbm es e

    Obvb`lpabmt Ztretbdy

    ?-5 Lpplrtumktkbs km Drbbm Drlwtc

    ?-7 Zljke` Kmj`usklm emo Bqukty

    ?-: Drbbm Hlgs

    ?-? Bxpemsklm lf Obaemo

    ?-2 Kmmlvetklm

    ?-6 Bmbrdy Zbjurkty

    ?-4 _lweros e Mbw ^l`kjy Epprlejc

    2 Wbdklme` Jllpbretklm flr Zbkzkmd

    tcb Lpplrtumktkbs

    2-5 Zcerkmd emo @bermkmd frla Bejc Ltcbr

    2-7 _cb Wl`b lf Frbb _reob km @lw!Jerglm

    Dllos emo Zbrvkjbs2-: Kmtbrmetklme` Jllpbretklm lm Kmmlvetklm emo

    _remsfbr km @lw!Jerglm Dllos emo Zbrvkjbs

    2-? Bxtbmt lf Fumokmd Mbbos flr @lw!Jerglm

    Drbbm Drlwtc

    2-2 Em Lut`lli lm Jllpbretklm ^etcweys

    6 Jlmj`usklms emo Wbjlaabmoetklms8

    ^l`kjy Kmmlvetklms flr e @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Eske

    6-5 Jcemdkmd l`kjy brspbjtkvbs emo Ztretbdkj

    ^rklrktkbs flr J`kaetb Jcemdb Aktkdetklm

    6-7 ^etcs flr Wekskmd tcb ^ejb lf @lw!Jerglm

    Drbbm Drlwtc6-: Mbt Jlsts emo Zljke` Bagbookmds lf

    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc

    6-? Jlmj`usklms

    Wbfbrbmjbs emo Gkg`kldrepcy

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    Glxbs

    5-5 Ourgem `etflra, Wkl)7> Zuaakt, emo 55

    Olce J`kaetb Detbwey

    7-5 Hepems @lw!Jerglm Zljkbty Ztretbdy 22

    7-7 _cb Wbpug`kj lf Ilrbes Drbbm Drlwtc Edbmoe 23

    7-: Drbbm Drlwtc km Kmolmbske 2;

    7-? _cb Jkrju`er Bjlmlay km tcb ^blp`bs 66

    Wbpug`kj lf Jckme

    7-2 Zmepsclts lf Kmokes @lw!Jerglm 64

    Obvb`lpabmt Ztretbdy

    7-6 Jeaglokes Drbbm Drlwtc Wleo Aep 64

    7-4 Iezeicstems Esteme Drbbm Grkodb Kmktketkvb 63

    7-3 Hepem Gemi flr Kmtbrmetklme` Jllpbretklm 42

    Abesurbabmt, Wbplrtkmd, emo Vbrkstjetklm Zystba

    :-5 Bmvkrlmabmte` Alob` Jkty emo Bjl!Futurb ;2

    Jkty km Hepem

    :-7 Jesb Ztuoy lf tcb Wbpug`kj lf Ilrbes _erdbt ;4

    Aemedbabmt Zystba

    :-: Jesb Ztuoy lf _liyls Bakssklms _reokmd Zystba ;;

    :-? Alob`kmd lf E`tbrmetkvb Zjbmerkls km 5>?

    Tlr`o Bmbrdy Lut`lli 7>55

    :-2 Jepejkty Guk`okmd tl ^brflra Flrbst emo Jerglm 556

    Kmvbmtlrkbs tcrludc WBOO)

    ?-5 Dreabbm Zceitk, Gemd`eobsc Jlaaumkty 57;

    ^ertkjkpetklm uskmd e Aeribt!Gesbo Epprlejc

    ?-7 Ckaejce` reobsc Ako!Ckae`eyem Tetbrscbo 5:>

    Obvb`lpabmt rlhbjt, Kmoke?-: J`kaetb ertmbrsckp ^rldrea 5:5

    ?-? J`kaetb ertmbrsckp rldrea, blp`bs 5:7

    Wbpug`kj lf Jckme

    ?-2 Aecetae Demock Metklme` Wure` Bap`lyabmt 5?7

    Dueremtbb Ejt, Kmoke

    ?-6 Abesurbs tl Bqukp Obvb`lpkmd Jlumtrkbs wktc 525

    tcb Zik``s flr Drbbm Drlwtc

    ?-4 Wbjlaabmoetklms flr Aktkdetkmd J`kaetb 526

    Jcemdb emo Obvb`lpkmd Mbw Drlwtc Bmdkmbs

    km tcb Wbpug`kj lf Ilrbe

    ?-3 Drbbm Drlwtc emo Muj`ber ^lwbr km Eske 562

    2-5 Tcet Jem Jktkbs km Babrdkmd Eskem Bjlmlakbs 543@berm frla Zkmdeplrb lm Aktkdetklm

    Erbe km @lw!Jerglm Dllos emo Zbrvkjbs

    2-? Jrlss!Glrobr Lpplrtumktkbs8 Zae``!sje`b Gkldes `emts 5

    umobr tcb JOA km Mbpe`

    2-2 Jrlss!Jlumtry Lpplrtumktkbs8 lwbr Dbmbretklm 5

    2-6 Gk`etbre` Lffsbt Jrbokt Abjcemksa8 Em Lvbrvkbw 5

    2-4 E Zujjbssfu` ^ug`kj^rkvetb ^ertmbrsckp ^rlhbjt flr 7

    J`kaetb Jcemdb Aktkdetklm

    6-5 Wbdklme` @bvb` Ejtklms flr Ejjb`bretkmd 7

    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc km Eske

    Fkdurbs

    5-5 Bmbrdy emo Cuaem Obvb`lpabmt

    5-7 JL7 Bakssklm emo Wbslurjb Jlmsuaptklm

    km Eske, 7>>;

    5-: J`kaetb Jcemdb, lvbrty, emo Obvb`lpabmt Mbxus

    5-? Wbdklme` Bakssklms, 7>>; emo 7>:2

    5-2 Obvb`lpabmte` Ok`baae lf tcb Babrdkmd

    Eskem Bjlmlakbs

    5-6 Bakssklm Tbodbs

    5-4 Eme`ytkje` Abtclos emo Ztrujturb lf tcb Glli

    5-3 JL7 Kmtbmskty lf Drlss Olabstkj rloujt

    5-; Zljkl!Bjlmlay lf @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Kmtbrvbmtklm7-5 Ejjbss tl Geskj Mbbos km 7>5>

    7-7 Rmfl`okmd lf Wbmekssemjb JL7 Bakssklms

    emo Drlss Olabstkj rloujt

    7-: Iby Kmokjetlrs lf Jerglm Bakssklms km Eske

    emo tcb ^ejkstj, 5;3>7>>3

    7-? Objlaplsktklm lf JL7 Bakssklms km Eske emo

    tcb ^ejkstj, 5;3>7>>3

    7-2 ^rloujtklm!gesbo JL7 ^rloujtkvkty, 5;;>7>>>

    7-6 ^rloujtklm!gesbo JL7 ^rloujtkvkty, 7>>>7>>3

    7-4 Obaemo!gesbo JL7 ^rloujtkvkty, 5;;>7>>>

    7-3 Obaemo!gesbo JL7 ^rloujtkvkty, 7>>>7>>3

    7-; Freabwlri Jlmj`uobo et tcb 54tc Jlmfbrbmjblf tcb ertkbs km Ourgem

    7-5> @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc

    7-55 Kmokjetlrs Freabwlri

    :-5 Drlss Olabstkj rloujt lf Aehlr Eskem

    Bjlmlakbs, 7>>57>55

    :-7 Bmbrdy Jlmsuaptklm km Aehlr Eskem Bjlmlakbs,

    7>>57>>;

    :-: Bakssklm rlst`bs flr tcb ^blp`bs Wbpug`kj 5

    lf Jckme emo Kmoke

    :-? Eskes Aktkdetklm Bfflrts Mbbo Mbw l`kjkbs 5

    ?-5 @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc Obvb`lpabmt Ztretbdy 5

    ?-7 Okstrkgutklm lf ^lpu`etklm wktclut B`bjtrkjkty, 7>>3 5?-: ^rlplrtklm lf Wure` emo Rrgem lpu`etklm 5

    wktc B`bjtrkjkty km Eske

    ?-? ^lpu`etklm Wb`ykmd lm Zl`ko Fub`s flr Jllikmd, 7>>4 5

    ?-2 Evbredb Emmue` Obflrbstetklm Wetbs, 5

    5;;>7>>> emo 7>>>7>5>

    ?-6 ^rbperkmd tcb Drlumo flr tcb Jrbetklm lf Drbbm Hlgs 5

    @kst lf Glxbs, Fkdurbs,emo _eg`bs

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    ?-4 Wb`etkvb ^brflraemjb km Wbeokmbss flr Drbbm Hlg 5?6

    Jrbetklm

    ?-3 ^rlhbjtklms lf @eglr Flrjb Drlwtc8 Jcemdb km 5?;

    Tlrikmd ^lpu`etklm Edbo 526?, 7>5>7>72

    ?-; Fksje` Ztkau`us Zpbmokmd `ems #es lf Hu`y 7>>;+ 52?

    ?-5> Tlr`o Wbsberjc emo Obvb`lpabmt Zpbmokmd, 7>5> 52;

    ?-55 _lte` Wbsberjc emo Obvb`lpabmt Zpbmokmd 56>

    Wb`etkvb tl Drlss Olabstkj ^rloujt ealmd Aehlr

    D`lge` Bjlmlakbs ^ug`kj, rkvetb, emo Mlmprlstt

    ?-57 Bmbrdy Kaplrt Obpbmobmjy km Babrdkmd Eske 56?

    ?-5: Muj`ber Bmbrdy Jlmsuaptklm km Eske emo 566

    tcb ejkstj emo tcb Tlr`o

    ?-5? Muj`ber Bmbrdy Jlmsuaptklm km Eske emo 564

    tcb ^ejkstj

    2-5 ^ltbmtke` tl Wboujb Bakssklms gy Aehlr Eskem 542

    Jlumtrkbs, Rmktbo Ztetbs, emo Wusskem Fbobretklm

    2-7 Evbredb _erkff lf @lw!Jerglm Dllos emo 536

    Zbrvkjbs Jetbdlrkbs

    2-: Eooktklme` Kmvbstabmt Mbbobo flr Bakssklm 5;4

    Wboujtklm gy 7>:>

    2-? EOGs J`bem Bmbrdy _erdbts 7>72-2 J`bem Bmbrdy Kmvbstabmt _ypbs emo F`lws, 7>>3 7>?

    6-5 Muagbr lf Iby l`kjy Kmktketkvbs emo @lw!Jerglm 757

    Ejtklms _eibm gy Zb`bjtbo Eskem Jlumtrkbs

    6-7 Oymeakj Au`tk`bvb` Jllpbretklm Freabwlri flr 75;

    Ejjb`bretkmd @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc

    _eg`bs

    5-5 Vl`umtery `bodbs aeob km Jlpbmcedbm tcrludc 5>

    Metklme` y Epprlprketb Aktkdetklm Ejtklms

    5-7 Jurrbmt emo rlhbjtbo Bakssklm _rbmos lf Eske 5:

    5-: Zbjtlre` Ztretbdkbs emo Tbodbs Wb`etkvb tl 75

    5? Dt lf JL7 Bqukve`bmt pbr [ber5-? Tlr`o Aeribt flr Bmvkrlmabmte` Dllos emo 7:

    Zbrvkjbs Evbredb Emmue` Wetb lf Drlwtc,

    7>>?7>5>8 Ckdc emo @lw Drlwtc Bstkaetbs

    5-2 Jlst lf Ejckbvkmd ?2> ^erts pbr Ak``klm JL7 gy 7>2> 73

    5-6 ^l`kjkbs tcet rlaltb @lw!Jerglm Bmbrdy :7

    _remsktklms km Zb`bjtbo Jlumtrkbs lf Eske

    7-5 ^rlhbjtklms lf Drlss Olabstkj ^rloujt Drlwtc lf ?>

    Eskem Bjlmlakbs, 7>:> #et 7>5> jlmstemt prkjbs+

    7-7 ^est emo rlhbjtbo Bmbrdy Obaemo #Wbfbrbmjb ?6

    Zjbmerkl+ emo JL7 Bakssklms

    7-: Wbqukrbo Drbbmclusb Des Wboujtklm Wetkl ?6

    Jlaperbo wktc 7>>2 @bvb`7-? Iby @lw!Jerglm _bjcml`ldkbs tcet cevb Tkobsprbeo ?;

    ^rejtkje` Kmtrloujtklm emo Bxpemsklm cesbs

    7-2 Rmobrstemokmd Flur Okabmsklms lf @lw!Jerglm 26

    Drbbm Fkmemjb

    7-6 Bmbrdy Kmtbmskty emo Erbes lf ^ltbmtke` Aktkdetklm 24

    7-4 Bxeap`bs lf Bakssklms Wboujtklm _erdbts 6>

    7-3 Jlmvbrdkmd ^brspbjtkvbs lm @lw!Jerglm

    Drbbm Drlwtc

    7-; Ak``bmmkua Obvb`lpabmt Dle`s emo tcbkr

    Lvbr`eps wktc J`kaetb Jcemdb Kssubs

    7-5> Zb`bjtbo Kmokjetlrs flr Abesurkmd rldrbss km

    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc

    :-5 Jlaperkslm lf Geskj Kmokjetlrs ejrlss Jlumtrkbs

    :-7 J`kaetb Jcemdb Aktkdetklm _erdbts flr

    Aehlr Eskem Bjlmlakbs

    :-: Jlaperkslm lf tcb Jurrbmt Epp`kjetklm lf

    Verklus Kmstruabmts km Bejc lf tcb Ztuoy Jlumtrkbs

    :-? Bxeap`bs lf Mbw Aeribt Abjcemksas km Eske

    :-2 ^ug`kj ^l`kjy Abjcemksas flr Zupplrtkmd

    @lw!Jerglm Kmmlvetklms

    :-6 E Zuaaery lf @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc l`kjkbs

    emo Abesurbs rejtkjbo lr rlplsbo gy

    Babrdkmd Bjlmlakbs km Eske

    :-4 Jce``bmdbs km Abbtkmd `emmbo _erdbts km _cek`emo

    :-3 Jlaplmbmts lf Dlvbrmabmt Zpbmokmd,

    Bakssklms, emo ug`kj Obgt

    ?-5 Bjlmlakbs Alst Vu`mbreg`b tl Tbetcbr Kapejtstl 7>52

    ?-7 Obetcs Ettrkguteg`b tl Zl`ko Fub` Rsb

    ?-: Lpplrtumktkbs flr Hlg Jrbetklm frla Drbbm l`kjkbs

    ?-? Wbdklme` Rmbap`lyabmt Wetb Bstkaetbs

    ?-2 Zcerb lf Bap`lyabmt Obbabo Vu`mbreg`b

    ?-6 Zcerbs lf Bap`lyabmt gy Grleo Zbjtlr

    ?-4 ^rlhbjtklms lf Bap`lyabmt Bffbjts lf tcb Wbpug`kj

    lf Ilrbes Drbbm Fksje` Ztkau`us

    ?-3 _cb @beokmd Jlumtrkbs flr Drbbm Kmvbmtklms

    ejjlrokmd tl etbmt Oete

    ?-; @lw!Jerglm l`kjkbs km Eske

    ?-5> Muj`ber B`bjtrkjkty!Dbmbretkmd Jepejkty 7>57?-55 Iby l`kjy Ejtklms Wbqukrbo

    2-5 Flrbkdm Wbsbrvbs lf Zb`bjtbo Jlumtrkbs

    2-7 ^ltbmtke` Bxplrts lf @lw!Jerglm Dllos emo

    Zbrvkjbs umobr Okffbrbmt Zjbmerkls

    2-: Kmtb``bjtue` ^rlpbrty Wkdcts Wbdkabs emo @lw!Jergl

    Kmoustry ^l`kjkbs km Zb`bjtbo Eskem Jlumtrkbs

    2-? Iby EOG Fumokmd Abjcemksas flr

    Bmvkrlmabmte` rlhbjts

    6-5 J`esskstjetklm lf J`kaetb Jcemdb

    Aktkdetklm Kmstruabmts

    6-7 ^ug`kj ^l`kjy Abjcemksas flr Zupplrtkmd

    @lw!Jerglm Kmmlvetklms6-: Kmtb``bjtue` ^rlpbrty Wkdcts Wbdkabs emo

    @lw!Jerglm Kmoustry l`kjkbs km Zb`bjtbo

    Eskem Jlumtrkbs

    6-? Zbjtlr!Zpbjkstj ^l`kjy Ejtklms flr Ejckbvkmd

    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc km Babrdkmd

    Eskem Bjlmlakbs

    @kst lf Glxbs, Fkdurbs, emo _eg`bs

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    _cb bxpbrkbmjbs lf tcbsb emo ltcbr jlumtrkb

    jem gb sje`bo up, rbp`kjetbo, emo eoeptbo tl

    jlmoktklms km ltcbr jlumtrkbs ejrlss Eske emo tcb

    ^ejkstj rbdklm- _eibm tldbtcbr, wb cevb eap`b

    rbeslm tl gb plsktkvb, jlmstobmt, emo jluredblus-

    _cks EOG!EOGK stuoy, J`kaetb Jcemdb emo Drbbm

    Eske, scbos kdct lm tcb bxpbrkbmjbs emo bsslms lfEskem bjlmlakbs- Km tcb stuoy, tcb `lw!jerglm drb

    drlwtc pl`kjkbs emo prejtkjbs lf Eskem jlumtrkbs

    erb rbvkbwbo emo essbssbo, emo pl`kjy deps emo

    mbw lpplrtumktkbs flr `lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc

    erb kobmtkstbo- Tktc kmput frla pl`kjyaeibrs emo

    52 prlakmbmt rbdklme` tckmi temis, tcb stuoy wk``

    cb`p tl flrdb e rbdklme` pbrspbjtkvb lm lw!jerglm

    drbbm drlwtc jce``bmdbs, lptklms, emo kssubs-

    Km kdct lf ejjb`bretkmd bmvkrlmabmte`

    obdreoetklm emo tcb drlwkmd tcrbet lf j`kaetb

    jcemdb, eagktklus pl`kjkbs et tcb metklme` `bvb`

    emo e sckft frla tcb guskmbss es usue` akmosbt erb

    mbbobo- Km tcks rbdero, tcks stuoy prlplsbs tcrbb

    iby plkmts lf ejtklm-

    Fkrst, tcbrb ks e mbbo flr j`ber lmd!tbra pl`k

    freabwlris tcet put e prkjb lm jerglm emo ltcbr

    bmvkrlmabmte` bxtbrme`ktkbs wck`b pceskmd lut

    sugskokbs tl jerglm emo rbslurjb kmtbmskvb sbjtlrs

    _cks wk`` sbmo tcb rkdct aeribt skdme`s emo cb`pspbbo tcb obvb`lpabmt emo upteib lf lw!jerglm

    emo rbslurjb!bfstjkbmt tbjcml`ldkbs-

    Zbjlmo, strlmdbr rbdklme` jllpbretklm ks

    mbbobo tl bffbjtkvb`y scerb imlw`bodb emo prlal

    Zlutc!Zlutc pl`kjy oke`ldub, emo tl jllrokmetb

    ejtklm beokmd tl tcb jrbetklm lf rbdklme` pug`kj

    dllos sujc es rbdklme` jerglm aeribts, hlkmt W&O

    bfflrts, emo tbjcml`ldy jllpbretklm-

    Eske ks et jrlssrleos- Tck`b tcb rbdklm ks

    bxpbrkbmjkmd aujc festbr bjlmlakj drlwtc emo

    plvbrty rboujtklm tcem tcb wlr`o evbredb, tldbtcbr

    wktc ltcbr wlr`o rbdklms kt ks jlmsuakmd alrb

    bmbrdy emo meture` rbslurjbs tcem lur p`embts

    rbdbmbretkvb jepejkty jem prlvkob- Tktc bejc

    pesskmd oey, Eskes jerglm bakssklms drlw, es olbs

    kts vu`mbregk`kty tl j`kaetb rksis- _cb pllr erb tcb

    alst vu`mbreg`b tl tcbsb oksruptklms, ejikmd

    lptklms tl eoept tl jcemdkmd j`kaetkj jlmoktklms-

    Eske ks gbdkmmkmd tl cbbo tcb abssedb tcet

    kt aust alvb lmtl e `lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc

    petc- Aemy babrdkmd bjlmlakbs erb eolptkmd e

    obvb`lpabmt alob` gesbo lm jlapbtktkvb drbbm

    kmoustrkbs emo drbbm tbjcml`ldkbs- _cb blp`bs

    Wbpug`kj lf Jckme, flr bxeap`b, ces gbjlab tcb

    wlr`os tlp kmste``br lf wkmo turgkmbs emo sl`er

    tcbrae` systbas- Kmoke ks bxpemokmd gklfub`s, sl`er,emo ltcbr flras lf lw!jerglm bmbrdy tcrludc tcb

    usb lf rbmbweg`b bmbrdy jbrtkstjetbs- Abemwck`b,

    Kmolmbske ks ejtkvb km bmcemjbabmt lf flrbst jerglm

    stljis tcrludc jlmsbrvetklm emo ltcbr jlumtrkbs

    cevb bsteg`kscbo terdbts lm juttkmd jerglm

    bakssklms-

    Flrbwlro

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    Emo tckro, kmvbstabmt aust gb sje`bo up-

    Algk`kzetklm lf tcb prkvetb sbjtlr, kmj`uokmd tcrludc

    pug`kjprkvetb pertmbrsckps, ks jrujke` tl tcb

    stmemjkmd lf `lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc kmktketkvbs-

    Es tcb au`tk`etbre` gemi lf tcb Eske emo ^ejkstj

    rbdklm, EOG ks cb`pkmd kts obvb`lpkmd abagbr

    jlumtrkbs tl ejjbss emo sje`b up stmemjkmd tl jrbetbkmj`uskvb emo sustekmeg`b drlwtc- Km `bss tcem e

    objeob, EOGs emmue` j`bem bmbrdy kmvbstabmt

    kmjrbesbo mber`y bkdctfl`o, frla /776 ak``klm km

    7>>: tl /5-; gk``klm km 7>57- _crludc kts verklus

    fumokmd wkmolws emo tbjcmkje` esskstemjb fejk`ktkbs,

    EOG e`sl prlvkobs supplrt tl lw!jerglm prlhbjts km

    e remdb lf ltcbr sbjtlrs, kmj`uokmd tremsplrt, westb

    aemedbabmt, emo edrkju`turb-

    Eskes eolptklm lf e `lw!jerglm drbbm

    drlwtc petc ks alrb tcem e j`kaetb rbsplmsb-Kt obe`s squerb`y wktc tcb trkp`b glttla kmb lf

    ejckbvkmd fevlreg`b bjlmlakj, bmvkrlmabmte`,

    emo sljke` lutjlabs tcrludc pl`kjkbs flr kmj`uskvb

    emo sustekmeg`b drlwtc- K clpb tcks glli wk`` dkvb

    bmjluredbabmt tl prejtktklmbrs km tcb rbdklm wcl

    erb jlmskobrkmd emo bve uetkmd jlmjrbtb pl`kjy

    lptklms emo sbrvb es e ve`ueg`b rbslurjb flr tclsb

    sbbikmd e jlaprbcbmskvb lvbrvkbw lf `lw!jerglm,

    drbbm drlwtc kmktketkvbs km Eske emo tcb ^ejkstjrbdklm emo lf tcb lptklms dlkmd flrwero-

    Ceruckil Iurloe

    ^rbskobmt

    Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi

    :5 Hemuery 7>5:

    Flrbwlro

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    EOG Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi

    EOGK Eskem Obvb`lpabmt Gemi Kmstktutb

    E^BJ Eske!^ejkstj Bjlmlakj Jllpbretklm

    EZBEM Essljketklm lf Zlutcbest Eskem Metklms

    GKAZ_BJ Gemd`eobsc, Kmoke, Ayemaer, Zrk @emie

    emo _cek`emo Bjlmlakj Jllpbretklm

    GLJA gk`etbre` lffsbt jrbokt abjcemksa

    JEWBJ Jbmtre` Eske Wbdklme` Bjlmlakj Jllpbretklm

    JJZ jerglm jepturb emo stlredb

    JOA J`bem Obvb`lpabmt Abjcemksa

    JBW jbrtkstbo bakssklm rboujtklm

    JMD jlaprbssbo meture` des

    JL7

    jerglm oklxkob

    JL^ Jlmfbrbmjb lf tcb ertkbs

    J^: J`kaetb ug`kj rkvetb ertmbrsckp

    OFKO Obpertabmt flr Kmtbrmetklme` Obvb`lpabmt

    lf tcb Rmktbo Ikmdola

    BR Burlpbem Rmklm

    B_Z Bakssklm _reokmd Zjcbab

    FEL Fllo emo Edrkju`turb Lrdemkzetklm

    lf tcb Rmktbo Metklms

    FOK flrbkdm okrbjt kmvbstabmtFKJJK Fbobretklm lf Kmokem Jceagbrs lf Jlaabrjb

    emo Kmoustry

    FK_ fbbo!km terkff

    F_E frbb treob edrbbabmt

    DO^ drlss olabstkj prloujt

    DBF D`lge` Bmvkrlmabmt Fejk`kty

    DDDK D`lge` Drbbm Drlwtc Kmstktutb

    DCD drbbmclusb des

    DAZ Drbetbr Abilmd Zugrbdklm

    DM^ drlss metklme` prloujt

    DW_ dbmbretklm rkdcts treokmd

    KBE Kmtbrmetklme` Bmbrdy EdbmjyK@L Kmtbrmetklme` @eglur Lrdemkzetklm

    K^JJ Kmtbrdlvbrmabmte` emb` lm J`kaetb Jcemdb

    K^W kmtb``bjtue` prlpbrty rkdcts

    HGKJ Hepem Gemi flr Kmtbrmetklme` Jllpbretklm

    @JDZ `lw!jerglm dllos emo sbrvkjbs

    @^D `kqubstbo pbtrl`bua des

    AOD Ak``bmmkua Obvb`lpabmt Dle`

    AWV abesurbabmt, rbplrtkmd, emo vbrkstjetklm

    AZABs akjrl, sae``, emo abokua!skzbo bmtbrprksbs

    MEAE metklme``y epprlprketb aktkdetklm ejtklm

    M7L mktrlus lxkob

    LOE lfstjke` obvb`lpabmt esskstemjb

    LBJO Lrdemksetklm flr Bjlmlakj Jl!lpbretklm

    emo Obvb`lpabmt

    ^E_ pbrflra, ejckbvb emo treob

    ^^^ pug`kj!prkvetb pertmbrsckp

    ^WJ ^blp`bs Wbpug`kj lf Jckme

    ^V pcltlvl`tekj

    W&O rbsberjc emo obvb`lpabmt

    WBJ rbmbweg`b bmbrdy jbrtkstjetb

    WBOO rboujkmd bakssklms frla obflrbstetklm

    emo obdreoetklm

    W^Z rbmbweg`b plrtfl`kl stemoero

    ZEEWJ Zlutc Eskem Essljketklm flr Wbdklme` Jllpbretklm

    ZABs sae`` emo abokua!skzbo bmtbrprksbs

    _BWK _cb Bmbrdy emo Wbslurjbs Kmstktutb

    _WK^Z treob!rb`etbo espbjts lf kmtb``bjtue` prlpbrty rkdcRI Rmktbo Ikmdola

    RM Rmktbo Metklms

    RMJLA_WEOB

    Rmktbo Metklms Jlaalokty _reob Ztetkstkjs

    RMJ_EO Rmktbo Metklms Jlmfbrbmjb lm _reob

    emo Obvb`lpabmt

    RMO^ Rmktbo Metklms Obvb`lpabmt rldreaab

    RMB^ Rmktbo Metklms Bmvkrlmabmt rldreaab

    RMBZJE^ Rmktbo Metklms Bjlmlakj emo Zljke` Jlaakssklm

    flr Eske emo tcb ejkstj

    RMFJJJ Rmktbo Metklms Freabwlri Jlmvbmtklm lm

    J`kaetb JcemdbRZ Rmktbo Ztetbs

    TCL Tlr`o Cbe`tc Lrdemkzetklm

    TKW Tlr`o Kmvbstabmt Wbplrts

    TK_Z Tlr`o Kmtbdretbo _reob Zl`utklm

    T_L Tlr`o _reob Lrdemkzetklm

    Eggrbvketklms emo Ejrlmyas

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    Wlgust bjlmlakj drlwtc ks kftkmd ak``klms lf

    pblp`b lut lf plvbrty km Eske, gut ks e`sl orkvkmd

    rbslurjb emo bmbrdy jlmsuaptklm tl umsustekmeg`b

    `bvb`s- J`kaetb jcemdb bxejbrgetbs tcb jce``bmdbs

    lf drlwtc emo obvb`lpabmt- _cb obvb`lpkmd

    bjlmlakbs lf Eske erb ckdc`y vu`mbreg`b tl

    jcemdkmd j`kaetb- E werakmd lf 7J wlu`o `beo tl

    `lssbs km ckdc!kmjlab jlumtrkbs emo e d`lge` lss lf

    eglut 5" tl 7" lf drlss olabstkj prloujt #DO^+, gut

    Eskes akoo`b! emo `lw!kmjlab jlumtrkbs jlu`o `lsb

    es aujc es 6" lf DO^- J`kaetb jcemdb ks cerakmd

    aemy bjlmlakbs km tcb rbdklm, okvbrtkmd rbslurjbs

    frla obvb`lpabmt prldreas, emo aeikmd kt alrb

    okfstju`t flr pblp`b tl bsjepb plvbrty-

    Eske ejjlumts flr eglut ?>" lf d`lge`

    drbbmclusb des #DCD+ bakssklms emo tcks scerb wk``

    rksb tl e`alst 2>" gy 7>:> km e guskmbss!es!usue`

    sjbmerkl- [bt slab 62> ak``klm pblp`b km Eske `ejiejjbss tl j`bem fub`s flr jllikmd emo cbetkmd, emo

    ak``klms alrb `eji b`bjtrkjkty- Clwbvbr, obvb`lpkmd

    jlumtrkbs jemmlt skap`y fl``lw tcb jerglm

    kmtbmskvb obvb`lpabmt petc teibm gy kmoustrke`kzbo

    jlumtrkbs- Kt ks bstkaetbo tcet, gy 7>2>, 64" lf tcb

    pblp`b km Eske wk`` kvb km jktkbs- _cks kmjrbeskmd

    urgemkzetklm wk`` rbqukrb e aesskvb bxpemsklm km

    tremsplrtetklm kmfrestrujturb, urgem obvb`lpabmt,

    bmbrdy prloujtklm, emo edrkju`ture` lutput- _cks ks e

    flrjbfu` rbakmobr tcet stmokmd `lw!jerglm sl`utklms

    flr Eske ks mbktcbr e uxury prlg`ba mlr e j`kaetb

    prlg`ba- Kt ks flrbalst e rbe`kty tcet wk`` rbqukrb e

    mbw obvb`lpabmt pereokda-

    @lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc ks em evbmub

    tlwero obvb`lpabmt tcet objlup`bs bjlmlakj

    drlwtc frla jerglm bakssklms, pl``utklm, emo

    rbslurjb usb, emo prlaltbs drlwtc tcrludc tc

    jrbetklm lf mbw bmvkrlmabmt!frkbmo`y prloujt

    kmoustrkbs, emo guskmbss alob`s tcet e`sl kapr

    que`kty lf `kfb- _cus, lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc b#k+ uskmd `bss bmbrdy, kaprlvkmd tcb bfstjkbmjy

    wktc wckjc rbslurjbs erb usbo, emo alvkmd tl

    `lw!jerglm bmbrdy slurjbs, #kk+ prltbjtkmd emo

    prlaltkmd tcb sustekmeg`b usb lf meture` rbsl

    sujc es flrbsts emo pbet emos, #kkk+ obskdmkmd

    emo okssbakmetkmd lw!jerglm tbjcml`ldkbs e

    guskmbss alob`s tl rbkmvkdlretb lje` bjlmla

    emo #kv+ kap`babmtkmd pl`kjkbs emo kmjbmtkvbs

    tcet oksjluredb jerglm kmtbmskvb prejtkjbs-

    Clw j`lsb erb tcb babrdkmd bjlmlakbs

    lf Eske tl turmkmd tcbkr espkretklms flr e mbw

    obvb`lpabmt pereokda kmtl e rbe`kty< Tcet p

    kmstktutklms, emo stmemjke` fejtlrs ejjb`bretb lr

    kmckgkt e sckft tl rbslurjb!bfstjkbmt drbbm drlw

    Tcet ks tcb pltbmtke` flr tcb prkvetb sbjtlr,

    tbjcml`ldy, stmemjkmd, emo rbdklme` jllpbretkl

    gbjlab orkvbrs flr futurb bjlmlakj drlwtc< _

    glli ekas tl emswbr tcbsb qubstklms gy rbvkbw

    tcb `lw!jerglm pl`kjy kmktketkvbs teibm gy Eskejlumtrkbs et tcb metklme`, sbjtlre`, emo `lje` `bv

    wck`b essbsskmd tcb ejckbvbabmts, kobmtkfykmd

    deps, emo bxeakmkmd mbw lpplrtumktkbs flr `lw

    jerglm drbbm drlwtc- _cb dle` lf tcks stuoy ks

    scerb tcb bxpbrkbmjbs emo bsslms lf sbvbre` E

    jlumtrkbs wktc ltcbr obvb`lpkmd metklms emo a

    rbjlaabmoetklms flr ejtklms gy tcb jlumtrkbs

    tcb rbdklm, wck`b obbpbmkmd tcb ejtklms lf beo

    bjlmlakbs- _cks glli ks gesbo lm tcb rbjldmkt

    tcet gbmbstts frla lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc e

    em kapbretkvb, mlt e `uxury, flr obvb`lpkmd Esk

    Eske aust e`sl stmo em emswbr tl tcb alumtkm

    kmtbrmetklme` jlapbtktklm flr rbslurjbsbmbr

    rew aetbrke`s, wetbr, emo fbrtk`b edrkju`ture` `e

    tcet wk`` olakmetb tcb jlakmd objeobs-

    Bxbjutkvb Zuaaery

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    Jcemdkmd brspbjtkvbs, Jlmvbrdkmd l`kjkbs,

    emo _remsflraetklm Ztretbdkbs

    Lm tcb alvb tlwero `lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc, e

    drbet obe` ks ceppbmkmd km Eske- Jlaperbo tl tcb

    bjlmlakbs lf ltcbr rbdklms, Eske ces tcb ckdcbst

    retb lf pl`kjy kmmlvetklms emo jlaaktabmts tl

    `lw!jerglm bjlmlakj obvb`lpabmt- Aemy jlumtrkbslf tcb rbdklm cevb kmjlrplretbo `lw!jerglm drlwtc

    jlaplmbmts km tcbkr metklme` obvb`lpabmt p`ems tl

    ettekm e gbttbr ge`emjb gbtwbbm tcb bmvkrlmabmt,

    tcb bjlmlay, emo sljke` wb`ferb- Cbevk`y obpbmobmt

    lm kaplrtbo rbslurjbs emo bmbrdy, tcb babrdkmd

    bjlmlakbs lf Eske cevb gbbm pursukmd e mbw, `lw

    jerglm obvb`lpabmt pereokda tcet ks kaprlvkmd

    kmoustrke` jlapbtktkvbmbss emo sbrvkmd gurdblmkm

    drbbm tbjcml`ldy aeribts- _cb blp`bs Wbpug`kj

    lf Jckme, Kmoke, emo Kmolmbske, flr bxeap`b, erb

    gbjlakmd aeribt beobrs km e verkbty lf `lw!jergl

    tbjcml`ldkbs sujc es wkmo turgkmbs, sl`er jb``s,b`bjtrkj vbckj`bs, emo gklfub`s, ealmd ltcbrs-

    Dkvbm tcb drbet pltbmtke` lf rbmbweg`b

    bmbrdy slurjbs emo bmbrdy bfstjkbmjy km alst

    Eskem jlumtrkbs, fbbo!km terkffs #FK_s+ emo rbmbweg

    bmbrdy plrtfl`kl stemoeros jlu`o sbrvb tl ettrejt

    Bxbjutkvb Zuaaxkk

    Bmbrdy

    Zbbi jlst!bffbjtkvb,

    aeribt!gesbo sl`utklms

    flr tcb upteib lf bxkstkmd

    tbjcml`ldkbs

    Kmvbst km rboujkmd tcb jlst

    lf bxkstkmd lw!jerglm

    tbjcml`ldkbs sujc es sl`er,

    wkmo, emo gkl!bmbrdy-

    Jlmtkmub tl fljus lm

    `lwbrkmd bmbrdy kmtbmskty

    emo kaprlvkmd jerglm

    prloujtkvkty gy jcemdkmd

    tcb bmbrdy akx ewey frla

    em lvbr!rb`kemjb lm flssk`

    fub`s-

    Dreoue``y rbalvb flssk`

    fub` sugskokbs, kmtrloujb

    trub bmbrdy prkjkmd, emo

    prlaltb abjcemksas sujc

    es FK_s emo rbmbweg`b

    plrtfl`kl stemoeros #W^Z+ ^rldrbsskvb`y eabmo

    `ews km lrobr tl sje`b

    up rbmbweg`b bmbrdy km

    e jlapbtktkvb aeribt

    olakmetbo gy flssk` fub`s

    Bmbrdy Bfstjkbmjy

    Kaprlvb bmbrdy bfstjkbmjy

    tcrludc e jlagkmetklm lf

    rbdu`etklms emo aeribt!

    gesbo kmstruabmts

    @eumjc tlp!rummbr

    prldreas flr kmoustrke`

    tbjcml`ldkbs emo b`bjtrkje`

    epp`kemjbs

    Bxpemo bmbrdy sevkmd

    `egb`kmd prldreas emo

    gbdkm tl tbst jerglm

    `egb`kmd prldreas

    Obvb`lp e fljusbo emo

    wb``!pejiedbo rbdu`etlry

    systba flr sae`` emo

    abokua!skzbo bmtbrprksbs

    #ZABs+ tcet kmtbdretbs

    bfstjkbmjy stemoeros emo

    terdbts gy esskstkmd wktc

    jlap`kemjb abjcemksas,

    kmj`uokmd prlvkokmd fumosemo aetjckmd dremts wktc

    dle`s

    Obvb`lp sbjtlre`

    dukob`kmbs emo trekmkmd tl

    ejckbvb bmbrdy bfstjkbmjy

    stemoeros

    _remsplrt

    Obvb`lp mbw rbdu`etklms,

    pl`kjkbs, emo stmemjkmd

    abjcemksas tl e`tbr jurrbm

    bbt drlwtc pettbrms

    Kmtrloujb mbw

    pbrflraemjb!gesbo

    terdbts emo kmjbmtkvb

    systbas, sujc es tex

    bxbaptklm flr lw!jergl

    vbckj`bs flr tcb tremsplr

    sbjtlr

    ^rldrbsskvb y kaprlvb

    tcb fub` bfstjkbmjy emo

    pl``utklm stemoeros flr

    pessbmdbr jers emo kdct

    outy vbckj`bs

    Kmtrloujb rbtek` se`bs lf

    gklfub`s sujc es btceml

    urgem emo rure` aeribts

    Obvb`lp e jlmskstbmt

    freabwlri flr kmtbdretkmbxtbrme`ktkbs sujc es lj

    ekr pl``utklm emo usb tl

    prlaltb bfstjkbmt emo

    sbea`bss au`tkaloe`

    tremsplrt systbas

    Metklme` @bvb` Zbjtlr

    Zpbjkstj ^l`kjy Ejtklms

    flr Ejjb`bretkmd @lw!

    Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc

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    Bxbjutkvb Zuaaery

    kmvbstabmt emo prlaltb e metklme` bmbrdy

    tremsktklm- Ltcbr pl`kjy kmmlvetklms km kmoustry,

    tremsplrtetklm, emo urgem sbjtlrs erb e`sl aeikmd

    `lw!jerglm tbjcml`ldkbs efflroeg`b flr aemy

    akoo`b! emo `lw!kmjlab jlumtrkbs- Eskes pl`kjy

    bxpbrkbmjbs emo espkretklms km teji`kmd j`kaetb

    jcemdb tcrludc au`tk!sbjtlre`, au`tk!`bvb`epprlejcbs sclw tcet tcbrb erb jl!gbmbstts frla

    tcbsb epprlejcbs km tcb sclrt tbra, es wb`` es tcb

    abokua tl lmd tbra- _cb teg`b gb`lw suaaerkzbs

    ejtklms slab jlumtrkbs erb teikmd tcet jlu`o gb

    rl``bo lut ejrlss tcb rbdklm-

    Eskes bxpbrkbmjbs ejrlss okffbrbmt sbjtl

    sclw tcet tbjcml`ldkje` kmmlvetklm flr kmjrbe

    rbslurjb bfstjkbmjy ks e jete`yst flr jcemdb- _l

    bmjluredb tcks jcemdb, dlvbrmabmts sclu`o r

    tcb jlst lf tbjcml`ldkbs, supplrt W&O, emo kap

    boujetklm tl dbmbretb `lw!jerglm drbbm drlwt

    jlmqubr tcb jlst gerrkbr lf mbw tbjcml`ldkbs, Eskem dlvbrmabmts emo kmoustrkbs cevb jllpb

    sujjbssfu``y km dbmbretkmd e autue` y rbkmflrj

    jyj`b lf aeribt bxpemsklm emo jlst rboujtklm-

    ces mlt lm`y rbsu`tbo km erdb!sje`b obp`lyabm

    `lw!jerglm tbjcml`ldkbs gut e`sl ces prlvkobo

    Edrkju`turb & Flrbstry

    Kobmtkfy emo kap`babmt tcb

    kaaboketb ejtklms mbbobo tl

    rbstlrb jerglm skmis

    Kmtrloujb mbw aeribt!

    gesbo kmjbmtkvbs flr

    rbstlrkmd obdreobo

    flrbsts emo prlvkokmd rure`

    bap`lyabmt

    Kmjrbesb kmspbjtklm

    jepejkty emo tkdctbm

    pbme`tkbs flr k``bde` lddkmd

    Zje`b up pk`lt sjcbabs flr

    bmcemjkmd jerglm stlji

    sujc es emo sbqubstretklm

    emo rboujtklm lf wetbr emo

    fbrtk`kzbr usb

    Bxtbmo ewerbmbss lf

    aeribt!gesbo kmstruabmts

    tl ksl`etbo jlaaumktkbs

    emo pllr ferabrs

    Rrgem Zbjtlr Abesurbs

    Zje`b up jllrokmetbo pl`kjkbs

    flr emo usb p`emmkmd, urgem

    kmfrestrujturb, emo stmemjb

    Jcemdb rbdu`etklms emo

    stemoeros km guk`okmds tcet

    `beo tl tcb kmbfstjkbmt usb

    lf bmbrdy emo aetbrke`s-

    ^k`lt aeribt!gesbo

    abjcemksas sujc es

    jerglm prkjkmd emo jep

    emo treob tl bmjluredb

    tcb bfstjkbmt usb lf pug`kj

    rbslurjbs

    Bmjluredb emo prlvkob

    eovkjb lm lw!jerglm

    `kfbsty`b jclkjbs emo

    abmtlrkmd prldreas flr

    mbkdcglrcllos

    Wbalvb gerrkbrs tl

    aess tremskt mbtwlris,

    kaprlvkmd kmtbr!aloe`kty lftremsplrt emo urgem frbkdct

    sl`utklms, btj-

    Kmoustry & _reob

    Jrbetb jlapbtktkvb aeribts

    fljusbo lm ckdc ve`ub eoobo,

    `lw!jerglm prloujts emo

    sbrvkjbs

    Kmtbdretb lw!jerglm

    terdbts emo lghbjtkvbs

    kmtl jbmtre` emo lje` bvb`

    kmoustrke` pl`kjy

    @kmi kmoustrke` prlaltklm

    kmjbmtkvbs emo prkvetb

    sbjtlr kmmlvetklms tl

    jerglm pbrflraemjb

    Wboujb tcb terkff retb flr

    `lw!jerglm bmvkrlmabmte`

    dllos emo sbrvkjbs emo

    strbmdtcbm kmtb``bjtue`

    prlpbrty rbdkabs

    ^rlvkob kmflraetklm emo

    trekmkmd lm bxkstkmd emo

    babrdkmd tbjcml`ldkbs,

    aemedbabmt prejtkjbs,emo rb`etbo drbbm guskmbss

    lpplrtumktkbs evek`eg`b

    kmtbrmetklme``y

    Fksje`

    Kobmtkfy emo kap`babm

    kaaboketb ejtklms mb

    tl kmtrloujb aeribt!g

    kmstruabmts

    ^k`lt guodbtery rbfl

    wktc dreoue` kmjrbe

    bmbrdy texbs lr jer

    prkjkmd

    Kmtrloujb pbrflrae

    gesbo tex kmjbmtkvb

    systbas flr ejckbvk

    sbjtlre` bakssklm t

    Bxp`lrb kmmlvetkvb

    stmemjkmd kmstruab

    emo ejjb`bretb rbsb

    emo obvb`lpabmt #W

    supplrt flr futurb

    kmoustrkbs

    Kaprlvb bfstjkbmjy,

    tremsperbmjy, emo

    ejjlumtegk`kty kmtcb stmemjke` sbjtlr

    gy kmj`uokmd retkmd

    prldreas emolr je

    jrbokt sjcbabs wkt

    abesurbabmt, rbpl

    emo vbrkstjetklm

    #AWV+ rbqukrbabmt

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    Bxbjutkvb Zuaaxkv

    abems flr ltcbr jlumtrkbs tl lvbrjlab jlst gerrkbrs-

    E strlmd pertmbrsckp gbtwbbm tcb pug`kj emo

    prkvetb sbjtlr bmsurbs em bffbjtkvb lw lf stmemjke`

    rbslurjbs tl stras emo clusbcl`os tcet rbkmflrjbs

    tcb lmd!tbra kap`babmtetklm lf prldreas

    lrdemkzbo erlumo aeribt!gesbo kmjbmtkvbs- Alst lf

    tcb stmemjb rbqukrbo wk`` gb flr kmvbstabmt km mbwlr kaprlvbo kmfrestrujturb- _cks abems tcbsb pug`kj

    stmemjb abjcemksa aust fejk`ktetb kmvbstabmt km

    prloujtkvb jepkte` wktc e `lmd `kfb spem wcbrb jlsts

    jem gb ealrtkzbo lvbr tcb kfb lf tcb essbts- _cb iby

    tcbrbflrb wk`` gb tl kmi pug`kj stmemjb abjcemksas

    tl slurjbs lf prkvetb stmemjb sukteg`b flr lw!

    jerglm kmfrestrujturb kmvbstabmt- _cb prkvetb

    sbjtlr ks e`sl pertmbrkmd wktc dlvbrmabmts tl

    kap`babmt dlvbrmemjb jkrj`bs, bmsurkmd epprlprketb

    almktlrkmd emo rbplrtkmd ejtkvktkbs- @lw!jerglm

    obvb`lpabmt tcus rbqukrbs e jlmtrkgutklm mlt hust

    frla bmvkrlmabmte` pl`kjy, gut e`sl frla stmemjb,

    treob, sjkbmjb, tbjcml`ldy, dlvbrmemjb, emo ltcbr

    pl`kjy erbes-

    _cb eme`ysks e`sl sclws tcet obvb`lpkmd

    Eske mbbos tl wlrry mlt lm`y eglut tcb bffbjts lf

    j`kaetb jcemdb, gut e`sl wcbtcbr tcby erb ljikmd

    tcbasb`vbs kmtl e ckdc!jerglm futurb- Babrdkmd

    Eske ks drlwkmd festbr tcem ltcbr rbdklms lf tcbwlr`o- _cb kmfrestrujturb rbsu`tkmd frla tcb ckdc

    drlwtc bre emo obvb`lpabmt kmtrloujbs em b`babmt

    lf kmbrtke tcet ljis km jerglm flltprkmts flr aemy

    ybers- lwbr p`emts emo fejtlrkbs cevb kfbtkabs lf 52

    tl ?> ybers, wck`b rleo, rek`, emo plwbr okstrkgutklm

    mbtwlris jem est ?> tl 42 ybers, lr alrb- Objksklms

    lm emo usb emo urgem p`emmkmd cevb bffbjts tcet

    jem est alrb tcem e jbmtury- Cbmjb, lpplrtumktkbs

    tl sckft frla ckdc! tl lw!jerglm kmfrestrujturb

    aust gb sbkzbo sllmbr retcbr tcem `etbr- Ob`eykmd

    ejtklm gy e objeob jlu`o kmjrbesb tcb jlst lf

    aktkdetklm twl tl stvb tkabs-

    Dlkmd Drbbm es em Kmj`uskvb Drlwtc Ztretbdy

    _cb lut`lli flr obvb`lpkmd Eskes jerglm bakssklm

    drlwtc ks sugstemtke` km egsl`utb tbras- Aemy

    kmbfstjkbmjkbs orkvb tloeys ckdc!jerglm kmtbmskty-

    Ckdc!jerglm bmbrdy jlmsuaptklm jlu`o gb jut ?2"

    gy jcemdkmd kfbsty`b jclkjbs emo kaprlvkmd bmbrd

    bfstjkbmjy km fejtlrkbs, guk`okmds, tremsplrtetklm,edrkju`turb, emo b`bjtrkjkty dbmbretklm- Zujc j`kae

    saert obvb`lpabmt kmktketkvbs wlu`o trkddbr

    kmvbstabmts km mbw tbjcml`ldkbs emo jrbetb drbbm

    hlgs- _cbsb drbbm hlgs jlu`o bap`ly es aujc es 5"

    tl 7" lf Eskes wlriflrjb- _cks stdurb jlu`o gb bvbm

    ckdcbr km pllrbr jlumtrkbs gbjeusb lf tcb drbetbr

    mbbo tl kaprlvb tcb bmvkrlmabmt emo eolpt alrb

    sustekmeg`b kmfrestrujturb, es wb`` es tcb drbetbr

    sjlpb flr kmjrbeskmd bap`lyabmt km flrbstry

    emo edrkju`turb-

    Kf jlumtrkbs erb tl ejckbvb aehlr gbmbstts

    frla drbbm hlgs, ejtkvb eglr aeribt pl`kjkbs wk``

    gb rbqukrbo, mlt best tl juscklm tcb pltbmtke`

    kapejt lf drbbm drlwtc pl`kjkbs lm bap`lyabmt

    km ckdc!pl``utkmd emo rbslurjb!kmtbmskvb sbjtlrs-

    Aejrlbjlmlakj pl`kjkbs aust stkau`etb obaemo

    wck`b bmsurkmd tcet obgt!stmemjbo spbmokmd

    supplrts bjlmlakj ejtkvktkbs wktc ckdc sljke`

    rbturms-Kmj`uskvb drlwtc rbaekms tcb flrbalst dle

    flr babrdkmd Eske- Aemy lf tcb drbet gbmbstts lf

    `lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc erb rerb`y quemtkstbo-

    ^rlvkokmd ejjbss tl j`bem bmbrdy wk`` vest`y kaprl

    pblp`bs boujetklm, bap`lyabmt, emo que`kty lf

    `kfbkm pertkju`er, j`bembr, alrb efflroeg`b bmbrdy

    flr jllikmd wk`` rboujb tcb tlk` lf wlabm emo tcb

    obvestetkmd cbe`tc bffbjts lf kmollr ekr pl``utklm

    ealmd tcb 6>> ak``klm pblp`b km obvb`lpkmd Eske

    @lwbr bakssklms frla tremsplrt wk`` kaprlvb ekr

    que`kty emo beo tl cbe`tc gbmbstts km urgem erbes-

    @erdb plpu`etklms km obvb`lpkmd jlumtrkbs obpbmo

    lm j`kaetb!sbmsktkvb sbjtlrs sujc es edrkju`turb,

    flrbstry, emo emkae` cusgemory8 tcb meture`

    rbslurjbs tcet umobrpkm tcbsb, sujc es slk`, wetbr,

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    drezkmd `emo, gklokvbrskty, emo flrbsts, erb sughbjt

    tl obdreoetklm es e rbsu`t lf tcb jcemdkmd j`kaetb

    emo tcbkr bxp`lktetklm flr sclrt!tbra gbmbstts- _cbrb

    erb sbvbre` abesurbs, sujc es lw!tk`` edrkju`turb,

    efflrbstetklm, emo jlaaumkty flrbst aemedbabmt

    tcet skau`temblus`y rboujb obdreoetklm, sustekm tcb

    `kvb`kcllos lf tcb rure` pllr, jut bakssklms,emo kmjrbesb flrbst jerglm stljis-

    Fkmemjkmd frla obvb`lpbo jlumtrkbs wk`` gb

    iby es kt ks e`sl km tcb d`lge` jlaaumktys kmtbrbst

    flr obvb`lpkmd Eske tl jut bakssklms- Frla tcb

    pbrspbjtkvb lf bqukty emo ckstlrkje` rbsplmskgk`kty,

    obvb`lpbo jlumtrkbs sclu`o sclw beobrsckp

    emo scerb rbsplmskgk`kty km st``kmd tcb skdmkstjemt

    stmemjkmd dep- _cks aust gb olmb km eooktklm tl

    lfstjke` obvb`lpabmt esskstemjb, kf drlwtc emo

    obvb`lpabmt erb mlt tl suffbr-

    Bffbjtkvb`y bmdedkmd tcb prkvetb sbjtlr

    ks jrujke` tl st``kmd tcb stmemjkmd dep flr

    aktkdetklm- _cb prkjkmd lf jerglm tcrludc texbs lr

    kap`babmtetklm lf bakssklms treokmd sjcbabs jem

    prlvkob strlmd kmjbmtkvbs tl kaprlvb bfstjkbmjy es

    aeribt pertkjkpemts sbbi tcb `lwbst jlst egetbabmt

    lptklms wcbrbvbr tcby ljjur- Zbttkmd e prkjb lm

    jerglm wk`` e`sl kmubmjb tcb jlmsuaptklm emo

    kmvbstabmt objksklms lf gk``klms lf clusbcl`os emostras tcet erb jlmsuakmd sugskokzbo ckdc!jerglm

    fub`s- Es aemy `lw!jerglm prlhbjts cevb e `lmd

    peygeji tkab, dlvbrmabmts jem p`ey e jete`ytkj rl`b

    gy sbttkmd up dueremtbb abjcemksas, rksi scerkmd

    sjcbabs, emo `lw!jerglm fumos9 emo jcemdkmd

    tex pl`kjkbs emo sugskokbs tl aktkdetb prkvetb

    kmvbstabmt rksis-

    Wbdklme` Jllpbretklm flr Zbkzkmd tcb Lpplrtumktkbs

    Zjkbmtksts erdub tcet ob`eykmd j`kaetb jcemdb

    aktkdetklm gy 5> ybers wlu`o `kib`y aeib kt

    kaplsskg`b tl ibbp d`lge` werakmd frla bxjbbokmd

    7J- _cb jerglm oklxkob bakttbo tloey wk`` rbaekm

    km tcb etalspcbrb flr e jbmtury emo tbapbreturbs

    wk`` jlmtkmub tl rksb flr e fbw jbmturkbs eftbr DCD

    bakssklms km tcb etalspcbrb cevb stegk`kzbo-

    _cbrbflrb, tloeys objksklms wk`` obtbrakmb

    tlalrrlws lptklms- Ejtklm tl `kakt d`lge` wer

    tl 7J gy tcb bmo lf tcks jbmtury wk`` gb fbeskg

    kf e`` jlumtrkbs p`ey tcbkr pert km aktkdetklm-

    _cb kmtbrmetklme` j`kaetb stmemjkmd

    erjcktbjturb jurrbmt`y ob`kvbrs em bstkaetbo/545 gk``klm emmue``y tl prlhbjts km obvb`lpkmd

    jlumtrkbs, frla slurjbs kmj`uokmd obvb`lpabm

    stmemjb kmstktutklms #/4> gk``klm+, prlhbjt obvb`

    #/62 gk``klm+, jlrplretb ejtlrs #/5: gk``klm+, emo

    jlaabrjke` stmemjke` gemis #/57 gk``klm+- _cb p

    sbjtlr scerb lf j`kaetb stmemjb km obvb`lpkmd

    jlumtrkbs ks erlumo 24"- Clwbvbr, kmvbstabmt

    alrb tcem /6 trk``klm wk`` gb mbbobo km tcb rbd

    7>:> km tcb bmbrdy sbjtlr e`lmb- Fk``kmd tcb stme

    dep wk`` rbqukrb e`` tcb tll`s et lur oksplse`,

    spemmkmd bfstjkbmjy dekms, rbflra emo kmtbdre

    lf jerglm aeribts, emo tcb jrbetklm lf kmmlvet

    stmemjkmd kmstruabmts- _cb J`bem Obvb`lpabm

    Abjcemksa #JOA+, ealmd ltcbr jerglm aeri

    abjcemksas, jem gb tbrabo e sujjbss gut kt ks

    stk`` vbry umjbrtekm wcbtcbr kt jem ob`kvbr tcb

    rbqukrbo stmemjke` rbslurjbs tl obvb`lpkmd jlu

    oub tl lvbrsupp`y emo `lw obaemo jeusbo gy

    kmtbrmetklme` emo metklme` pl`kjkbs emo stmemjemo bjlmlakj jrksbs- Es edrbbo et tcb Jlpbmc

    J`kaetb Jcemdb Jlmfbrbmjb km 7>>;, lmd!tbra

    fumokmd tl supplrt j`kaetb ejtklm km obvb`lpkm

    jlumtrkbs sclu`o rbejc /5>> gk``klm emmue``y g

    7>7> tcrludc verklus slurjbs- _cbrbflrb, j`ka

    stmemjb aust gb sje`bo up skdmkstjemt`y tcrlud

    plsskg`b weys emo abems-

    Gut jerglm prkjkmd e`lmb wk`` mlt dbmbr

    tcb mbbobo lws lf tbjcml`ldy ejrlss glrobrs

    Obvb`lpkmd Eske emo ltcbr eovemjbo bjlmlak

    sclu`o wlri tldbtcbr tl bagrejb tcb jce``bmd

    lf okffuskmd `lw!jerglm prloujts, sbrvkjbs, emo

    kmmlvetklms- @kgbre`kzetklm lf treob emo rboujb

    terkff retbs flr lw!jerglm drbbm prloujts emo

    sbrvkjbs wlu`o ejjb`bretb tbjcml`ldy tremsfbr

    Bxbjutkvb Zuaaery

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    emo obvb`lpkmd Eske wlu`o gbmbstt tll frla tcb

    imlw`bodb jrbetbo gy bakssklms rboujtklm ejtkvktkbs

    km eovemjbo bjlmlakbs sujc es Hepem, tcb Wbpug`kj

    lf Ilrbe, emo Zkmdeplrb-

    Jllpbretkvb ejtklm km tcks rbdklm wlu`o

    gb km tcb pl`ktkje` kmtbrbst lf e`` dlvbrmabmts flr

    tcb fl``lwkmd tcrbb rbeslms- Fkrst, e alrb okrbjt,rbdklm!wkob pusc lm bmbrdy bfstjkbmjy, tbjcml`ldy,

    kmvbstabmt, emo obflrbstetklm ks bssbmtke` tl eoo

    jrbokgk`kty tl tcb vl`umtery p`bodbs emo metklme`

    terdbts wktclut `lskmd bjlmlakj jlapbtkvbmbss-

    Zbjlmo, dkvbm tcb sje`b lf kmvbstabmt rbqukrbo

    emo tcb obtbrklretklm lf pug`kj stmemjbs km

    aemy jlumtrkbs, jllpbretklm, jlmsu`tetklm, emo

    jllrokmetklm ealmd dlvbrmabmts km tcks rbdklm

    jem `bvbredb prkvetb sbjtlr jepkte`- _ckro, gbjeusb kt

    wk`` teib tkab tl edrbb lm tcb obtek`s tl kap`babmt

    e d`lge` j`kaetb obe`, kt ks kaplrtemt tl eovemjb

    wktc jlmjrbtb ejtklms tl prlvkob tcb kmtbrmetklme`

    jlaaumkty wktc bxpbrkbmjb emo bsslms flr

    kmjrbesbo stmemjke` emo tbjcmkje` esskstemjb tl

    obvb`lpkmd Eske-

    Obvb`lpkmd Eske ks bxpbjtbo tl gb et tcb

    jbmtbr lf tcb d`lge` edbmoe lm lw!jerglm drbbm

    drlwtc- Eske ces aujc et steib km tcb stdct edekmst

    j`kaetb jcemdb es tcb rbdklm ks tcb wlr`os alstplpu`lus emo ces ceo ckdc bjlmlakj drlwtc

    wktc e rkskmd scerb lf d`lge` DCD bakssklms, emo

    Eskes sugrbdklm erb ealmd tcb alst vu`mbreg`b

    tl `llakmd j`kaetb rksis- Mlwcbrb erb prloujtklm,

    rbslurjb jlmsuaptklm, emo bakssklms drlwkmd

    festbr tcem km obvb`lpkmd Eske-

    Ejtklm lm tcb fl``lwkmd 5> iby kssubs

    ks jrujke` tl ejckbvkmd lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc

    km Eske-

    Wbdklme` @bvb` Ejtklms flr Ejjb`bretkmd

    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc km Eske

    Wbdklme` Jerglm Aeribt

    ^rlaltb tcb kmiedb lf metklme` jerglm treob

    sjcbabs, wckjc wk`` rbqukrb tcb jrbetklm lf e

    rbdklme` pug`kjprkvetb pl`kjy oke`ldub emofreabwlri tl prbperb tcb drlumo flr tcb kmied

    lf jerglm treob sjcbabs kmj`uokmd tremsperbmt

    edrbbabmts emo ru`bs #flr kmstemjb, AWV

    systbas+ emo kmstktutklme` erremdbabmts-

    Bmjluredb kmvbstabmt km jrlss!glrobr `lw!jerg

    bmbrdy kmfrestrujturb emo tremsplrt prlhbjts

    Wbdklme` Bmbrdy ^ertmbrsckp

    ^rlaltb e rbdklme` pertmbrsckp lm rbmbweg`b

    bmbrdy, sbttkmd metklme` rbmbweg`b bmbrdy

    terdbts emo fevlreg`b fbbo!km terkffs #FK_s+ emo

    rbmbweg`b plrtfl`kl stemoeros #W^Zs+-

    ^rlaltb tcb pertmbrsckp tl wlri tlwero e sbt

    lf epp`kjeg`b metklme` bfstjkbmjy stemoeros

    obvb`lpbo emo epp`kbo tl e kaktbo gut jrktkje`

    remdb lf bmbrdy!kmtbmskvb kmoustrke` emo

    jlmsuabr dllos, emo guk`okmds- Dlvbrmabmts

    aey e`sl obvb`lp bmbrdy bfstjkbmjy egb`kmd flr

    b`bjtrkje` epp`kemjbs, jlmsuabr prloujts, emokmoustrke` aemufejturkmd prljbssbs, guk`okmd lm

    wlri umobr wey ejjlrokmd tl e autue``y edrbbo

    tkabteg`b-

    ^rkvetb Zbjtlr ertkjkpetklm

    Kap`babmt em bffbjtkvb jepejkty obvb`lpabmt

    prldrea et rbdklme` lr sugrbdklme` `bvb` tl cb`p

    jrbetb em bmeg`kmd pl`kjy emo bde` bmvkrlmabm

    tl ettrejt prkvetb sbjtlr pertkjkpetklm

    Kmtbrmetklme` obvb`lpabmt kmstktutklms, metklm

    dlvbrmabmts, emo stmemjke` kmstktutklms sclu`o

    usb rksi!aktkdetkmd prloujts #b-d-, pl`ktkje` rksi

    dueremtbbs, jrbokt rksi dueremtbbs+ tl bmjlured

    prkvetb sbjtlr kmvbstabmt km `lw!jerglm

    kmfrestrujturb obvb`lpabmt-

    Bxbjutkvb Zuaaxvk

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    ^rlaltb e rbdklme` pug`kjprkvetb plrtfl`kl

    lf sbvbre` erdb!sje`b kmtbdretbo saert jkty

    emo saert drko obalmstretklm prlhbjts ejrlss

    okffbrbmt rbdu`etlry rbdkabs-

    _bjcml`ldy _remsfbr

    Bsteg`ksc e mbtwlri lf rbdklme` lw!jerglmkmmlvetklm jbmtbrs alob`bo lm tcb Jlmsu`tetkvb

    Drlup lm Kmtbrmetklme` Edrkju`ture` Wbsberjc, tl

    cb`p obvb`lpkmd jlumtrkbs ejjb`bretb tcb upteib

    lf `lw!jerglm tbjcml`ldy- Wbdklme` obvb`lpabmt

    kmstktutklms sujc es EOG aey p`ey e `beokmd

    rl`b km prlaltkmd j`kaetb tbjcml`ldy tremsfbr

    emo okffusklm, cb`pkmd jlumtrkbs berm frla bejc

    ltcbr-

    Flrdb e frbb!treob edrbbabmt wktckm Eske flr

    ckdc!kapejt drbbm emo `lw!jerglm tbjcml`ldkbsemo sbrvkjbs-

    Fkmemjb

    Bmjluredb tcb pceskmd lut lf pbrveskvb flssk`

    fub` sugskokbs, uskmd e rbdklme``y jllrokmetbo

    epprlejc- _cks sclu`o gb olmb es e prb`uob

    tl kmtrloujkmd stsje` rbflras tcet bmjlapess

    e remdb lf prkjkmd emo texetklm kmstruabmts,

    kmj`uokmd texbs lm flssk` fub`s emo ltcbr rbslurjbs- Zbt up e rbdklme` p`etflra tl bmjluredb WBOO)

    #rboujbo bakssklms frla obflrbstetklm emo

    obdreoetklm+ prlhbjts- _cks p`etflra sclu`o gb

    clstbo gy iby flrbst metklms lf tcb rbdklm emo

    kmvl`vb tcb kmtbrmetklme` jlaaumkty, rbdklme`

    stmemjke` kmstktutklms, jkvk` sljkbty, emo tcb

    prkvetb sbjtlr-

    Abesurkmd Aktkdetklm Bfflrts gy Eske

    _cks glli rbvkbws drbbmclusb des #DCD+ bakssklms km

    juau`etkvb emo egsl`utb tbras, emo tcb vl`umtery terdb

    emo bfflrts teibm gy tcb babrdkmd bjlmlakbs lf Eske tl

    teji`b j`kaetb jcemdb- _cks stuoy rbjldmkzbs tcet lw!

    jerglm drbbm drlwtc ks em kapbretkvb, mlt em lptklm flr tcb wlr`os alst plpu`lus emo repko`y drlwkmd rbdklm- _

    tcblrbtkje` espbjts lf lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc emo tcb

    lf eoeptkmd tl j`kaetb jcemdb erb mlt tcb fljus lf tcb s

    Jepturkmd Eskem ^brspbjtkvbs

    Babrdkmd Eske ks okffbrbmt frla tcb obvb`lpbo eovemjb

    bjlmlakbs es kt ks bxpbrkbmjkmd repko drlwtc retbs tcet

    tl gb objlup`bo frla bmbrdy usb emo bakssklms, rbepkm

    jl!gbmbstts km erbes sujc es cbe`tc- _cbsb jlumtrkbs ce

    lm`y rbjbmt`y wktmbssbo em kmjrbesb km aemufejturkmd e

    tcbkr pbr jepkte bvb`s lf aetbrke` jlmsuaptklm rbaekm

    Eske ks okvbrsb, wktc e erdb emo drlwkmd plpu`etklm tcetces dkvbm wey tl jlmsuaptklm!lrkbmtbo emo mbw kfbsty

    bmvkrlmabmte` obdreoetklm, emo obj`kmkmd flrbst jlvbr-

    Clwbvbr, sljke` kmj`usklm ks tcb tlp prklrkty flr babrdkmd

    _cks glli jepturbs tcb Eskem pbrspbjtkvbs lm tcb treob

    bqukty kssubs, emo kmtbrobpbmobmjb km wlrikmd tldbtcb

    ^l`kjy Wb`bvemjb

    _cks stuoy suddbsts ejtklmeg`b, sl`utklm!lrkbmtbo pl`kj

    rbjlaabmoetklms km tcb abokua emo lmd tbra tl abb

    metklme` emo sbjtlre` terdbts, emo e stretbdkj freabwlr

    tl kap`babmt lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc pl`kjkbs emo rbe

    gbmbstts frla rbdklme` jllpbretklm emo wlrikmd jl``bjt

    ^ertkjkpetlry

    _cks stuoy wes olmb km jllpbretklm wktc 7: tckmi temis

    wktc rbsberjcbrs frla tclsb kmstktutbs jlmtrkgutkmd tcb

    gejidrlumo pepbrs emo jceptbrs- Kmputs frla pl`kjy

    aeibrs, prkvetb sbjtlr rbprbsbmtetkvbs, emo kmtbrmetklm

    lrdemkzetklms wbrb rbjbkvbo et e tbjcmkje` wlrisclp em

    steibcl`obr abbtkmds emo pl`kjy oke`ldubs cb`o km _liy

    Gbkhkmd, Mbw Ob`ck, Heierte, Zblu`, emo Aemk`e-

    Eoobo Ve`ub

    _cks glli ks guk`t lm tcb lmdlkmd prlhbjts lf EOG emo EOemo tcb imlw`bodb tcet bxksts km rbdklme` tckmis temis-

    _cks stuoy sbrvbo es e imlw`bodb!scerkmd p`etflra flr

    lmdlkmd wlris emo tl fejk`ktetb jlumtrkbs lw!jerglm

    drbbm drlwtc pl`kjkbs emo kap`babmtetklm-

    Tcet tcb Glli ks Eglut

    Bxbjutkvb Zuaaery

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    Tcet erb tcb sujjbssfu` tremsflraetklm stretbdkbs, pl`kjkbs,emo prejtkjbs

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    ^uttkmd Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt emoJ`kaetb Jcemdb l`kjkbs kmtl ^rejtkjb

    Jceptbr5

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    Jceptbr 5

    ^uttkmd Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt emo

    J`kaetb Jcemdb ^l`kjkbs km ^rejtkjb

    5-5 Kmtrloujtklm :

    5-7 _cb Jlmjbpt emo Kapbretkvbmbss lf 2

    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc

    5-7-5 J`kaetb Jcemdb, Obvb`lpabmt, 2

    emo lvbrty Wboujtklm

    5-7-7 D`lge` Ejtklms flr Aktkdetkmd J`kaetb Jcemdb 3

    5-7-: Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt Ok`baaes lf 57

    Babrdkmd Eske

    5-7-? Obstmkmd @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc 5?

    5-: Kapejts emo Jl!gbmbstts lf 52

    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc

    5-:-5 Bmvkrlmabmte` Jl!Gbmbstts 52

    5-:-7 Bjlmlakj Jl!Gbmbstts 56

    5-:-: Zljke` Jl!Gbmbstts 54

    5-? Aejrlbjlmlakj Okabmsklms emo tcb 54

    Fbeskgk`kty lf @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc

    5-?-5 @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc es e ^rljbss 53lf Ztrujture` Jcemdb

    5-?-7 Ztretbdkbs emo _bjcml ldkbs flr Ztegk`kzkmd 5;

    Drbbmclusb Des Bakssklms

    5-?-: _reob emo Kmvbstabmt Jllpbretklm flr 7:

    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc

    5-?-? Jrktkje` Wl`b lf ^rkvetb!^ug`kj ^ertmbrsckps km 72

    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc

    5-2 Abesurkmd Eskes rldrbss km _eji`kmd J`kaetb 7;

    Jcemdb emo Ejjb`bretkmd Drbbm Drlwtc

    5-2-5 Lvbrvkbw lf tcks Glli 7;

    5-2-7 Eskes Bffbjts tlwero @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc :5

    5-6 Jce``bmdbs lf @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc :?km tcb Jlmtbxt lf Zljke` Kmj`usklm emo

    Wbdklme` Jllpbretklm

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    ^uttkmd Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt emo J`kaetb Jcemdb l`kjkbs kmtl rejtkjb

    _cb pursukt lf bjlmlakj drlwtc ces gbbm tcb

    skmd`b alst kaplrtemt pl`kjy dle` lf babrdkmd

    Eskem jlumtrkbs km tcb rbjbmt pest- Eskes bjlmlakj

    lutput surdbo tbmfl`o gbtwbbm 5;3> emo 7>>;-

    Tktc em emmue` evbredb drlss olabstkj prloujt

    #DO^+ drlwtc retb lf alrb tcem 4" skmjb 7>>> tcb

    wlr`o scerb lf obvb`lpkmd Eskes treob olug`bo frla

    5:" km 5;;> tl 76" km 7>>3 #Rmktbo Metklms YRMQ

    7>>;+- Km 7>5>, tcb Eskem scerb lf d`lge` lutput wes73", edekmst `bss tcem 57" km 5;;>- Kf kt jlmtkmubs

    tl fl``lw tcb rbjbmt trehbjtlry, tcb Eskem DO^ pbr

    jepkte kmjlab km purjceskmd plwbr perkty tbras lf

    /6,4>> km 7>5> wk`` rksb skdmkstjemt y tl /?>,3>> km

    7>2> #Ilc`k, Zcerae, emo Zllo 7>55+- Alrb jlumtrkbs

    erb llikmd flr stretbdkbs tl rbejc tcb stetus lf

    obvb`lpbo bjlmlakbs, tl fejk`ktetb tcb jcemdbs km

    pettbrms lf drlwtc, prloujtklm, emo jlmsuaptklm

    tcet cevb ckstlrkje``y teibm p`ejb es kmjlab `bvb`scevb jcemdbo-

    _cb bxtrelrokmery reapkmd up lf bjlmlakj

    ejtkvktkbs skmjb tcb 5;4>s ces ml ckstlrkje` prbjbobmt-

    Mbvbrtcb`bss, tcks fest!pejbo bjlmlakj drlwtc ces

    gbbm ejjlapemkbo gy ckdc retbs lf aetbrke` emo

    bmbrdy jlmsuaptklm- Wbslurjb bxtrejtklmY5Q

    flr bjlmlakj usb kmjrbesbo frla ; gk``klm tlms

    km 5;32 tl 5: gk``klm tlms lf rbslurjbs km 5;;2, emo

    rbejcbo e`alst 53 gk``klm tlms km 7>>2 #Dk`hua bt

    e`- 7>5>+- _cb drlwtc lf rbslurjb bxtrejtklm km Eske

    ces gbbm aujc festbr tcem tcb d`lge` evbredb-

    _cb scerb lf tcb babrdkmd Eskem jlumtrkbs

    kmj`uokmd tcb blp`bs Wbpug`kj lf Jckme #^WJ+,

    Kmoke, emo tcb Essljketklm lf Zlutcbest Eskem

    Metklms #EZBEM+km d`lge` rbslurjb bxtrejtklm

    kmjrbesbo mlteg`y, frla 77" km 5;32 tl :5" km

    7>>2- _cb jlaplsktklm lf bxtrejtbo rbslurjbs

    e`sl jcemdbo jlmskobreg`y lvbr tcks pbrklo- Tc

    km 5;32, rbmbweg`b rbslurjbs sujc es gklaess

    ejjlumtbo flr e`alst ce`f lf e`` bxtrejtklm, tck

    scerb okakmkscbo tl :6" km 7>>2, es bxtrejtklm

    lf mlmrbmbweg`b rbslurjbs kmjrbesbo et e aujckdcbr pejb- _cks drlwkmd scerb lf mlmrbmbwe

    rbslurjbs ks lmb jcerejtbrkstkj lf tcb lmdlkmd

    prljbss lf kmoustrke`kzetklm, wckjc ces ejjb`br

    skdmkstjemt y km aemy Eskem jlumtrkbs skmjb tc

    gbdkmmkmd lf tcb 5;;>s #Tbksz bt e`- 7>>6+- _cb

    rbdklm jlmsuabo 7>" lf wlr`o bmbrdy km 7>>

    gut tcb scerb rlsb tl eglut 74" gy 7>>4 #Eskem

    Obvb`lpabmt Gemi YEOGQ 7>55+- _cks plsbs e

    sbrklus jce``bmdb tl tcb sustekmegk`kty lf drlw

    jlmskobrkmd tcb stmktb rbslurjb gesb, tcb kapej`kaetb jcemdb, emo tcb fredk`b bjl`ldy lm wc

    babrdkmd Eske obpbmos flr bjlmlakj bxpemsk

    Tktckm tcb jlmtbxt lf ettekmkmd sustekmeg`b

    obvb`lpabmt, meture` rbslurjbs emo bjlsystba

    sbrvkjbs prlvkobo gy tcb bmvkrlmabmt erb bssb

    tl supplrt bjlmlakj drlwtc, sljke` wb``!gbkmd

    cuaem obvb`lpabmt-

    _l sustekm tcbsb drlwtc retbs, emo ejckb

    tcb Eskem Jbmtury gy 7>2>,Y7Q

    obvb`lpkmd Eske ctl obe` wktc sbrklus jce``bmdbs, sujc es erdb!s

    plvbrty breokjetklm emo rboujkmd sljklbjlmla

    kmbque`kty- Ourkmd tcb `est objeobs lf obvb`lpa

    skmjb 5;;7, kmjlab kmbque`ktkbs es rbvbe`bo gy

    Dkmk jlbfstjkbmt cevb gbbm kmjrbeskmd- Km Eske,

    tcem 2>" lf tcb plpu`etklm `kvbs lm `bss tcem /

    e oey, emo ces kaktbo ejjbss tl geskj sbrvkjbs-

    5-5Kmtrloujtklm

    5 Km dbmbre`, flur aehlr typbs lf rbslurjbs erb jlmskobrbo8 #k+ edrkju`turb, flr

    stscbry, emo gklaess prloujts #kmj`uokmd tbxtk`bs emo wllo prloujts sujc e

    #kk+ flssk` bmbrdy jerrkbrs #jle`, lk`, des, pbet+ usbo flr bmbrdbtkj emo mlm!bmb

    purplsbs #kmj`uokmd jcbakje`s gesbo lm flssk` aetbrke`s+9 #kkk+ akmbre`s #kmo

    emo jlmstrujtklm akmbre`s+ emo akmbre` prloujts #sujc es d`ess lr meture`

    emo #kv+ abte` lrbs emo abte` prloujts #kmj`uokmd, flr bxeap`b, aejckmbry

    7 _cb Eskem Jbmtury sjbmerkl bxtbmos Eskes pest sujjbss kmtl tcb futurb, pu

    lm tcb jusp lf e ckstlrkj tremsflraetklm- Km tcks sjbmerkl, Eskes DO^ kmjrbe

    /54 trk``klm lm 7>5> tl /54? trk``klm km 7>2>, lr ce`f lf d`lge` DO^, skak`er tl s

    d`lge` plpu`etklm- Kt wlu`o cevb ml pllr jlumtrkbs #tclsb wktc evbredb pbr

    DO^ lf `bss tcem /5,>>>+, jlaperbo wktc bkdct km 7>57-

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    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc km E?

    Fkdurb 5-5

    Bmbrdy emo Cuaem Obvb`lpabmt

    Zlurjbs8 Tlr`o Obvb`lpabmt Kmokjetlrs #7>55+-cttp8oete-wlr`ogemi-lrdoete!jete`ldwlr`o!obvb`lpabmt!kmokjetlrs#ejjbssbo Objbagbr 7>57+- Cuaem Obvb`lpabmt Wbplrt #7>55+-cttp8cor-umop-lrdbmstetkstkjs #ejjbssbo Objbagbr 7>57+-

    >-;

    >-3

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    >-2

    Mbpe`

    Gemd`eobsc

    ^ck`kppkmbs

    ^eikstem

    Kmoke

    VkbtMea

    Kmolmbske

    Almdl`ke

    _cek`emo

    ^WJ

    Zkmdeplrb

    Ae`eyske

    Hepem

    Wbpug`kjlfIlrbe

    Eustre`ke

    5->

    >-?

    7?

    7>

    56

    57

    3

    ?

    CuaemObvb`lpabmtKmobx

    Ger8 COK km 7>>3@kmb8 Bmbrdy usb #id lf lk` bqukve`bmt pbr jepkte+

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    ^uttkmd Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt emo J`kaetb Jcemdb l`kjkbs kmtl rejtkjb

    5-7-5

    J`kaetb Jcemdb, Obvb`lpabmt,

    emo lvbrty Wboujtklm

    J`kaetb jcemdb bpktlakzbs tcb obvb`lpabmte

    jce``bmdbs km e stk`` ckdc`y umbque` gut kmjrbe

    d`lge`kzbo wlr`o- _cb bvkobmjb flr j`kaetb jce

    ks lvbrwcb`akmd emo ces gbbm jlmstrabo gy

    sujjbsskvb kmtbrmetklme` stuokbs #EOG 7>>;e9 Z

    7>>49 RMFJJJ 7>>4+- _cby kmokjetb werakmd l7J wlu`o beo tl akmkae` lssbs km ckdc!kmjl

    jlumtrkbs emo e d`lge` DO^ lss lf eglut 5"

    #Ztbrm 7>>4+, gut jlu`o rbsu`t km e 6" pbraemb

    rboujtklm km emmue` pbr!jepkte kmjlab km Eske

    #EOG 7>>;+- _cb `lssbs wlu`o gb prkaerk`y orkv

    gy kmjrbesbo verkegk`kty emo alrb frbqubmt em

    kmtbmsb bxtrbab wbetcbr bvbmts #RMFJJ 7>>4

    _cb pllr plpu`etklms lf babrdkmd Eske erb `ki

    tl suffbr oksprlplrtklmetb`y- Alst lf tcb weratrbmo lgsbrvbo skmjb kmoustrke`kzetklm ks oub tl

    kmjrbesbs km emtcrlpldbmkj drbbmclusb des #D

    bakssklms, pertkju`er`y jerglm oklxkob #JL7+, je

    gy ejtkvktkbs sujc es flssk` fub` gurmkmd emo `em

    usb jcemdbs- _cb Kmtbrdlvbrmabmte` emb` lm

    J`kaetb Jcemdb #K^JJ+ km kts Fkrst Essbssabmt

    stetbo tcb mbbo tl rboujb jurrbmt DCD baksskl

    gy 6>"3>" kf jlmjbmtretklms erb tl gb ibpt e

    tcb 5;;> bvb` #K^JJ 5;;>+- _cb alst rbjbmt Flu

    Essbssabmt Wbplrt lf tcb K^JJ flumo strlmdbr

    gbtwbbm cuaem!kmoujbo bakssklms emo kmjrb

    d`lge` evbredb tbapbreturbs emo j`kaetb jcem

    #K^JJ 5;;29 7>>>e9 7>>4e+-

    5-7_cb Jlmjbpt emo Kapbretkvbmbsslf @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc

    Jurrbmt`y, 62> ak``klm pblp`b ejrlss Eske erb

    jlmsbrvetkvb`y bstkaetbo tl gb wktclut ejjbss

    tl b`bjtrkjkty- _cb muagbr lf pblp`b umeg`b tl

    jlli wktc alobrm fub`s emo `ejikmd akmkaua

    `kdctkmd tl rbeo lr jerry lut ltcbr clusbcl`o

    ejtkvktkbs wk`` drlw es tcb plpu`etklm kmjrbesbs-

    Verketklms km alobrm bmbrdy jlmsuaptklm ejrlssjlumtrkbs bxp`ekm tcb wkob okffbrbmjbs km cuaem

    obvb`lpabmt ealmd obvb`lpkmd emo obvb`lpbo

    jlumtrkbs #Fkdurb 5-5+- Zkak`er`y, oksperktkbs km

    bjlmlakj jepejktkbs emo meture` es wb`` es sljke`

    jepkte` cevb jrbetbo okffbrbmt `bvb`s lf obvb`lpabmt

    km Eskem jlumtrkbs-

    Obspktb e`` tcb pest ejckbvbabmts emo pbrklos

    lf sclrt!tbra prlspbrkty, bjlmlaksts wktckm emo

    lutskob lf tcb rbdklm edrbb tcet km tcb lmd rum, tcks

    typb lf obvb`lpabmt, wktclut oub rbdero tl sljke`kmj`uskvbmbss emo bmvkrlmabmte` prltbjtklm, ks mlt

    sustekmeg`b #Iewek emo @bb 7>5>9 Ztkd`ktz 7>559 Ze`ka

    7>559 Zejcs emo Zlabscwer 7>57+- Alst oksturgkmd

    ks tcb fejt tcet pest obvb`lpabmt alob`s cevb

    oksruptbo tcb bquk`kgrkua lf bjl`ldkje` systbas tl

    tcb bxtbmt tcet gkl`ldkje` okvbrskty ces gbbm brlobo,

    meturbs `kfb supplrt systbas cevb gbbm eovbrsb`y

    effbjtbo, emo j`kaetb jcemdb

    ks kmjrbeskmd-

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    6

    Es e rbsu`t, tcb wlr`os abem tbapbreturb g

    75>> jlu`o kmjrbesb frla :->J tl ?-3J eglvb 5;3>

    7>>> bvb`s umobr e ckdc bakssklms sjbmerkl #EOG

    7>>;e+- Lm tcb gesks lf jlaprbcbmskvb alob`kmd,

    emo es pug`kscbo km tcb sjkbmtkstj ktbreturb, slab

    sjbmerkls bstkaetb d`lge` evbredb tbapbreturb

    kmjrbesbs lf up tl 6-?J gy tcb bmo lf tcks jbmtury-Mbt bjlmlakj lssbs jlu`o rbsu`t km aemy jlumtrkb

    et e`` aedmktuobs lf werakmd #K^JJ 7>>4+- _cb

    pllr km obvb`lpkmd jlumtrkbs, bspbjke``y km Zlutc

    emo Zlutcbest Eske, erb bstkaetbo tl gb tclsb als

    vu`mbreg`b tl tcb jcemdbs emo tcbkr essljketbo

    kapejts-

    _cb Ztbrm Wbvkbw #7>>4+ jlmstrabo tcet mlt

    lm`y ks tcb jlst lf teikmd ejtklm mlw fer sae``br

    tcem tcb jlst lf kmejtklm, gut tcet bvbm wcbm tcb

    alst eddrbsskvb ejtklm tl eoorbss j`kaetb jcemdb

    ks teibm, kt wlu`o cevb em e`alst kapbrjbptkg`b

    kapejt lm tcb 52>" drlwtc km tcb d`lge` bjlmlay

    prbokjtbo gy 7>2>- Gurmkmd flssk` fub`s ks tcb aekmslurjb lf DCD bakssklms- Aemy Eskem jlumtrkbs erb

    rb`kemt lm skdmkstjemt kaplrts lf flssk` fub`s tl abbt

    tcbkr bmbrdy mbbos- E obpbmobmjy lm kaplrts flr

    bmbrdy rbslurjbs abems bmbrdy supp`kbs emo prkjbs

    erb vu`mbreg`b tl umjlmtrl``eg`b bvbmts lr pl`ktkje`

    obvb`lpabmts km tcb bxplrtkmd jlumtrkbs-

    Eoorbsskmd j`kaetb jcemdb, sljke` kmbque`kty,

    tcb obp`btklm lf rbslurjbs, emo bmbrdy sbjurkty

    wk`` gb e jbmtre` obvb`lpabmt jce``bmdb flr

    babrdkmd Eske- _cb qubstklm erksbs tl wcet bxtbmtj`kaetb pl`kjkbs jem cb`p e`tbr bmbrdy emo rbslurjb

    jlmsuaptklm emo kmjrbesb rbslurjb prloujtkvkty

    km ltcbr wlros, tl wcet bxtbmt jem babrdkmd Eskes

    j`kaetb pl`kjkbs jlmtrkgutb tl tcb ejckbvbabmt

    lf au`tkp`b obvb`lpabmt jl!gbmbstts-Y:Q Fkdurb 5-7

    jlrrb`etbs aetbrke` jlmsuaptklm emo bmbrdy!rb`etbo

    JL7 bakssklms km 5? Eskem jlumtrkbs flr 7>>;- _cb

    trbmo kmb k``ustretbs e ckdc jlrrb`etklm gbtwbbm

    tcbsb kmokjetlrs, kap`ykmd tcet jlumtrkbs wktcckdc egsl`utb bvb`s lf rbslurjb jlmsuaptklm emo

    bjlmlakj drlwtc erb e`sl tclsb wktc ckdc

    JL7 bakssklms-

    Ejjlrokmd tl prlhbjtklms lf d`lge` DCD

    bakssklms km stemoero rbfbrbmjb sjbmerkls,

    jlmtkmubo guskmbss!es!usue` obvb`lpabmt lf tcb

    d`lge` bjlmlay, orkvbm gy em babrdkmd Eske emo

    e wlr`o plpu`etklm tcet km 7>57 ces rbejcbo

    4 gk``klm, wk`` beo tl e prlgeg`b olug`kmd lf d`lge`

    bakssklms gy 7>:> #K^JJ 7>>4+, alst lf wckjc

    wk`` gb bakttbo gy Eskem obvb`lpkmd jlumtrkbs

    #EOG 7>>;g+- Es DCDs jlmtkmub tl ejjuau`etb km

    tcb etalspcbrb, JL7 etalspcbrkj jlmjbmtretklm

    jlu`o rbejc 2>> perts pbr ak``klm #ppa+-

    : _cb jl!gbmbstts epprlejc tl j`kaetb jcemdb abems kmtbdretbo bfflrts tl eoorbssj`kaetb jcemdb jlmjbrms, wck`b abbtkmd obvb`lpabmt mbbos km obvb`lpkmd jlumt

    _cb jl!gbmbstts epprlejc cb`ps obvb`lpkmd jlumtrkbs kmjrbesb tcbkr lwmbrsckp w

    bmdedkmd km bfflrts tl eoorbss j `kaetb jcemdb, gy kmtrloujkmd abesurbs tl ejckbv

    temdkg`b obvb`lpabmt gbmbstts- Kt ks e`sl jlmskobrbo tl gb e prejtkje` epprlejc flr

    obvb`lpbo jlumtrkbs tl jllpbretb wktc obvb`lpkmd jlumtrkbs, wcbrb bjlmlakj em

    sljke` obvb`lpabmt ks e prklrkty et tcb metklme` emo lje` bvb`s-_cbrb erb e`sl lj e

    ekr pl``utklm gbmbstts frla pursukmd drbbmc lusb desbs bakssklms aktkdetklm pl`kj

    wckjc lwbr tcb mbt jlsts lf bakssklm rboujtklms emo tcbrbgy aey strbmdtcbm tc

    kmjbmtkvbs tl pertkjkpetb km e d`lge` j`kaetb jcemdb aktkdetklm edrbbabmt-

    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc km E

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    Zlurjb8 Tlr`o Wbslurjb Kmstktutb J`kaetb Eme`ysks Kmokjetlrs _ll` #JEK_+Vbrsklm ;-> gy tcb Tlr`o Wbslurjb Kmstktutb #7>57+ emo Zustekmeg`bBurlpb Wbsberjc-

    Fkdurb 5-7

    JL7 Bakssklm emo Wbslurjb Jlmsuaptklm km Eske, 7>>;

    6,>>>

    4,>>>

    3,>>>

    2,>>>

    ?,>>>

    :,>>>

    7,>>>

    5,>>>

    >

    56,>>>57,>>>3,>>>?,>>> 53,>>>5?,>>>5>,>>>6,>>>7,>>>

    ^W

    KML

    ^CK

    ILW

    ZKMJL7bakssklms

    #AtlfJL7bqukve`bmt+

    Olabstkj Aetbrke` Jlmsuaptklm #At+

    Mltbs8L KMO8 KmokeL KML8 KmolmbskeL H^M8 HepemL ILW8 Wbpug`kj lf IlrbeL ^CK8 ^ck`kppkmbsL ^WJ8 ^blp`bs Wbpug`kj lf JckmeL ZKM8 ZkmdeplrbL _CE8 _cek`emoL VKB8 Vkbt Mea

    ^uttkmd Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt emo J`kaetb Jcemdb l`kjkbs kmtl rejtkjb

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    3

    J`kaetb jcemdb ks kobmtkstbo es e sbrklus jce``bmdb

    flr plvbrty rboujtklm bfflrts km obvb`lpkmd

    jlumtrkbs, pertkju`er`y gbjeusb tcbsb jlumtrkbs

    cevb kaktbo jepejkty tl jlpb wktc jurrbmt j`kaetb

    verkegk`kty emo bxtrbabs, mlt tl abmtklm futurb

    j`kaetb jcemdb #Fkdurb 5-:+- Kmobbo, plvbrty emobmvkrlmabmte` mbbos bxejbrgetb tcb eovbrsb

    jlmsbqubmjbs lf j`kaetb jcemdb- _cbrbflrb, tcb

    obvb`lpabmt emo j`kaetb jcemdb jlaaumktkbs

    jem grkmd tcbkr pbrspbjtkvbs tldbtcbr flr

    bmvkrlmabmte``y sustekmeg`b emo sljke``y kmj`uskvb

    bjlmlakj drlwtc emo `lw!jerglm, j`kaetb!rbsk`kbmt

    obvb`lpabmt tcrludc kmtbdretbo epprlejcbs

    #K^JJ 7>>4+- Eddrbdetb emmue` lssbs flr Eske

    wlu`o gb 7-6"3-5" lf DO^ km 75>> #EOG 7>>;e+-

    Et tcb seab tkab, obvb`lpabmt wk`` beo tl

    bakssklms lf DCDs tcet wk`` bvbmtue``y

    jlmtrkgutb tl j`kaetb jcemdb-

    Fkdurb 5-:

    J`kaetb Jcemdb, lvbrty, emo Obvb`lpabmt Mbxus

    J`kaetbJcemdb

    Kapejts

    DCDBakssklms

    ^lvbrty Obvb`lpabmt

    EoeptkvbJepejkty

    Zlurjb8 Ieabyeae bt e` - #7>>3+-

    5-7-7

    D`lge` Ejtklms flr Aktkdetkmd J`kaetb Jcemdb

    _cb mbw umobrstemokmd lf tcb kmi gbtwbbm

    cuaem!kmoujbo bakssklms lf DCDs emo j`kaetb

    jcemdb spurrbo tcb edrbbabmt je``bo tcb Rmktbo

    Metklms Freabwlri Jlmvbmtklm lm J`kaetb Jcemd#RMFJJJ+ km 5;;7, fl``lwbo gy tcb eolptklm lf tcb

    Iyltl rltljl` et tcb _ckro Jlmfbrbmjb lf tcb ertk

    tl tcb _rbety #JL^ :+ km 5;;4- _cb Iyltl ^rltljl`,

    wckjc bmtbrbo kmtl flrjb km 7>>2, dlvbrms tcb

    quemtktetkvb bakssklm rboujtklm jlaaktabmts lf

    kmoustrke`kzbo jlumtrkbs tcet gbjeab skdmetlrkbs t

    tcb prltljl`- Tck`b tcb K^JJ rbplrts kap`y e mbbo

    flr JL7 rboujtklms lf 6>"3>" frla obvb`lpbo

    jlumtrkbs gy 7>2> #K^JJ 7>>4+, tcb Iyltl rltljl`

    rbqukrbo lm`y e rboujtklm lf 2-7" lm evbredb frla

    5;;> bvb`s flr tcb 7>>37>57 pbrklo- Obvb`lpkmd

    jlumtrkbs, gbjeusb lf tcbkr obvb`lpabmte` mbbos,

    erb mlt rbqukrbo tl jlaakt tl quemtktetkvb baksskl

    rboujtklm lghbjtkvbs umtk` 7>57 umobr tcb prltljl`-

    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc km E

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    Clwbvbr, tl gb alrb bffbjtkvb, futurb aktkdetklm

    bfflrts wlu`o mbbo tl ejckbvb obbpbr rboujtklms

    jlvbrkmd e ckdcbr scerb lf d`lge` bakssklms, wckjc

    wk`` gbjlab alrb okfstju`t wktc tkab-

    Kf mltckmd ks olmb, d`lge` bakssklms wk``

    jlmtkmub tl kmjrbesb es e rbsu`t lf obaldrepckj

    jcemdb, sljke` emo bjlmlakj obvb`lpabmt, emotcb jurrbmt retb lf tbjcml`ldkje` jcemdb- Gbtwbbm

    5;4> emo 7>>?, d`lge` DCD bakssklms jeusbo gy

    cuaem ejtkvktkbs kmjrbesbo gy 4>" skmjb prb!

    kmoustrke` tkabs #K^JJ 7>>4+ emo JL7 bakssklms frla

    tcb usb lf flssk` fub`s cevb gbbm drlwkmd et 5-;"

    pbr yber #K^JJ 7>>4+- Rmobr jbrtekm sjbmerkls, tcb

    Kmtbrmetklme` Bmbrdy Edbmjy #KBE+ flumo tcet mlm!

    LBJO jlumtrkbs jlu`o gb rbsplmskg`b flr e`alst ;>"

    lf drlwtc km bmbrdy obaemo emo ejjlumt flr mber`y

    tcrbb!quertbrs lf d`lge` JL7 bakssklms km 7>2>jlaperbo wktc 7>>4 #KBE 7>5>e+-

    _cb skdmkstjemt rksis lf em kmjrbesb km d`lge`

    evbredb tbapbreturb lf alrb tcem 7J eglvb prb!

    kmoustrke` bvb`s erb wb``!oljuabmtbo emo rbprbsbmt

    tcrbets, bspbjke``y flr tcb pllr emo vu`mbreg`b

    jlumtrkbs lf Eske #EOG 7>>;e9 Xcek emo Xcuemd

    7>579 J`kmb 5;;7+- Dlvbrmabmts edrbbo et tcb 52tc

    sbssklm lf tcb Jlmfbrbmjb lf tcb ertkbs #JL^ 52+

    km Jlpbmcedbm lm tcb mbbo tl stegk`kzb tcb d`lge`tbapbreturb kmjrbesb et 7J eglvb prb!kmoustrke`

    `bvb`s tl `kakt tcb kapejts lf j`kaetb jcemdb- _cb

    gbst bstkaetb essuaptklm sclws tcet tcb alst

    strkmdbmt sjbmerkls, wckjc jlu`o `kakt d`lge` abem

    tbapbreturb kmjrbesbs tl 7->J7-?J eglvb prb!

    kmoustrke` `bvb`s, rbqukrb bakssklms tl pbei wktckm

    5> ybers frla 7>>4 #K^JJ 7>>4+- B`bvbm lf tcb 57

    ybers frla 5;;2 tl 7>>6 remi ealmd tcb werabst

    ybers km tcb kmstruabmte` rbjlro lf d`lge` surfejb

    tbapbreturb, abesurbo skmjb 532>- D`lge` evbredb

    surfejb tbapbreturbs kmjrbesbo gy eglut >-4?J lvbr

    tcb 5>> ybers frla 5;>6 tl 7>>2 #K^JJ 7>>4+- _cb

    d`lge` evbredb tbapbreturb kmjrbesb jem gb kaktbo

    tl 7->J7-?J kf wb erb eg`b tl stegk`kzb tcb d`lge`

    jlmjbmtretklm lf JL7, tcb prkmjkpe` emtcrlpldb

    DCD, et ??2?;>ppa- Km 7>>2, etalspcbrkj JL

    jlmjbmtretklms ceo kmjrbesbo gy e`alst 5>> p

    eglvb prb!kmoustrke` `bvb`s, rbejckmd :4; ppa

    #K^JJ 7>>4+- _cb muabrlus aktkdetklm abesur

    tcet cevb gbbm umobrteibm gy aemy pertkbs tl

    tcb RMFJJJ erb kmeobquetb flr rbvkskmd lvbreDCD bakssklms trbmos tl tcb bxtbmt mbbobo-

    Ourkmd tcb RMFJJJ jlmfbrbmjbs km

    Jlpbmcedbm km 7>>; emo Jemjum km 7>5>, sbvb

    obvb`lpkmd jlumtrkbs sugakttbo metklme` y

    epprlprketb aktkdetklm ejtklms #MEAEs+,

    wckjc obsjrkgb olabstkj bakssklm aktkdetklm

    ejtkvktkbs #_eg`b 5-5+ jerrkbo lut wktc emo wktcl

    kmtbrmetklme` supplrt, emo wckjc erb sughbjt t

    olabstkj abesurbabmt, rbplrtkmd emo vbrkstj

    #AWV+, rbplrtbo tcrludc metklme` jlaaumkjeEt tcb RMFJJJ Ourgem JL^ 54 km 7>55,

    dlvbrmabmts edrbbo tl orew up e mbw obe`

    wktc bde` flrjb tl gb skdmbo gy e`` jlumtrkbs,

    tl gb prbperbo gy 7>52 emo teib bffbjt km 7>7>

    _cb Ourgem `etflra flr Ejtklm #Glx 5-5+ mltbo

    wktc drevb jlmjbrm tcb skdmkstjemt dep gbtwbb

    jlumtrkbs aktkdetklm p`bodbs flr 7>7> emo tcb

    `kib`y jcemjb lf cl`okmd tcb kmjrbesb km d`lge`

    tbapbreturb tl 5-2J7->J eglvb prb!kmoustrke`bvb`s- Gkd okffbrbmjbs bxkst km tcb jlaaktabm

    lf verklus Eskem jlumtrkbs, gesbo prkaerk`y lm

    tcb strujturb lf tcbkr bmbrdy bjlmlakbs- Kmobb

    prkaery bmbrdy rbqukrbabmts emo tcb rbsu`tkm

    bakssklms obpbmo lm fejtlrs sujc es tcb bvb`

    kmoustrke`kzetklm, bjlmlakj strujturb, bmbrdy a

    `bvb` lf altlrkzetklm, emo tcb typb emo evek`eg

    lf olabstkj bmbrdy rbslurjbs-

    ^uttkmd Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt emo J`kaetb Jcemdb l`kjkbs kmtl rejtkjb

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    5>

    Jlumtry Aktkdetklm ejtklms

    L Gcutem Bmsurkmd tcet bakssklms ol mlt bxjbbo jlumtrys sbqubstretklm jepejkty

    L ^WJ Wboujtklm lf DCD bakssklms pbr umkt lf DO^ gy ?>"?2" gb`lw 7>>2 `bvb`s gy 7>7>

    Kmjrbesb lf scerb frla mlm!flssk` fub`s tl supp`y 52" lf prkaery bmbrdy jlmsuaptklm gy 7>7>

    Kmjrbesb lf flrbst jlvbr gy ?> ak``klm cbjterbs gy 7>7>

    Kmjrbesb lf flrbst stlji vl`uab gy 5-: gk``klm jugkj abtbrs eglvb 7>>2 `bvb`s gy 7>7>

    L Kmoke Wboujtklm lf DCD bakssklms pbr umkt lf DO^ gy 7>"72" gb`lw 7>>2 `bvb`s gy 7>7>

    Kmjrbesb lf tcb frejtklm lf b`bjtrkjkty obrkvbo frla wkmo, sl`er, emo sae`` cyorl tl 7>" km 7>7>

    #frla tcb jurrbmt `bvb` lf 3"+

    Eolptklm lf guk`okmd bmbrdy jlobs gy 7>57

    Eolptklm lf fub` bfstjkbmjy stemoeros gy 7>55

    Kmjrbesb lf flrbst jlvbr tl sbqubstbr 5>" lf emmue` bakssklms km Kmokes flrbsts

    L

    Kmolmbske Wboujtklm lf bakssklms tl 76" gb`lw guskmbss!es!usue` bvb`s gy 7>7> ejckbvbo tcrludc8 Zustekmeg`b pbet`emo aemedbabmt

    Wboujtklm km tcb retb lf obflrbstetklm emo `emo obdreoetklm

    Kaprlvbabmt lf jerglm sbqubstretklm

    ^rlaltklm lf bmbrdy bfstjkbmjy, emo e`tbrmetkvb emo rbmbweg`b bmbrdy slurjbs

    Wboujtklm km sl`ko emo `kquko westb

    @lw!jerglm tremsplrt

    L Hepem Bjlmlay!wkob rboujtklm lf DCD bakssklms gy 72" gb`lw 5;;> `bvb`s gy 7>7> gesbo

    lm tcb prbaksb lf tcb bsteg`kscabmt lf e fekr emo bffbjtkvb kmtbrmetklme` freabwlri km wckjc e``

    aehlr bjlmlakbs pertkjkpetb

    L Wbpug`kj lf Ilrbe Wboujtklm lf bakssklms tl :>" gb`lw prlhbjtbo `bvb`s gy 7>7>, wckjc bquetbs tl epprlxkaetb`y

    ?" gb`lw 7>>2 `bvb`s

    L Ae`eyske Wboujtklm lf DCD bakssklm kmtbmskty gy ?>" gb`lw 7>>2 bvb`s gy 7>7>

    L Ae`okvbs Ejckbvb jerglm mbutre`kty es e jlumtry gy 7>7>

    L Almdl`ke E sbrkbs lf ejtklms kmj`uokmd kmjrbesb lf pcltlvl`tekj #^V+, sl`er, emo wkmo utk`kzetklm,

    emo kaprlvbabmt lf bmbrdy bfstjkbmjy

    L Zkmdeplrb Wboujtklm lf DCD bakssklms tl 56" gb`lw prlhbjtbo `bvb`s gy 7>7>, jlmtkmdbmt lm e

    `bde``y!gkmokmd d`lge` edrbbabmt

    L _cek`emo Wboujtklm lf bmbrdy kmtbmskty abesurbo gy bmbrdy pbr DO^ tl 585

    Kmjrbesb tl scerb lf rbmbweg`b bmbrdkbs tl 7>" gy 7>77

    L Vkbt Mea Wboujb bmbrdy jlmsuaptklm gy 2"3" gy 7>52

    Kmjrbesb jlmtrkgutklm lf rbmbweg`b bmbrdy slurjbs tl lvbr 2" km 7>7>, emo 55" km 7>2>

    _eg`b 5-5

    Vl`umtery `bodbs aeob km Jlpbmcedbm tcrludc

    Metklme``y Epprlprketb Aktkdetklm Ejtklms

    Zlurjb8 RMFJJJ #7>55+-

    @lw!Jerglm Drbbm Drlwtc km E

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    jerglm obvb`lpabmt- _cb lutjlab oljuabmt _cb Futur

    wb wemt urdbs jlumtrkbs tl abesurb cuaem wb``!gbkmd

    emo sustekmegk`kty wktc e grleo sbt lf tll`s, retcbr tceme merrlw abtrkj sujc es drlss olabstkj prloujt #DO^+-

    Kt rbbapceskzbs tcb fu`st``abmt lf lfstjke` obvb`lpabmt

    esskstemjb #LOE+ jlaaktabmts, kmj`uokmd tcb jlaaktab

    gy obvb`lpbo jlumtrkbs tl ejckbvb tcb terdbt lf >-4" lf

    drlss metklme` prloujt flr LOE tl obvb`lpkmd jlumtrkbs g

    7>52, es wb`` es e terdbt lf >-52">-7>" lf drlss metklm

    prloujt flr LOE tl best obvb`lpbo jlumtrkbs- Kt ks kaplrt

    flr tcb repko`y drlwkmd metklms lf Eske tl jepkte`kzb lm tcb

    lpplrtumktkbs evek`eg`b flr lw!jerglm drbbm drlwtc emo

    kmvbst cbevk`y km cuaem jepkte` tl bmjluredb jktkzbms emo

    kmoustrkbs tlwero sustekmeg`b jlmsuaptklm emo prloujt

    prejtkjbs-_cb Olce J`kaetb Jcemdb Jlmfbrbmjb tcet jlmj`uo

    lm 3 Objbagbr 7>57 ces rbsu`tbo km objksklms #j`uggbo

    tldbtcbr es Olce J kaetb Detbwey+ ekabo et eovemjkmd tc

    kap`babmtetklm lf tcb Rmktbo Metklms Freabwlri Jlmvbmt

    lm J kaetb Jcemdb #RMFJJJ+ emo kts Iyltl ^rltljl #I^+-

    _cb Olce Jlmfbrbmjb ces sujjbbobo km jerrykmd lut

    eabmoabmts tl tcb I^ aeikmd tcb sbjlmo jlaaktabmt pb

    lf bakssklm rboujtklm gy I pertkbs bffbjtkvb kaaboketb`y

    gbdkmmkmd 5 Hemuery 7>5:- E`tcludc tcb bakssklm rboujtklm

    lg`kdetklms umobrteibm gy tcb Emmbx K pertkbs erb mlt es

    eagktklus es rbqukrbo gy sjkbmjb, tcb I pertkbs cevb edrbb

    tl kap`babmt tcb terdbts lvbr em 3 yber pbrklo #7>5:7>7>+tcus prlvkokmd e obdrbb lf jbrtekmty tl tcb jerglm aeribts- K

    ces gbbm edrbbo tcet tcb I pertkbs wk` rbvkskt tcbkr terdbts

    km 7>5? wktc e vkbw tl kmjrbeskmd tcbkr eagktklm9 tcks wk`` gb

    umjlmoktklme` emo wk`` cevb ml kmiedb wktc tcb wlri lf tcb

    Ourgem `etflra- Et Olce, tcb wlri lf tcb Ourgem `etflra

    sbt up flr obvkskmd tcb plst!7>7> erremdbabmts prldrbssbo

    setksfejtlrk`y- Km e skdmkstjemt emo plsktkvb eovemjb, kt ces gb

    edrbbo tcet tcb wlri lf tcb Ourgem `etflra wk`` gb gesbo

    lm tcb prkmjkp`bs lf tcb Jlmvbmtklm- Es emmlumjbo gy tcb RM

    Zbjrbtery Dbmbre , tcb objksklm rbjldmkzbs tcb plsskgk kty l

    cl`okmd e abbtkmd lf cbeos lf dlvbrmabmts emo stetbs km

    7>52 tl stme`kzb tcb Edrbbabmt-

    Et Ourgem km Objbagbr 7>55, ob`bdetbs edrbbo tl e jlapejt,

    twl!pedb oljuabmt tcet sbts lut e altkvetklm emo prljbss

    flr rbejckmd e mbw edrbbabmt lm bakssklms rboujtklm gy7>52, tl gb kap`babmtbo gy 7>7>- Kt ejckbvbs lmb sae``

    stbp gy essbrtkmd tcet tcb lutjlab wk`` gb epp`kjeg`b tl e``

    pertkbs- _cb Jemjum edrbbabmt lf 7>5> e``lws jlumtrkbs

    tl stetb tcbkr olabstkj bakssklms rboujtklm jlaaktabmts

    pug`kj`y emo e``lws tclsb jlaaktabmts tl gb rbvkbwbo gy

    tcb kmtbrmetklme` jlaaumkty- Et Ourgem, ob`bdetbs edrbbo

    mbw prljbourbs flr abesurbabmt, rbplrtkmd emo vbrkstjetklm

    #AWV+ flr vl`umtery jlaaktabmts, emo flr kmtbrmetklme`

    jlmsu`tetklm tl kmjrbesb jlmstobmjb km prldrbss tlwero tcb

    fu`st``abmt lf tcbsb p`bodbs-

    _cb Ourgem p`etflra jlmtekms tcrbb kaplrtemt

    b`babmts- Fkrst, kt mltbs wktc drevb jlmjbrm tcb skdmkstjemtdep gbtwbbm jlumtrkbs aktkdetklm p`bodbs km tbras lf d`lge`

    rboujtklm lf DCD bakssklms gy 7>7> emo tcb kib`y jcemjb

    lf cl`okmd tcb kmjrbesb km d`lge` tbapbreturb tl 5-2J7->J

    eglvb prb!kmoustrke` bvb`s- _cks stetbabmt rbkmflrjbs tcb

    sjkbmtkstj edrbbabmt tcet e terdbt lf 5-2J lr 7->J werakmd

    wlu`o rbsu`t km fer bss skdmkstjemt kapejts frla j`kaetb

    jcemdb tcem e ckdcbr d`lge` tbapbreturb kmjrbesb- Zbjlmo,

    tcb p`etflra essbrts tcet jlumtrkbs sclu`o `eumjc e prljbss

    tl obvb`lp e prltljl`, emltcbr bde` kmstruabmt lr em edrbbo

    lutjlab wktc bde` flrjb umobr tcb RMFJJJ epp`kjeg`b tl

    e`` pertkbs- _ckro, kt stetbs tcet tcks edrbbabmt sclu`o gb

    prbperbo gy 7>52 emo tcet emy rbsu`tkmd rboujtklms sclu`ogbdkm gy 7>7>- _cb 7>52 obeo`kmb ks rb`etkvb`y sclrt gy

    kmtbrmetklme` mbdltketklm stemoeros, kmjrbeskmd tcb prbssurb

    tl jlmj`uob e obe` km tcb mber futurb-

    _cb 7>57 Rmktbo Metklms Jlmfbrbmjb lm Zustekmeg`b

    Obvb`lpabmt, e`sl imlwm es Wkl)7>, tlli p`ejb 7> ybers

    eftbr tcb emoaeri suaakt km Wkl ob Hembkrl km 5;;7- E iby

    tcbab tcet olakmetbo tcb ob`kgbretklms wes tcb jlmjbpt

    lf e drbbm bjlmlay- Et e tkab wcbm tcb bjlmlakj emo

    stmemjke` jrksbs aeib tcb cbeo`kmbs, wlr`o beobrs edrbbo

    tl pusc flrwero e drbbm bjlmlay tl ejckbvb sustekmeg`b

    obvb`lpabmt emo plvbrty breokjetklm, gesbo lm tcb prkmjkp`b

    lf jlaalm gut okffbrbmtketbo rbsplmskgk`kty emo lw!

    Glx 5-5

    Ourgem ^`etflra, Wkl)7> Zuaakt,

    emo Olce J`kaetb Detbwey

    Zlurjb8 EOGEOGK stuoy tbea-

    ^uttkmd Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt emo J`kaetb Jcemdb l`kjkbs kmtl rejtkjb

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    57

    5-7-:

    Zustekmeg`b Obvb`lpabmt Ok`baaes

    lf Babrdkmd Eske

    Es e jlmsbqubmjb lf repko jerglm!kmtbmskvb drlwtc,

    tcb rbdklm ks gbjlakmd tcb festbst drlwkmd bakttbr

    lf DCD bakssklms- Wbjbmt bstkaetbs suddbst tcet

    Eske ejjlumts flr 74" lf tcb wlr`os bmbrdy rb`etboJL7 bakssklms emo tcb scerb ks kib`y tl kmjrbesb

    tl ??" gy 7>:> #Fkdurb 5-?+- _cb rbdklm ks prbokjtbo

    tl bxpbrkbmjb e stbeoy rksb km urgem plpu`etklm

    #Ilc`k, Zcerae, emo Zllo 7>55+9 e scerp kmjrbesb km

    bmbrdy usb #Kmstktutb lf Bmbrdy Bjlmlakjs, Hepem

    7>55+9 e surdb km tcb skzb lf tcb vbckj`b bbt9 emo

    em kmjrbesb km tcb lutput lf jerglm!kmtbmskvb

    kmoustrkbs #Zjckppbr, Fegkem, emo @betcbr 7>>;+-

    _cb futurb lf d`lge` bjlmlakj drlwtc obpbmos lm

    tcb prlspbjts emo pbrflraemjb lf babrdkmd Eskemjlumtrkbs- Tck`b tcb dbmbre` trbmo suddbsts aehlr

    bjlmlakbs lf tcb rbdklm, sujc es tcb WJ emo Kmoke,

    cevb gbjlab emo wk`` jlmtkmub tl gb aehlr slurjbs

    lf bakssklms, pbr jepkte bakssklms jlmtkmub tl gb

    `lwbr tcem tclsb lf kmoustrke`kzbo jlumtrkbs-

    Em kmvbmtlry lf DCD bakssklms #_eg`b 5-7+

    flr aehlr jlumtrkbs ejrlss Eske kmokjetbs e prbsskmd

    mbbo flr skdmkstjemt bakssklm rboujtklms wktckm

    e sclrt tkab freab- _l cevb e drbetbr jcemjb lfejckbvkmd `lwbr stegk`kzetklm `bvb`s, em bakssklms

    pbei emo tcbm obj`kmb wlu`o cevb tl ljjur qukji`y,

    emo drbetbr bakssklms rboujtklms gy 7>2> wlu`o gb

    rbqukrbo #K^JJ 7>>4+-

    _cb kap`kjetklms lf d`lge` werakmd cb`p

    tl sbt tcb freab flr pl`kjy aeikmd ekabo et DCD

    bakssklms rboujtklms- Tck`b alob`kmd futurb

    tbapbreturb kmjrbesb ks sbmsktkvb tl iby essuaptkl

    eglut bjlmlakj drlwtc emo pl`kjy kmtbrvbmtklms,

    kt ks wlrtc mltkmd tcet pe`blj`kaetkj kmflraetklm

    supplrts tcb kmtbrprbtetklm tcet tcb weratc lf tc`est ce`f jbmtury ks umusue` et best km tcb prbvklus

    5,:>> ybers- _cb est tkab tcb pl`er rbdklms wbrb

    skdmkstjemt y werabr flr em bxjbbobo pbrklo #eglu

    572,>>> ybers edl+, rboujtklms km pl`er kjb vl`uab

    `bo tl e sbe `bvb` rksb lf ?6 abtbrs #K^JJ 7>>4+-

    Dbldrepckje``y, Mlrtc Eabrkje, Eske, emo

    tcb Akoo`b Best cevb orkvbm tcb rksb km bakssklms

    skmjb 5;47- Obvb`lpbo jlumtrkbs #RMFJJJ Emmbx 5

    jlumtrkbs+ cl`o e 7>" scerb