lotico oct 2010

Introduction to Semantic Web

Dean AllemangChief Scientist, TopQuadrant Inc.

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

© Copyright 2007-2010 TopQuadrant Inc. Slide 2

Formed in 2001 Privately held First Semantic Web Consulting Firm in the U.S.

Products: TopBraid Suite Semantic Web Application Development Platform 600+ Customers

Solution Services Workshops: Solution Envisioning,

Ontology Modeling Jumpstarts to Large Implementations

Semantic Web Training 700+ People Trained

International Locations Alexandria, VA Mountain View, CA TopQuadrant Korea – Seoul, S. Korea

Strategic Partnerships Oracle, Franz, CTG

Corporate Overview


Semantic Representation of Data and Models (Ontologies)

A model of the concepts and relationships between concepts within a specific domain.

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Semantic Web Standards:- RDF - RDFS

- SPARQL - OWL


Semantic Web: Make web content machine-readable!

“The Semantic Web is a vision: the idea of having data on the Web defined and linked in a way that it can be used by machines not just for display purposes, but for automation, integration and reuse of data across various applications.[W3C 2001] ”

“The Semantic Web is an extension of the current Web in which information is given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in cooperation.” [Tim Berners-Lee et al 2001]


What could the Web do?

Web page interaction – uses people as its medium!


What could the Web do? (cont.)

Can this sort of interactionbecome part of the Web itself?


How could the Web do it?

Built-in by the Webmaster

Agree upon an “interlingua”


A new Web of terminology

Use the same technology for mapping web pages to terminologyto map terminology to one another

What’s the Interlingua for the Interlingua?


What about people? Don’t they make the world go round?

OntologyOntology

Annotated Web Page

Annotated Web Page

computers and people…better cooperation

Annotated Web Page

Agent

Ontology

Human

Internet

Source:, Phil Windridge WSWS (2004)


The Web: The World’s Largest Information System!

How did it get so big? What is special about The Web?


Semantic Web Standards Stack


How Semantic Languages Work

Bring information together Draw inferences

RDF

RDFS

OWL


What is RDF? Distribution of data

IDModel No.

Division Product LineManufacture location

SKUInStock

1 ZX-3Manufacturing support

Paper machine Sacramento FB3524 23

2 ZX-3PManufacturing support

Paper machine Sacramento KD5243 4

3 ZX-3SManufacturing support

Paper machine Sacramento IL4028 34

4 B-1430Control Engineering

Feedback Line Elizabeth KS4520 23

5 B-1430XControl Engineering

Feedback Line Elizabeth CL5934 14

6 B-1431Control Engineering

Active Sensor Seoul KK3945 0

7 DBB-12 Accessories Monitor Hong Kong ND5520 100

8 SP-1234 Safety Safety Valve Cleveland HI4554 4

9 SPX-1234 Safety Safety Valve Cleveland OP5333 14


Distribute by rows?

1 ZX-3 Manufacturing support Paper machine Sacramento FB3524 23

4 B-1430

Control Engineering

Feedback Line Elizabeth KS4520 23

7 DBB-12 Accessories Monitor Hong Kong ND5520 100

Needs common schema - which column is which?


Distribute by columns?

Division

Manufacturing support



Control Engineering

Control Engineering

Control Engineering

Accessories

Safety

Safety

In Stock

23

4

34

23

14

0

100

4

14

Model No.

ZX-3

ZX-3P

ZX-3S

B-1430

B-1430X

B-1431

DBB-12

SP-1234

SPX-1234

Needs to reference entities – which thing are

we talking about?


Distribute by cells!?

Needs to reference both schema and entities

Most flexible – can distribute data in any way at all!

Division

7 Accessories

Product Line

4 Feedback Line

Model

1 ZX-3

Division

7 Accessories


Distribute by cells!?

Division

7 Accessories

Subject

Predicate

Object

URI’s

Triple Store

• Store, • Index, and • Federate these triples


Thinking “Outside of the Table”

01-02 9.3 6.4 3.5 3.0 2.8

01-02 9.3 6.4 3.5 3.0 2.8

01-02 9.3 6.4 3.5 3.0 2.8

01-02 9.3 6.4 3.5 3.0 2.8

01-02 9.3 6.4 3.5 3.0 2.8

01-02 9.3 6.4 3.5 3.0 2.8

01-02 9.3 6.4 3.5 3.0 2.8

01-02 9.3 6.4 3.5 3.0 2.8

Agricultural production-crops4 01 7.6 5.3 3.0 2.4 2.3








Agricultural production - livestock4 02 1.7 1.1 0.5 0.6 0.6








Agricultural services 07 12.4 7.6 4.4 3.2 4.8








1.4 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.6

1.4 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.6

1.4 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.6

1.4 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.6

1.4 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.6

1.4 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.6

1.4 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.6

1.4 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.6

Oil and gas extraction 13 1.0 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.5








Nonmetallic minerals mining6 14 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1








49.8 32.7 23.5 9.3 17.1

49.8 32.7 23.5 9.3 17.1

49.8 32.7 23.5 9.3 17.1

49.8 32.7 23.5 9.3 17.1

49.8 32.7 23.5 9.3 17.1

49.8 32.7 23.5 9.3 17.1

49.8 32.7 23.5 9.3 17.1

49.8 32.7 23.5 9.3 17.1

Adapted from a slide by Dean Allemang

From Tables to Linked Data


Representing Data in Graphs

Graph = nodes linked by labeled edges


What is RDFS?

RDFS is the schema language for RDFType inferences can be made, based on schema


Why is RDFS useful?

RDFS allows us to talk about classes of instances

It provides inferences, e.g.,

Best Western is a Hotel

(and hence, anything we know about Hotelsapplies to Best Western)

RDFS is in RDF (it’s its own schema language!)


gov: EPA

A little RDF(S) goes a long way

gov: department

gov: agency

gov: body

A model of government agencies and departments. Such models are called Ontologies.

brm: Business Area brm: Line Of Business

brm: subfunction

brm:Resource Mgmt

brm: s2citizens brm:Energy

eGOV: capability

eGOV: Standard

eGOV:Service SpeceGOV: Remote Reporting

eGOV: web service

eGovOS: project

gov: FERCgov: DoE


Ontologies are the means to separate “what is common” from “what is different”

From Tim Berners-Lee, ISWC 2003

Semantic map: Connecting silo domains


OWL (formerly DAML+OIL)

What is OWL?

The “Web Ontology Language” W3C Standard DAML

DAML+OIL

OIL

OWL

RDF

DARPA EU (various)

W3C

Became a Recommendation in February 2004

... for Owl, wise though he was in many ways, able to read and write and spell his own name ...


Function Start Date OperatedBy

Air And Radiation

Jan 1, 1994 EPA

Financial Management

Aug 31, 1999 OMB

Compensation Oct 1, 2003 OMB

… … …

<Agency name=“EPA”> <OperatesLOB>SWER</OperatesLOB> <OperatesLOB>Water Quality Reporting</OperatesLOB> <OperatesLOB>Acid Rain Monitoring</OperatesLOB></Agency>


OWL can specify rich relationships: equivalence, inverse, unique, …

Q: What is operatedBy EPA? A: AirAndRadiation Q: What is operatedBy EPA? A: SWER, AirAndRatiation Q: What is operatedBy EPA? A: SWER


SPARQL

SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language

Query Language (like SQL is for databases, XQuery is for XML, etc.)

Extracts information from a graph using pattern matching

“Four-star lodging in New York”


Find data in a graph


TopBraid Suite™

Enterprise Application Deployment and Use

(Ontology Modeling and Application Development

to

Complete Semantic Application Lifecycle Support

Semantic Web Modeling and Application Development

Environment

Enterprise Platform for Semantic Web

Applications

Semantic Web Application Assembly

Toolkit


Data.Gov

Data.gov – collection of government data sets made available to the world to use


Sample Dataset: #1329


FHEO Filed Cases

What does the data look like?


Metadata for the data

What are the fields? What do they mean?


How can we use it?

Dataset 1329FHEO Filings(data.gov)

Counties/Locations

SPARQL Rules

FHEO Data Description

TopBriad Suite uses Semantic Web Standards to mash up data

TopBriad Suite uses Semantic Web Standards to mash up data


Display data mash-up

Rules for color coding encoded in SPARQL Rules Yahoo! Map served up through TopBraid Ensemble™

lotico oct 2010

Technology

current web

web page interaction

new web of terminology

semantic web consulting

mapping web pages

web content machinereadable

ca topquadrant korea

accessories product