los tiempos pasados past tenses spanish has 2 past tenses: –preterite completed past actions...
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Los tiempos pasados
Past tenses
• Spanish has 2 past tenses:– Preterite
• completed past actions• action has specific beginning,
ending, or duration• sudden or abrupt actions
– Imperfect• habitual actions• ongoing past actions• the action has no clear
beginning or end
El PreteritoRegular
El pretérito• Completed actions
– She ate the cheeseburger.
• Specific beginning, ending or duration– We went to bed at 9:00.
• Sudden or abrupt – I found out the truth.
Expresiones utiles• anoche = last night• anteayer = the day before
yesterday• ayer = yesterday• de repente = suddenly• el (la) ______ pasado(a)
= last _______
-ar
é
asteó
amos
aron
-er / -ir
í
isteió
imos
ieron
He talked
HablarHablHabló
You ran
corrercorrcorriste
They prepared
prepararpreparprepararon
What’s the difference?
HabloHabló
I speak
he spoke
¡Practiquemos!• llegar, Alicia y sus
amigos• entrar, nosotros• recibir, Maricela• anunciar, la tienda• encontrar, yo• gastar, todos• vender, ud.
llegaron
entramos
recibió
anunció
encontrégastaron
vendió
Stem-changing verbsSOLE verbs
No –ar or –er verbs
Stem-change –ir verbs
3rd person only
Change e-i / o-u
It has to be a stem-changing (shoe) verb!
Stem-changing verbs
pedípedimos
pedistepidiópidieron
pedir to ask for, order
Verbs like pedir
• advertir (ie)=to point out/warn• convertir (ie) = to convert • divertirse (ie)= to have fun • medir (i) = to measure• mentir (ie) = to lie • repetir• servir
Stem-changing verbs
dormí dormimosdormistedurmió durmieron
Like dormir: morir to die
Dormir to sleep
Spelling changes-car/-gar/-zar
-gar
-car
-zar
changes
changes
changes
-qué
-gué
-cé
These changes only
happen in the yo form
Pronunciation issues!
-car
busqué buscamosbuscastebuscó buscaron
Buscar to look for
-gar
llegué llegamosllegastellegó llegaron
Llegar to arrive
-zar
almorcé almorzamosalmorzastealmorzó almorzaron
Almorzar to eat lunch
Spelling changes3-vowel rule verbs
• -er and –ir verbs only– Must have a stem that
ends in a vowel
• Change i to y in 3rd person• Add accents to tú and
nosotros forms (except on –uir verbs)
3-vowel rule verbs
leí leímosleísteleyó leyeron
Leer to read
3-vowel rule verbs
construí construimosconstruisteconstruyó construyeron
construir to build
No extra accents!
• caer(se) = to fall• concluir = to conclude• construir = to build• creer = to believe• destruir = to destroy• distribuir = to distribute• huir = to flee• incluir = to include• oír = to hear• poseer = to have, possess
3-vowel rule verbsothers
3-vowel rule verbsLooks like one, but isn’t
seguí seguimosseguistesiguió siguieron
Seguir to follow, continue
It is a stem-changing verb!
• conseguir = to obtain• perseguir = to pursue
Compounds with seguir