locomoon,%% the%knee%and%the%hip% -...
TRANSCRIPT
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Li6erature
• Biomechanics of the Knee, chapter 7 • Biomechanics of the Hip, chapter 8
Classifica*on of joints
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Hinge joint/ Gångjärnsled e.g. finger and toe joints
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Pivot or trochoid joint/ Vrid-‐ eller rota3onsled e.g. proximal radio-‐ulnar joint
1-‐dimensional
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2-‐dimensional
!!
Ellipsoid joint/ äggled e.g. the wrist
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Saddle joint/ sadelled e.g. the base joint of the thumb
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Extension Flexion
Locking joint/ Spriralled e.g. the knee and elbow joints
3-‐dimensional
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Ball and socket joint/ Kulled e.g. hip and shoulder joints
lateral ligament
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Muscles around the knee
Anterior view Posterior view
Degrees of mo*on in the knee Proximal-‐distal transla*on internal/external rota*on
Adduc*on-‐abduc*on rota*on
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Ligaments and menisci
Range of *biofemoral joint mo*on
Extension to flexion while: -‐ walking 0-‐67o -‐ climbing stairs 0-‐83o
-‐ descending stairs 0-‐90o -‐ siXng down 0-‐93o
-‐ tying a shoe 0-‐106o -‐ liZing an object 0-‐117o
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Sta*c analysis of stair climbing p.193, box 7.1
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Known: • Body weight W • contact point foot-‐step • direc(on of the force in the
patellar tendon, P • contact point in the femur-‐
(bia joint Derive: • magnitude of the force P in
the patellar tendon • magnitude and direc(on of
the contact force in the femur-‐(bia joint
Illustra*on of knee mo*on
• Mo*on in the knee joint: h6p://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H3YgbJLbIXk&feature=related
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Movements of the hip joint
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1. Acetabulum (ledpanna) 2. Gluteus medius 3. Caput femoris (ledhuvud) 4. Collum femoris (lårbenshals) 5. Corpus femoris 6. Labrum
ilium
Iliac crest (hö>benskam)
sacrum
coccyx
Ischium (siAben)
Trocanter major
h6p://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qlCvKEOZtpo (nice illustra*ons of the mo*on in the hip)