location of london creative industries
DESCRIPTION
Second of two slidesets prepared using the GLA's local area creative industry datasets. With an interesting slide on London's historical memoryTRANSCRIPT
Mapping London’s Creative Industries
Alan Freeman
A new source of data about the creative industries
Evidence is central to LDA creative strategy Until now our data was from official sources
only– Very little information about local areas– Information about individual sectors quite
unreliable
Microdata provides better information– about local areas– about individual industries– about firm size
But is inconsistent with official data
Micro-data
Inter-Departmental Business Register (IDBR)
Commercial company databases– Additional information– Statistically more reliable (100 times more
records)
Raw data is not consistent with official data
Has to be transformed to make it comparable
Costly to use – very labour-intensive
The creative and sector data project
We have now completed a pilot– commissioned from Trends Business
Research Economics (TBR economics)
Data from this phase will be analysed Next phase starts 2006
– will inform creative strategy– will monitor and evaluate impacts– will be extended to other LDA sectors
What do you want to know?
Questions we can answer now– Where are the Creative Industries? Are they
found where other industries are not?– Do they cluster (do businesses of the same
type like to be close to each other)?– Do they co-locate (do businesses of different
types like to be close to each other)?
Questions we would like to answer later– How do they grow? Do they grow differently
from other industries?– What is the structure of specific subsectors, eg
Music?
Questions, questions
Do Creative Firms Cluster?
Some cluster more than others
0%
10%
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Percent of London's Standard Output Areas
Per
cent
of em
ploy
ees
Total Creative
Radio and Television
Total All Industries 2003(SOAs)
Film and Video
Some cluster in a similar way
0%
10%
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Percent of London's Standard Output Areas
Per
cent
of em
ploy
ees
Publishing
Advertising
Architecture
Total All Industries 2003(SOAs)
Some less than others
0%
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100%0% 5% 10%
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Percent of London's Standard Output Areas
Per
cent
of em
ploy
ees
Music, Performing Arts
Leisure Software
Art and Antiques
Total All Industries 2003(SOAs)
Where do Creative Industries Locate?
Workforce jobs, all industries
Fill
Creative Jobs
Source: Trends Business Research, GLAE
Creative Businesses
Source: Trends Business Research, GLAE
Where Creative Jobs dominate
Where Creative Firms dominate
Employees per business
Employees per business
Employees per business
A Historical Memory?
A creative value chain?
Source: TBR and GLAE
Total Creative Industries
Source: TBR and GLAE
Specialising in Creation
Source: TBR and GLAE
DCMS Evidence Toolkit (DET) ‘Creation’ function
Concerns, solutions, and extensions
Some unexpected benefits
SIC 5-digit codes– IDBR contains 5-digit codes, ABI and LFS do not– TBR economics extract 5-digit ‘multipliers’ from the
IDBR– we can apply these to ABI and LFS data– this should work for other sectors such as retailing
or construction
More accurate treatment of self-employed– partners, sole traders, professionals
A possible cross-check on the ABI itself– we know there are discrepancies between the LFS
and the ABI– the data may help us find out why
Consistency
We asked for consistency in the overall total and for four DET ‘domains’
This is new: DCMS and others including GLA still use the ‘DCMS Mapping’ framework
For individual SIC codes and sectors complete consistency cannot be guaranteed– ABI Architecture = 20,000– TBR Architecture = 10,000
This can be improved on but not perfected
Time
No Creative Industry before 1992– The SIC codes which allow the industry to be defined did
not exist
Micro-data itself does not go back very far Reliability of time-series data
– the size and scope of the database may change
Micro-data is costly– To repeat for ten years would reach a 6-figure sum– Does the marginal cost justify the marginal benefit?
A compromise– We could do the analysis for one or two years (1994 and
1999) and estimate intervening years using the ABI and/or the LFS
The credits
The idea: DCMS The work: Trends Business Research The groundwork: Kingston University,
Leeds University, NIERC, Comedia The researchers: Rupika Madhura,
Rajesh Gami
Appendix: the DET sectors
Creation Dissemination Exhibition Making All FunctionsAudio-visual 45,679 4,445 112 3,998 54,233Books & Press 3,233 15,861 19,095Performance 5,558 7,034 12,593Visual Arts 32,639 1,347 227 34,213All Domains 78,317 9,025 5,898 26,893 120,133
Number of firms in London
Number of workforce jobs in London
Creation Dissemination Exhibition Making All FunctionsAudio-visual 158,902 32,090 1,995 14,979 207,967Books & Press 11,958 107,748 119,706Performance 11,893 18,108 30,001Visual Arts 63,079 3,585 3,090 69,753All Domains 221,981 47,633 16,978 140,835 427,427