local and community leadership for effective management · local and community leadership for...
TRANSCRIPT
Local and community leadership for effective
management
Ratu Pio RadikedikeVerata, Tailevu, Fiji
Fish for the future!Building Vibrant, empowered and resilient communities!
Mechanisms for strengthening linkages between local conservation actions and national conservation policies
and strategies. Alifereti Tawake
[email protected] Chair/Technical Advisor
On behalf of the LMMA Network International
How it all began
•Using traditional practices already in place, supported by modern techniques/science, to address
community needs made more sense.
•In the 1990s, different groups and individuals were working on various community resource management
projects in the Indo-Pacific.
•From their many experiences, they recognized that a Western style ‘closed’ conservation
system would not work.
Social- ecological-cultural contexts
1. Customary marine tenure system; e.g. Pacific island countries
80% ownership of land and sea
2. Dual governance – Government and community
3. Social-ecological connections
1. Land and sea, people and culture are inseparable
2. Traditional knowledge
3. Spiritual Belief (Faith) and Values connected to our natural resources (tree, fish,
birds, turtle fishing rules, gods, marine invertebrates etc),
4. Social groups function, role and skill (chief, fishermen, builder, men and
women, generations)
4. Pre-scientific ecosystem–based management practices are still being
used today in Oceania.
– Hawaiian ahupua’a, the Yap Tabinau, Solomon Islands Puava,
– Aboriginal Australian Country , Australian Torres Strait Ailan kastom
– Fijian Vanua
The ‘Mana’ in Traditional Management Systems
The Sacred ‘Davetatabu’
Guiding Whales Out of Shallow Waters
Learning by doing –CBAM
•A management cycle where local stakeholders make a plan and implement it, check how it is going, analyseand communicate results, revise the plan if needed, and continue.
•Collect data –community monitoring •Analyze data and information
•Present results •Socialize information
Locally Managed Marine Areas (LMMA)
Jupiter et al. 2014 Pacific Conservation Biology
‘ …..nearshore marine areas that is under some form of community-based management or co-management with government or NGOs….’
Rights to land and sea, watershed, ridge to reef actions
LMMAs most vital ingredient
Access restrictions
LMMAs first tool are therefore:
Species restrictions
LMMAs may include
Gear restrictions, size limits & species
moratorium
LMMAs may include
Periodically-harvested closures (No-take,
MPAs)
LMMAs may include
LMMAs may include
Permanent closures (no-take /MPAs)
Waste management, Disaster preparedness, climate
adaptation, family planning, village governance,
agriculture, renewable energy etc. etc.
Integrated Village Planning
Community Empowerment
• Participatory planning and rule- making
• Dramatize complex
scientific concepts
Local Management Efforts
•Adopt-a-tree for
reforestation
Island management based on LMMAs
•Palau
•Pohnpei (Micronesia)
•Papua New Guinea
•Solomon Islands
The LMMA Network
•Philippines
•Indonesia
•Fiji
•Women and Youth•NGO staff
•Technical advisors
•Government reps
•University researchers
•Donors
Who We Are
•Community Fisherfolk
•Traditional and village leaders
1997
2005
Fiji 2005 and 2014 Commitment
“…by 2020, at least 30% of Fiji’s inshore &
offshore marine areas will have come under a comprehensive, ecologically, representative networks of MPAs, which are effectively managed and financed”
- Hon. Minister for Foreign Affairs Kaliopate Tavola
•Set the stage for:• Micronesia Challenge which was announced in 2007 at Curitiba at the 7th
Conference of the Parties (COP) of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)• Other regional “challenges” (e.g., Caribbean, Western Indian Ocean)
2015
2015Fijis commitment through FLMMA to achieve 100% inshore management (31,000 sqkm) by
2020
• 79% of inshore fishing area is actively under local management so far
• 11% of inshore area is under permanent or periodically opened no-take reserves
• 71% of coastal villages are involved
Yaubula Management Support Team (YMST) = Co-management
& Partnership Structure
Kadavu Provincial 2020 Strategic Priorities
Strategic Priority 1: Sustainable Farming – Going Organic
Objective: To be certified as an organic island by 2020
Strategic Priority 2: Sustainable Water Source
Objective: Protect all watershed areas by 2020
•Strategic Priority 3: Scaling up effective local management as a foundation for climate
change adaptation through
1. reef to ridge management;
2. seascape or offshore marine management;
3. improve coordination and enforcement
Strategic Priority 4: Create
sustainable livelihoods
Objective 1: Certification and create brand
/improve local- international market for locally
grown and sustainably harvested labelled products (
seafood, organic)
Objective 2: Create alternative income generations
that are sustainable
- Bee Keeping – organic honey
- Selling organic products to hotels/resorts
- Promote and market ecotourism by engaging
local communities – leaving footprints only
Objective 3: Value adding
Strategic Priority 5: Renewable
Energy
Objective: To reduce dependence on diesel fuel
generator to 0% by 2030
Explore Potential for
– All villages to be Solar Powered
– Wind/Wave/Geothermal Energy
Fiji LMMA Network’s Shared Vision
Resilience ThinkingDiversity of strategies implemented by the locals; requires integrated planning
Start small (village) and scale up; LMMA Overfishing, urgent … entry to communities
LMMA approach helps organise communities Yaubula Management Plans – 360 degrees view Scaling-up from LMMA to Locally Managed Areas
Awareness LMMAs Forest reserves, Sacred Sites Farming practices Waste Management Governance & Leadership Income generation – sea weed farming Coastal protection Climate change adaptations Disaster preparedness Sustainable development - Solar lighting
Key messages for strengthening linkages
1. Community empowerment is critical for scaling up
and sustaining initiatives
2. Networking – Greater than the sum of our individual
efforts
3. ‘Building out’ vs Building up strategies
4. ‘Talkshops’ to workshops leading to actions
5. Increasing support to where there are lasting and
impactful outcomes
