loans in modern standard arabic
DESCRIPTION
A small digest of information on the loans in the Arabic language. The list includes the words of non-Arabic origin that are most frequently used in everyday speech.The information is given in the Russian language.TRANSCRIPT
-
/ust/ , . std
, , awestd
, .
/qiyya/ .
uncia , .
/ibrhm/ . Avrahm; ,
, Avraham.
*.
/ibrq/ . bri.
, .. .
/ibls/ , .
. ,
dibls d-, -,
d-.
/ar/ , . agr
;
agru ~ agarru .
/dam/ . am; ,
.
/idrs/ . -,
Adrs, .
/ustra/ . /str/,
.
/ishq/ . (.
Ishaq), y-
Yichaq.
/assasa/ . , /iss/
, , , . .
/aslama/ , /muslim/ , .
.
, .
> alam,
.
/isml/ . y-,
Yimal,
, . Imal.
-
/iksr/ .
, ,
.
/allah/ . /ilah/, Alh
, , .
, , ,
tly.
/ilys/ . ,
, . Ilys.
/umma/ , .
(. uma,
ummatu),
( , -, umia
). ,
. .
/inl/ . ,
, .
/ya/ , ; (?). . -
, , . ,
-, ,
(), .
/ayyb/ . ,
; , -
, Ayv.
/bb/ .
bv. ,
- .
/binn/ . bdengn,
, , vtiga gama
.
/braka/ . brk
.
( birax, brk) , ,
.
/brd/ (?).
/bard/ , ,
, vard .
-
(
), .
/bws/ . , /bsa/,
buse.
/baht/ . bat , ,
, bata , (.
bhakti ).
/br/ , . , /bry/,
().
, , (bar) (br).
/burhn/ , .
buruhn , - brhan ,
.
/bur/ . -, ,
,
burgana , .
/bira/, /bur/ (?). br
, , , , baar .
, .
bussuru , bsr . ,
.
/baq/ , . bai,
baidan , .
/balad/ , . palatium
.
/balta/ . balta
.
/balam/ , ; .
;
/balam/ .
/bunn/ .
buna, , (
., , /bn/ ; ).
/bunyn/ . /fuln/,
(. binyn );
.
-
/twb/ . , ..
, t * (
, /wb/
).
/tbt/ , . ,
, , bt,
tva tiv.
,
tbot.
/t/ .
(. tg ).
/tira/ . , ,
tir, tamkru ~ tamgru
.
/tarh/ (?).
,
/arraha/, ,
. , ,
,
.
/taht/ , . tat , ;
, , tata .
/tilm/ .
. , *lm
, lmd,
lama , lime , talmu ; ,
talm . ,
, tilm.
/timsh/ . emsah,
msh.
/tt/ , . .
t, , -,
tuttu.
.
.
/ibrl/ . Gabril,
, , Gavrl.
-
/azar/ . ,
/ur/ ,
gazar, (.
grara ).
/ass/ . gypsum
, ga .
/ilbb/ ( ) (?). ,
gilbab, ..
glbb .
/umruk/ . gmrk,
commercium .
/anna/ , .
( gin).
/undiyy/ . gund , ,
vrnda.
/ins/ , . genus , , .
/ahannam/ . Ghinnam,
.
/awhar/ , , ; .
,
ghr .
/hnt/ , . -t,
. -,
han, xanut.
/hizb/ , . ,
hzb , ,
.
/hsd/ (), ().
hsd,
/hdd/ , .
/hisn/ . ,
. ,
.
hasan
.
-
/htam/ . ;
, ham hm.
,
.
/hrita/ . /hrt/
; ; .
, . ,
, qarts,
/qirts/ , .
/hrita/,
charta,
.
/hubz/ . hubst , hbz
().
, -,
.
/hata/ , . ,
. , ,
hty.
/hamr/ . ,
hamr,
.
(. /himr/ , ).
/hiyr/ . , .
yr.
/darw/ . ,
, darvi.
/hayma/ , , (?).
haymt, .
/dwd/ . Dawi.
/drs/ , .
. dr
; ,
.
-
/dirham/ . .
darahm,
dram ~ dram.
/dustr/ .
, .
dastur.
/daftar/ . daftar ,
,
.
/dn/ , ; /yawmu-d-dn/ .
, , dn ,
, (. hamdn
, dnk ), dan.
/yawmu-d-dn/ dn,
.
/dwn/ , , . dwn,
,
, , .
*dipivahanam, .
/rabb/ , . rbb
, . (.
rab , )
, , -,
. , , ,
.
/ribh/ . , : rbh
(rbhaki
, rbah etc.).
/ar-rahmn/ ( ).
Rahman ; Rahman
. ,
rhm , , ,
.
/rizq/ . ,
. rik,
r , .
rzq, .
-
/rummn/ . .
rmn, .
,
, .
/zu/ , /zua/ .
zt z , .
/zahraf/ . ,
zhr, , .
/zarfa/ . -,
zurnp ( , zurn
, p ). ,
zarnf.
/zanabl/ . singavr
, singivra .
/ziniyy/ , . zang
, zangg .
/zaw/ ; . , ,
zawg.
, > .
/zawr/ . , zr (.
zrguksh ).
/zayt/ , /zaytn/ (?).
, ,
.
( zayt, et, zait);
-
; , ,
, ,
.
/sa/ .
a , ,
. ,
,
, .
.
/sabt/ . , ,
abba.
-
/subhn/ , /sabbaha/ , . sbh
; ,
: , ,
. subhan
tasbh, /subhn/ /tasbh/.
/sud/ , . ,
:
sgd .
, , .
/suuq/ . sucuk .
/siill/ . ,
sigillum .
/shr/ , .
/shir/ , -, shiru
.
,
.
/sir/ . -,
ir , ir.
.
/sirdb/ . sardb
.
/sirwl/ , . /sirbl/.
( alwr),
, -, arbl.
/satr/ . -, tr
(. atr ), , ,
atru. ,
.
/sifr/ ().
( ) , .. , .
sfr; , ,
sefr.
/safna/ (?). spn ,
. sfn.
-
, ,
.
/sukkar/ . akkar,
, , arkar
; .
/skn/ , (?).
s- .
; ,
kn
aknu .
/sikkn/ . ,
sakkn , sakkn.
/salm/ . lm
/. ,
-
.
alm , /as-salmu
alaykum/.
/sultn/ . , .
, , .
lt . , , ,
( altu ,
lt , ). ,
, , ,
.
.
/sullam/ . , ..
.
slm , , ,
.
/sulaymn/ .
. ,
lm lmn.
/sanb/ .
sanb.
/sq/ . , q ,
, squ .
-
swq, . -,
,
.
/ibi/ . evid, ,
, ,
(
yd).
/araf/ . araf, ,
, dar e-ab,
.
/atran/ . atrang
aturanga , .
/sbn/ . sapo
.
/sirt/ . strata . -
, estrt.
/salb/ . , slv.
, -,
alip.
/sal/ . ,
sl .
/sundq/ , .
sandk, ( ) ,
,
.
/sanam/ . ,
sanam,
salm- (. salmu , /slm/ ).
-l- > -n-
,
(. snm). ,
()
/waan/ .
/swm/ .
swm cwm . -
-
(com ) (. som ).
/tbr/ . , tabur
(
).
/tb/ , /tba/ .
tb , .
, ,
fal (-, ),
tv.
/tabl/ . . ,
- - (, : . tavl ,
). tabil (.
tabir ).
/tilasm/ , .
; .
/tba/ . tob , ,
, bt
.
/tn/ . ,
( tn). ,
tna , .
/lam/ , . ,
lm, ,
.
/lamn/, lmm.
/adan/ , . en , ,
, eden ; .
/askar/ , . .
exercitus , .
lakar .
/ifrt/ , . ,
.
frtan (. frid) , .
.
-
/s/ .
. .
/ms/ . ,
aw ,
.
/firdaws/ . ,
pairidaza
( ).
pardays.
/furn/ . furnum
.
/filfil/ . pelpel p-
(.
pippali ).
/fann/ . pand,
; ,
, .
/finn/ , .
, .
pengn.
/funduq/ . .
(, pundq)
.
/fl/ . pold,
plwad . -,
pl.
/fl/ (?). ,
(. pil, plu,
pru ~ plu).
/qms/ . ,
.
.
/qnn/ . .
/al-qurn/ (?). /qr/
, , , ,
. ,
-
qeryn (
).
/qurbn/ . ,
,
qorbn. qrb
, , .
/qirmiziyy/ , .
, kermest
, .
krmia .
/qisss/ .
qi , , ,
, .
/qasr/ , . .
, qasr
castrum .
/qufl/ , (?). qfl
.
/qalam/ ; , . , ,
, > . ,
, klm.
/qams/ . ,
camisia , .
( ) .
/qandl/ , . qandl
candela .
/qiyma/ . /qwm/
,
. , /qiyma/
qiym.
/ktb/ . ,
. ,
, , ,
ktb .
, , ,
.
-
/kursiyy/ .
.
krsiy.
/kfr/ , , .
kfr , .
/ , -
. , ,
bi-.
/kanz/ . ,
gan , ,
( , gani,
gazz, gnez). .
/kahrab/ . kahrob,
, electr-,
( kahruby
).
/kubr/ . kpr c
.
/mida/ .
, .
mad,
.
/maal/ . /ml/ , ,
. , ,
, maal
mal.
/maryam/ . - :
Marym ,
.
/masid/ (?). masgi
.
/miskn/ , . -,
mikn , , ,
muknu ; , .
/mash/ . msh , ,
Mh, Mah
, .
-
/malak/ . malax .
, , mlk,
mlakt,
/malika/.
, ,
.
/malakt/ , . -t,
(
malk).
/ms/ .
M. ,
M.
/nabiyy/ . ,
nviyy , nav.
nb ,
.
/nabiyyn/,
nvm.
/nab/ . . ,
nipta
.
/nasrniyy/ . , ,
Nacra,
ncrm nsriyye,
, .
/nh/ . Nah, ,
Nh.
/hrn/ . Aharn; ,
, Harn.
/haw/ . hav ,
( . hava ),
hvayv, .
/haykal/ . -,
haykl , , ekallu
egal , .
/warda/ . .
vara,
-
, vard, ward
rosa.
/wazr/ , . , .
vira .
/ysmn/ . ysamin ~
ysaman.
/yqa/ . yaka,
.
/yahy/ . . ,
Yhannn.
/yaqn/ . yqn
. , -
yqn , yqn ,
, , .
/ysuf/ . Ysf
, Yawsef.
/ynus/ . Yn; -s
Ynes, .