living sensationally with dementia understanding how · pdf filepatterns of sensory processing...
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Living sensationally with dementia – understanding how we use our senses.
Dr Lesley Collier Senior Lecturer in Occupational Therapy
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Problems experienced by people with dementia
• Poor concentration
• Restlessness / wandering
• Shouting out
• Aggressive behaviour
• Lost and disorientated
• Unable to do everyday activities or hobbies they used to enjoy
• Unhappy / depressed
• Anxious
• Difficulty following simple instructions
• Memory loss
• Loss of ability to interact socially
• Physically frail
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Sensory challenges
Person
Taking sensory information
Just right challenge
Environmental demand
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Environmental demand
Sensory imbalance
Brain Behavioural
Low-levels Sensory Of deprivation stimulation
Difficulty processing
Agitation Decline in activities of daily living Decline in social functioning
High-levels Stress Of stimulation threshold exceeded
Dem
entia
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Interpreting sensory information
Sensory intake
Brain figures out
what it means
Brain works out what to do
Using past experience
and memory
Feedback – from others
Attention
Arousal
Using your senses
Motivation and drive
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How we respond to sensory information
Dunn, 2002
Sensory processing patterns are based on how our brains react to sensory stimulation and how we responds to that input.
Nervous system thresholds – thresholds for responding to stimulation based on sensory preference
Self regulation strategies - what we do to actively management that sensory input
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Patterns of sensory processing assessed by the Sensory Profile
Responding strategies
Threshold / reactivity Passive Active
High threshold with low reactivity
Low registration (Bystander) Does not notice sensory events or is slow to respond
Sensory seeking (Seeker) Looks for sensory experiences
Low threshold with high reactivity
Sensory sensitivity (Sensor) Readily notices sensory stimuli, may be distracted by them
Sensory avoider (Avoider) Deliberately acts to reduce or prevent exposure to sensory stimuli
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Strategies - Sensory seeker
• Sight – Bright lights, coloured objects to draw attention
• Sound – Have the radio / TV, faster tempo music
• Touch – Rummage boxes, things to interact with
• Taste – Spicy foods, hot and cold, sweet/ sour / bitter/ salt
• Smell – Citrus / peppermint
• Movement – walks, active activities
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Think about how we respond to each of our senses
• Sight - visual
• Sound - Auditory
• Touch - Somatosensory / vibration
• Taste - Gustatory and texture
• Smell - Olfactory
• Movement - Vestibular / proprioception
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Strategies - Low registration
• Sight – Bright lights, coloured objects to draw attention BUT use judiciously to draw attention
• Sound – Alarms, bleepers to alert
• Touch – Rummage boxes, things to interact with
• Taste – Spicy foods, hot and cold, sweet/ sour / bitter/ salt
• Smell – Citrus / peppermint
• Movement – walks, active activities
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Strategies - Sensory avoider / sensitivity
• Sight – Low level lighting
• Sound – Quiet or self selecting especially when doing something
• Touch – Avoid random stimulation (labels / tags)
• Taste – Familiar, be aware of textures
• Smell – Floral, sandlewood, familiar, orientating
• Movement – gentle, linear activities
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Thank you for listening
Any questions