living and working conditions during the industrial revolution
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
![Page 2: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION• The Industrial Revolution began in the 18 th century and
lasted until the mid 19th century.
• Before this time, every product was made by hand.
![Page 3: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
BEFORE THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
• At this time, people produced their own food, clothes, tools, etc… Production was very inefficient
• The working man was lucky to own two shirts.
![Page 4: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
1760• The Industrial Revolution began in the year 1760
when the textile industry was transformed by the invention of machines.
• Production became efficient and cost-effective.
![Page 5: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
• A lot more than just the textile industry changed. For example, agriculture, transportation, and manufacturing in general were transformed.
![Page 6: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
INCREASING URBANIZATION• As factories grew, more workers were needed for
production.
• As jobs were created, more and more people left their rural farms and moved to the city to work in the factories.
![Page 7: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
WORKERS• Since the work was abundant, these factories
employed men, women and children of all ages.
![Page 8: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
WORKING CONDITIONS• Workers were expected to work 16 to 18 hours a day, seven
days a week.
• Wages were very low: less than a pound for men, 10 shillings for women, and 3 shillings for children.
• This is equivalent to: 320 Euros per year, or 0,08 cents per day.
![Page 9: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
WORKING CONDITIONS• On any given day, there could be more than 500 workers in a
factory so the environment was hot, noisy, full of steam, fumes and dust.
• Sanitary conditions were also terrible. There was no clean water and toilets were often a hole in the ground.
• Work-related accidents were common and the workers received no compensation.
• Triangle Shirt Factory fire killed
114 workers.
![Page 10: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
CHILD LABOUR• During the Industrial Revolution children constituted 2/3 of the
working force in England and Scotland.
• They were expected to work as long as adults
• They were paid significantly less than adults
• They performed dangerous jobs such as climbing the machines to unblock them or going into narrow spaces to collect coal.
CHEAP LABOUR
![Page 11: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
CHILD LABOUR• Children worked in extremely unsanitary
conditions
• They were often beaten by other workers.
![Page 12: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
FACTORY ACT
• Although the factories claimed that they were providing jobs for the poor, eventually the government intervened and passed the Factory Act in 1844.
• This law established that children had to be 9 years or older to work and they could only work 12 hours a day.
![Page 13: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
LIVING CONDITIONS FOR WORKERS
• As a result from the fumes and dust that workers often inhaled for many hours a day, chest illnesses were common.
• Houses and apartments were not properly conditioned to be lived in and they were also very expensive.
![Page 14: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
LIVING CONDITIONS FOR WORKERS
• There was no proper sewage systems in either the working places or the living spaces so diseases like cholera, typhoid, and tuberculosis rapidly spread.
• During the 19th century, 10.000 people died from cholera and 60.000 died from tuberculosis.
• The life expectancy dropped drastically
• In London people were expected to live only 37 years.
• Twenty five percent of children died before they were five years old.
![Page 15: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
TODAY• The International Labour Organization estimates that
215 million children between the ages of 5 and 17 are working under conditions that are considered illegal, hazardous, or extremely exploitative.
![Page 16: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES• Of the estimated 215 child labourers around the globe:
approximately 114 million (53%) are in Asia and the Pacific; 14 million (7%) live in Latin America; and 65 million (30%) live in sub-Saharan Africa.
• Agriculture, manufacturing, mining, domestic service, prostitution, etc.
![Page 17: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
WHAT CAUSES CHILD LABOUR?• Poverty
• Free education is limited• Existing laws are violated
![Page 18: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENTAL RISK FACTORS
• Greater risk of hearing loss
• Smaller size
• Development of organs and tissues
• Lower heat tolerance
• Higher chemical absorption rates
![Page 19: LIVING AND WORKING CONDITIONS DURING THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION](https://reader037.vdocuments.mx/reader037/viewer/2022102809/56649d8e5503460f94a77da5/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Think about the Industrial Revolution and the world today….
Why do we still have child labour?