lithosphere: crust and solid upper mantle. asthenosphere: plastic, movable part of the mantle. outer
TRANSCRIPT
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PLATE TECTONICS
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THE MAIN LAYERS OF THE EARTH
Lithosphere: Crust and solid upper mantle.
Asthenosphere: Plastic, movable part of the mantle.
Outer
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WHY CRUST MOVES:
Heat from the inner core cause convection currents to flow within the asthenosphere.
Rising currents cause plates to move apart
Sinking currents cause plates to come together.
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DIVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARIES
Location where two plates are moving apart
Diverging plates cause rift valleys to form
Examples (Mid-Atlantic Ridge and East Pacific Rise, East African rift valley)
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CONVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARIES
There are 3 types of converging Plate boundaries (continent-ocean, ocean-ocean, continent-continent)
Converging plate boundaries create mountains, volcanoes, and deep trenches to form
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TRANSFORM PLATE BOUNDARIES
These boundaries occur when plates are forced to slide past one another
The average rate of movement is 5 cm per year
Some spots have not moved for centuries
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PASSIVE PLATE BOUNDARIES:
- Occur where ocean crust and continental crust meet but do not subduct.