liquefied petroleum gases. hazards of lp gas v flammable v asphyxiant 1a
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Liquefied Liquefied Petroleum GasesPetroleum Gases
Hazards of LP gasHazards of LP gas
FlammableFlammable
AsphyxiantAsphyxiant
1a
Hazards of LP gasHazards of LP gas
Can freeze tissue on contactCan freeze tissue on contact
Exposure limitsExposure limits• Butane - 800 ppmButane - 800 ppm• Propane - 1000 ppmPropane - 1000 ppm
1b
Hazards of LP gasHazards of LP gas
Container markingsContainer markings• Markings to identify complianceMarkings to identify compliance• Name and address of supplier on Name and address of supplier on
containercontainer• Water capacity of the containerWater capacity of the container• Designed pressure in psigDesigned pressure in psig
1c
Hazards of LP gasHazards of LP gas
Container markingsContainer markings• WordingWording• Tare weightTare weight• Markings indicating maximum fill Markings indicating maximum fill
levellevel• Outside surface area in square feetOutside surface area in square feet
1d
Storage and handling Storage and handling requirementsrequirements
OdorizationOdorization
Containers, equipment, systems Containers, equipment, systems must be DOT-approvedmust be DOT-approved
Welding procedures Welding procedures for containersfor containers
2a
Location of containers and Location of containers and regulation equipmentregulation equipment
Containers and first-stage Containers and first-stage equipment must be located equipment must be located outside of buildingsoutside of buildings
Location of containers with Location of containers with respect to respect to nearest nearest important important buildingbuilding
3a
Location of containers and Location of containers and regulation equipmentregulation equipment
Containers installed for use cannot Containers installed for use cannot be stackedbe stacked
Ignitable materials within 10 feet Ignitable materials within 10 feet of containers must be removedof containers must be removed
3b
Location of containers and Location of containers and regulation equipmentregulation equipment
Minimum separation distancesMinimum separation distances
Use dikes, diversion curbs, grading Use dikes, diversion curbs, grading to prevent accumulation of to prevent accumulation of flammable liquidsflammable liquids
3c
Location of containers and Location of containers and regulation equipmentregulation equipment
LPG containers cannot be located LPG containers cannot be located in diked areas for flammable liquid in diked areas for flammable liquid tankstanks
3d
Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices
Valves, fittings, and accessories Valves, fittings, and accessories connected directly to the container connected directly to the container must be rated to a working must be rated to a working pressure of 250 p.s.I.g.pressure of 250 p.s.I.g.
Must be suitable for LP-gas service Must be suitable for LP-gas service - can’t be made of cast iron- can’t be made of cast iron
4a
Connections to containers must Connections to containers must have shutoff valveshave shutoff valves
Piping must be wrought iron or Piping must be wrought iron or steel, brass, copper, aluminum steel, brass, copper, aluminum alloyalloy
Piping must met ANSI standardsPiping must met ANSI standards
4b
Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices
Vapor piping and pipe joints must Vapor piping and pipe joints must be suitable for operating pressuresbe suitable for operating pressures
Tubing must be seamlessTubing must be seamless
Fittings must be appropriate for Fittings must be appropriate for the operating pressuresthe operating pressures
4c
Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices
The use of threaded cast iron pipe The use of threaded cast iron pipe fittings is prohibitedfittings is prohibited
Strainers, regulators, meters, Strainers, regulators, meters, compressors, and pumps are not compressors, and pumps are not to be considered pipe fittingsto be considered pipe fittings
4d
Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices
Hose must be made of materials Hose must be made of materials resistant to liquid and vapor LP-gasresistant to liquid and vapor LP-gas
Hose subjected to container Hose subjected to container pressure must be marked “LP-Gas” pressure must be marked “LP-Gas” or “LPG” within 10-foot intervalsor “LPG” within 10-foot intervals
4e
Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices
Hose and hose connections must Hose and hose connections must meet bursting pressure meet bursting pressure requirementsrequirements
Containers and vaporizers must be Containers and vaporizers must be provided with safety relief valvesprovided with safety relief valves
4f
Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices
Safety relief valves must be spring-Safety relief valves must be spring-loaded typeloaded type
Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices
4g
Valves must allow free venting to Valves must allow free venting to the outer air at least 5 feet away the outer air at least 5 feet away from any building openingfrom any building opening
The rate of discharge must meet The rate of discharge must meet the specifications of the regulationthe specifications of the regulation
4h
Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices
Safety relief valves must be Safety relief valves must be marked with information about marked with information about discharge pressures, ratesdischarge pressures, rates
All piping and hose All piping and hose must be tested after must be tested after assemblyassembly
4i
Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, safety devicessafety devices
Vaporizers and vaporizer Vaporizers and vaporizer housingshousings
Indirect-fired vaporizers using Indirect-fired vaporizers using steam or water must meet ASME steam or water must meet ASME codescodes
5a
Vaporizers and vaporizer Vaporizers and vaporizer housingshousings
Vaporizers must be marked withVaporizers must be marked with• code of the construction specificationscode of the construction specifications• allowable working pressure and allowable working pressure and
temperaturetemperature• sum of the outside surface areasum of the outside surface area• inside heat exchange surface areainside heat exchange surface area• name and symbol of the manufacturername and symbol of the manufacturer
5b
Filling densitiesFilling densities
Defined as the percent ratio of the Defined as the percent ratio of the weight of the gas in a container to weight of the gas in a container to the weight of water the container the weight of water the container will hold at will hold at 60 degrees F60 degrees F
6a
Requirements for LPG Requirements for LPG in buildingsin buildings
Restrictions exist for piping vapor Restrictions exist for piping vapor at pressures in excess of 20 p.s.i.g at pressures in excess of 20 p.s.i.g into buildingsinto buildings
Liquid may be permitted in Liquid may be permitted in buildings only when the buildings buildings only when the buildings meet certain construction meet certain construction requirementsrequirements
7a
Transferring liquidsTransferring liquids
One attendant must remain close to One attendant must remain close to the transfer connectionthe transfer connection
The owner of the container must The owner of the container must authorize filling and useauthorize filling and use
““Single-trip containers” and “Non-Single-trip containers” and “Non-refillable containers” can not be refillable containers” can not be refilled or reusedrefilled or reused
8a
Transferring liquidsTransferring liquids
Maintain required distances Maintain required distances between filling point and nearest between filling point and nearest buildingbuilding
Charging and gauging of fuel Charging and gauging of fuel supply containerssupply containers
Maximum vapor pressureMaximum vapor pressure
8b
Transferring liquidsTransferring liquids
Transfer equipmentTransfer equipment
Shutting down equipmentShutting down equipment
Shut down open flames prior to Shut down open flames prior to refuelingrefueling
8c
Loading and unloadingLoading and unloading
Tank car sidings must be levelTank car sidings must be level
““Tank Car Connected” signs must Tank Car Connected” signs must be in place at active endsbe in place at active ends
Block the wheels of the tanks carBlock the wheels of the tanks car
9a
Loading and unloadingLoading and unloading
Have an attendant present at all Have an attendant present at all timestimes
Equipment used during Equipment used during loading/unloadingloading/unloading
9b
Loading and unloadingLoading and unloading
Loading/unloading factorsLoading/unloading factors• Proximity to railroads/highwaysProximity to railroads/highways• Nearby buildingsNearby buildings• Nature of occupancyNature of occupancy• TopographyTopography• Construction typeConstruction type• Number of cars that can be Number of cars that can be
loaded/unloaded at one timeloaded/unloaded at one time• Frequency of loading/unloadingFrequency of loading/unloading
9c
Electrical equipmentElectrical equipment
Must meet requirements of 29 CFR Must meet requirements of 29 CFR 1910 Subpart S1910 Subpart S
Review Table H-28Review Table H-28
Keep open flames away from Keep open flames away from vaporizer rooms, pumphouses, vaporizer rooms, pumphouses, charging roomscharging rooms
10a
Liquid-level gauging Liquid-level gauging devicesdevices
Containers are equipped with a Containers are equipped with a fixed liquid-level gaugefixed liquid-level gauge
Gauges must have a design Gauges must have a design working pressure of 250 p.s.i.g.working pressure of 250 p.s.i.g.
11a
AppliancesAppliances
Appliances must be properly Appliances must be properly converted, adapted, and testedconverted, adapted, and tested
Unattended heaters must have Unattended heaters must have automatic shut off deviceautomatic shut off device
Appliances must be installed in Appliances must be installed in accordance with NFPA standardsaccordance with NFPA standards
12a
Cylinder systemsCylinder systems
Containers must be marked in Containers must be marked in accordance with DOT regulationsaccordance with DOT regulations
13a
Cylinder systemsCylinder systems
Cylinder systems include:Cylinder systems include:• ContainersContainers• Container valvesContainer valves• ConnectorsConnectors• Manifold valve assemblyManifold valve assembly• RegulatorsRegulators• Relief valvesRelief valves
13b
Systems that use other-than-Systems that use other-than-DOT approved containersDOT approved containers
Watch service is necessary for Watch service is necessary for systems that have a water systems that have a water capacity of 2,000 gallons or morecapacity of 2,000 gallons or more
Watch service must be trained in Watch service must be trained in basic LPG requirementsbasic LPG requirements
14a
LPG as a motor fuelLPG as a motor fuel
Passenger-carrying vehicles may Passenger-carrying vehicles may not be fueled with passengers on not be fueled with passengers on boardboard
Industrial trucks with permanently Industrial trucks with permanently mounted mounted containers must containers must be charged be charged outdoorsoutdoors
15a
LPG as a motor fuelLPG as a motor fuel
Shut down engines while fuelingShut down engines while fueling
Secure fuel containersSecure fuel containers
16a
Storage of containers Storage of containers awaiting use or resaleawaiting use or resale
Locate so as to minimize exposure Locate so as to minimize exposure to:to:• excessive rise of temperatureexcessive rise of temperature• physical damagephysical damage• tamperingtampering
Do not locate Do not locate near exits, near exits, stairwaysstairways
17a
LPG systems installationLPG systems installation
Applies to:Applies to:• LPG system installation on vehicles LPG system installation on vehicles
used for commercial and construction used for commercial and construction operationsoperations
• exchangeable container systems with exchangeable container systems with container capacities greater than 105 container capacities greater than 105 pounds water capacitypounds water capacity
• systems using containers systems using containers permanently mounted on vehiclespermanently mounted on vehicles
18a
LPG service stationsLPG service stations
Design pressureDesign pressure
Classification of storage containersClassification of storage containers
19a
LPG service stationsLPG service stations
Container valves, accessories, Container valves, accessories, relief valvesrelief valves
Capacity of liquid containersCapacity of liquid containers
19b
LPG service stations: LPG service stations: installation of storage installation of storage containerscontainers
Minimum distancesMinimum distances
Remove ignitable material within Remove ignitable material within 10 feet of containers10 feet of containers
Separation distancesSeparation distances
19c
Diking, diversion curbs, gradingDiking, diversion curbs, grading
Do not locate LPG containers near Do not locate LPG containers near diked areas for flammable liquid diked areas for flammable liquid containerscontainers
Contraction, expansion, vibration, Contraction, expansion, vibration, settlingsettling
19d
LPG service stations: LPG service stations: installation of storage installation of storage containerscontainers
FlotationFlotation
Aboveground containersAboveground containers
Underground containersUnderground containers
19d
LPG service stations: LPG service stations: installation of storage installation of storage containerscontainers
Protection of container fittings, Protection of container fittings, piping, valvespiping, valves
Transport truck unloading pointsTransport truck unloading points
Equipment used for pumps and Equipment used for pumps and dispensing devicesdispensing devices
19e
LPG service stations: LPG service stations: installation of storage installation of storage containerscontainers
No smoking in fueling areas - post No smoking in fueling areas - post signssigns
Shut off motors when fuelingShut off motors when fueling
Electrical equipment requirementsElectrical equipment requirements
Approved fire extinguishersApproved fire extinguishers
19f
LPG service stations: LPG service stations: installation of storage installation of storage containerscontainers
Summary of main pointsSummary of main points
Hazards of LPGHazards of LPG
Basic requirementsBasic requirements
Equipment and systemsEquipment and systems
Transferring of liquidsTransferring of liquids
20a
Summary of main pointsSummary of main points
Loading/unloading of tank cars and Loading/unloading of tank cars and transport truckstransport trucks
DOT container systemsDOT container systems
Non-DOT container systemsNon-DOT container systems
20b
Summary of main pointsSummary of main points
LPG as motor fuelLPG as motor fuel
Storage of containers awaiting use Storage of containers awaiting use or resaleor resale
LPG installation on commercial LPG installation on commercial vehiclesvehicles
LPG service stationsLPG service stations20c