linux06 nfs

NFSNetwork File System

Jainul A. Musani

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• A Network File System (NFS) allows remote hosts to mount file systems over a network and access those file systems as they are mounted locally.

• NFS operates over TCP/IP network.• NFS enables you to mount a file system on a

remote computer. • Directly access any of the files on that

remote file system

NFS – Network File System2

Example:

if you were using a computer linked to a second computer via NFS, you could access files on the second computer as if they resided in a directory on the first computer.

NFS – Network File System

• This is accomplished through the processes of exporting (the process by which an NFS server provides remote clients with access to its files) and mounting (the process by which file systems are made available to the operating system and the user).


• Access to your NFS server can be controlled by the

/etc/host.allow

and

/etc/hosts.deny


• Being graphical you must have the X-window system running able to use the tool

• Redhat icon

AdministrationServer Setting

NFS


• manually configure in following file…

/etc/exports


The NFS daemons are listedOR

The following RPC processesfacilitate NFS services:


• rpc.nfsd receives NFS requests from remote system

• rpc.mountd performs requested mount & unmount operations

• rpc.portmapper maps remote request to the appropriate NFS daemon


• rpc.rquotad provides user disk quote management

• rpc.statd provides locking services when a remote host reboots.


Currently, there are three versions of NFS...

• NFS version 2 (NFSv2) is older and is widely supported.

NFS Versions11

• NFS version 3 (NFSv3) has more features, including 64bit file handles, Safe Async writes and more robust error handling.

• NFS version 4 (NFSv4) works through firewalls and on the Internet, no longer requires portmapper, supports ACLs, and utilizes stateful operations.

NFS Versions12

• Each relies on Remote Procedure Calls(RPC) and Portmap(also called rpc.portmap).

• An RPC server tells portmap which port will be used and the managed RPC number.

The NFS Protocol13

• A client contacts portmap to get port number of desired server program.

• RPC packets are addressed to the corresponding port

• Use the rpcinfo -p command to obtain details on services

The NFS Protocol14

The NFS Protocol15

Pre-requisists• A Linux server with

IP address 192.168.0.254 and hostname Server

• A linux client with

IP address 192.168.0.1 and hostname Client1

Configure NFS Server16

Pre-requisists• Updated /etc/hosts file on both

Linux system• Running portmap and xinetd

services• Firewall should be off on server


Step – 1:• Three rpm are required to configure nfs

server. nfs, portmap, xinetd

check them if not found then install.


Step – 2:

• Now restart •xinetd and •portmap service


Step – 3:

• To keep on these services after reboot on then via chkconfig command


Step – 4: • After reboot verify their status.

It must be in running condition.


• Step-5 : now create a /data directory and grant full permission to it.


Step – 6:• now open /etc/exports file


Step – 7: • share data folder for the network

of 192.168.0.254/24 with read and write access

Configure NFS Server

Step – 8:save file with :wq and exit

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Step – 9: • now restart the nfs service and

also on it with chkconfig.


With X-WindowsNFS Server Configuration Tool

• Must be running X Windows, have root privileges, and have the system-config-nfs RPM package installed.

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With X-WindowsNFS Server Configuration Tool

To start the application, click on System =>

Administration => Server Settings => NFS.

You can also type the command $system-config-nfs

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Configure NFS Server•Add Share •The General Options tab allows the following •options to be configured:

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Thank You !!

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linux06 nfs

Education

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