Linux Principles And PhilosophyProduced by : Haya Al Jord

What is Linux ?

Linux is a generic term referring to Unix-like graphical user interface (GUI) based computer operating systems.

It is Multi-user.

Today’s Linux World

Improvements in the kernel Improvements in support tools Creation of new support tools Creation of new distributions

Using Open Source Software : Understanding Basic Open Source Principles

Commercial software Shareware software Freeware Open source software

Open source characteristics

Better code More flexibility Lower cost Lack of vendor lock-in

Understanding OS Roles :Understanding Embedded Computers

Cell phones e-book readers DVRs Car computers Appliances

Specific software that’s required on most Linux-based desktop computers includes:

The X Window System GUI (X for short)

A popular desktop environment, such as GNOME, KDE, Xfce, or Unity

A Web browser, such as Mozilla Firefox

An email client, such as Mozilla Thunderbird or Evolution

A graphics editor, such as the GIMP

An office suite, such as OpenOffice.org or the similar LibreOffice

Understanding Server Computers

Server computers can be almost identical to desktop computers in terms of their hardware, although servers sometimes require bigger hard disks or better network connections.

Examples include:

Web servers, such as Apache

Email servers, such as sendmail and Postfix

Databases, such as MySQL

I File servers, such as the Network File System (NFS) or Samba

I Print servers, such as the Common Unix Printing System (CUPS) or Samba

Domain Name System (DNS) servers, such as the Berkeley Internet Name Domain (BIND)

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) servers, such as the Internet Software Consortium’s (ISC’s) dhcpd Time servers, such as the Network Time Protocol (NTP) Remote login servers, such as Secure Shell (SSH) or Virtual Network

Computing (VNC)