life cycle analysis - godrejlawkimmotors.com · h goal and scope –lawkim motors 8 goal better...

LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS

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Life Cycle Analysis2

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What is LCA?

Compiling an inventory of relevant inputs and outputs of a product system

Evaluating the potential environmental impacts associated with those inputs and outputs

Interpreting the results of the inventory analysis and impact assessment phases in relation to the objectives of the study

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LCA is a technique for assessing the environmental aspects and potential impacts associated with a product, by

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Life Cycle stages of Product

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Identifying opportunities to improve the environmental

aspects of products

Taking important Business Decisions

Selection of relevant indicators of environmental performance,

including measurement techniques

Marketing

Why LCA?

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LCA - Steps

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LCA framework - Based on ISO 14040 Standards

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Goal and Scope – Lawkim Motors

8 Goal

Better understand the environmental performance of a hermetic motor related to all life cycle

stages

Product Development and improvement

Strategic Planning

Marketing of the product

The study provides a useful perspective for different stakeholder groups , such as consumers ,

retailers, suppliers of raw materials, media , government agencies and non government

organisations

Scope

Scope of this study was developing a “cradle to grave” LCA of hermetic motors with aluminium

windings

The functional unit considered in the study is 1 unit of hermetic motor which is the basis of

comparison

*Goal and Scope are defined based on discussion of NextGen with Lawkim Motors

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9

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Life Cycle Stages for Lawkim Motors

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Assembly/Manufacturing Packing Transportation Use Phase End of Life

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Raw Materials used and their weight

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Item Weight Source

Copper 0.003 kg/ 1 unit of hermetic motor Data provided by Lawkim Motors

Steel 4.9087 kg/ 1 unit of hermetic motor Data provided by Lawkim Motors

Aluminum 0.477 kg/1 unit of hermetic motor Data provided by Lawkim Motors.

Corrugated Packaging Material 0.196 kg/1 unit of hermetic motor Assumptions :1 box carries 112 stator

and the weight is 14.457kg.

- 1 box carries 520 rotor and the

weight is 35kg.

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12

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Impact Categories

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Global Warming Potential

Acidification Eutrophication Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential

• Impact Categories are identified as per the goal of LCA which was to understand the

environmental performance of a hermetic motor related to all life cycle stages

• The Operations of Lawkim doesn’t contribute much to other major impact categories like

Human Toxicity, Casualities, Noise, Species and Organisms dispersal, Biotic resource

depletion, Abiotic resource depletion etc

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Global Warming Potential - Impacts

14 Increased warming of the troposphere due to anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHG), e.g., from the

burning of fossil fuels

The GWP is calculated in carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2-equivalent). This means that the GWP of

an emission is given in relation to CO2

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Acidification Potential - Impacts

15 The acidification of soils and waters occurs predominantly through the transformation of air pollutants

into acids.

Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide and their respective acids (H2SO4 und HNO3) produce relevant

contributions.

This damages ecosystems, whereby forest dieback is the most well-known impact.

Acidification has direct and indirect damaging effects (such as nutrients being washed out of soils or

an increased solubility of metals into soils). But even buildings and building materials can be

damaged. Examples include metals and natural stones which are corroded or disintegrated at an

increased rate.

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Eutrophication Potential - Impacts

16 Excessive nutrient input into water and land from substances such as phosphorus and nitrogen from

agriculture, combustion processes and effluents

Nitrate at low levels is harmless from a toxicological point of view. However, nitrite, a reaction

product of nitrate, can be toxic to humans at excessive doses.

The EP is calculated in phosphate equivalents (kg N-equivalent)

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POCP – Smog Potential - Impacts

17 Formation of low-level ozone by sunlight instigating the photochemical reaction of nitrogen oxides

with hydrocarbons and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

In LCAs, POCP is referred to in nitrogen oxide equivalents (kg NOx-equivalent).

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Hermetic Motors18

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Hermetic Motors

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Hermetic Compressor Motor typically consist of set of Wound Stator & Rotor without shaft,

motor body end covers and bearings.

There is no standard for size and rating of these motors, though some sizes are regarded as

industry standards.

Hermetic Motor complies to following requirements:

The insulation system is compatible to refrigerants like R22, R134a, R410 and Hydrocarbons,

corresponding lubrication oils.

Motor insulation system has to be very reliable & can sustain continuous temperature of 135

and extreme conditions up 145 for short intervals.

Source : Lawkim Motors

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Hermetic Motor considered for study

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This is a custom designed motor suitable to Godrej Appliances compressors

The motor is suitable for low back pressure compressors of displacement capacities from 6cc

to 11cc

This refrigeration system can use hydrocarbon gas and R134a as refrigerants

These compressors are suitable for Refrigerators of Capacity 100 Litres up to 300 litres

The compressors have very Energy Efficiency Ratio (ratio of Cooling Power & Input

power) to world class levels in each category

These compressors are used in frost free and direct cool refrigerators with various star

ratings


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Process Flow Chart - Stator

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Process Flow chart - Rotor

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Estimation23

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Global Warming Potential

24 Emission Source Emissions in MTCO2 e/Unit Assumptions / Source

Copper 1.2713E-05 www.eurocopper.org

Aluminium 0.011072601 Data from Lawkim

Steel 0.0098174 World Steel Association

Corrugated Packaging Material 0.00011783283 PE Americas and Five Winds International

Inbound Logistics 0.00043549 Data from Lawkim

Lawkim Carbon Footprint 0.00267302 Data from Lawkim

Outbound Logistics 0.00118115 Data from Lawkim

Life of a hermetic motor 4.1250kwh/annum for 20 Years. Data from Lawkim Motors

Reverse Logistics 0.00019664 Data from Lawkim

Recycle of steel scrap -0.007412137

Same material used for mfg is recycled. Source : World

Steel Association

Recycle of Aluminium scrap -0.00332469

Same material used for mfg is recycled. Source : Data

from Lawkim

Recycle of Copper scrap -0.00001467

Same material used for mfg is recycled.Source :

www.eurocopper.org

Recycle of Corrugated Boxes 8.0519E-05

Same material used for mfg is recycle.

Source : PE Americas and Five Winds International

Total 4.11

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GWP – Emission source wise

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Use Phase –

4.1MTCO2e/unit for 20

years.

# This is not to the scale

1.2

7E-

05

0.0

11072601

0.0

098174

0.0

00117833

0.0

0043549

0.0

0267302

0.0

0118115

0.0

0019664

-0.0

07412137

-0.0

0332469

-0.0

0001467

8.0

5E-

05

C OP P ER A L U M I N I U M S TE E L C OR R U GA TED P A C K A G I N G

MA TER I A L

I N B OU N D L OG I S T I C S

L A W K I M C A R B ON

FOOTP R I N T

OU TB OU N D L OG I S T I C S

L I F E OF A H ER MET I C

MOTOR

R EV ER S E L OG I S T I C S

R EC Y C L E OF S T E E L S C R A P

R EC Y C L E OF A L U M I N I U M

S C R A P

R EC Y C L E OF C O P P ER S C R A P

R EC Y C L E OF C OR R U GA TED

B OX ES

GWP – EMISSION SOURCE WISE

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GWP Contribution

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0%

31%

27%

0%

1%

7%

3%1%

-19%

-9%

0%0%

GWP Contribution

Copper Aluminium Steel Corrugated Packaging Material

Inbound Logistics Lawkim Carbon Footprint Outbound Logistics Reverse Logistics

Recycle of steel scrap Recycle of Aluminium scrap Recycle of Copper scrap Recycle of Corrugated Boxes

*Life cycle of a hermetic motor is not considered in the chart

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Acidification Values

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SourceValue in kgSO2e/ 1 unit of

hermetic motorAssumptions / Source

Copper 9.04018E-05

http://www.kupfer-institut.de/lifecycle

(includes value of recycling also)

Aluminium 1.68381 European Aluminium Association


Corrugated Packaging Material 0.104085666 PE Americas and Five Winds International


Same material used for mfg is recycled

Source : World Steel Association

Recycle of Aluminium scrap 0.0399249


Source : European Aluminium Association

Recycle of Corrugated Scrap 0.00


Source : PE Americas and Five Winds

International

Total 1.84

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0.00E+00

2.00E-01

4.00E-01

6.00E-01

8.00E-01

1.00E+00

1.20E+00

1.40E+00

1.60E+00

1.80E+00

2.00E+00


Value in kgSO2e/ 1 unit of hermetic motor

Acidification Values – Emission source wise

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Eutrophication Values

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SourceValue in kgPO4e/ 1 unit of


Copper 5.35713E-06





Corrugated Packaging Material 7.06997E-05 PE Americas and Five Winds International

Recycle of steel scrap -3.34E-04

Same material used for mfg is

recycled.Source : World Steel Association




Recycle of Corrugated Scrap 2.47449E-07



International

Total 1.05E-01

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0.00E+00

2.00E-02

4.00E-02

6.00E-02

8.00E-02

1.00E-01

1.20E-01


Value in kgPO4e/ 1 unit of hermetic motor

Eutrophication Values – Emission source wise

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Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential

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SourceValue in kgethene-e/ 1 unit of


Copper 5.35714E-06





Corrugated Packaging Material 1.12923E-06 PE Americas and Five Winds International



Source : World Steel Association




Recycle of Corrugated Scrap 1.10959E-08



International

Total 1.37E-02

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0.00E+00

2.00E-03

4.00E-03

6.00E-03

8.00E-03

1.00E-02

1.20E-02

1.40E-02


Valu

es

in k

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-e/1 u

nit

of

herm

etic

moto

r

Source

Value in kgethene-e/ 1 unit of hermetic motor

POCP – Emission source wise

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Interpretation and Recommendations

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The impact assessment shows the main environmental impact on the life cycle of the hermetic

motor is caused by Aluminium and electricity during operation

It also shows the importance of recycling and waste treatment

It is also crucial that the electricity used in manufacture is as environment friendly as possible

Customers should be encouraged to use environmentally friendly electricity such as use of

renewable energy sources

There are several questions regarding possible improvements, such as :

Are there any environment friendly alternatives to Aluminium wires ?

Is there anything which can be done in design phase to reduce the electricity consumption

of the motor as the major impact comes from usage phase ?

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References35

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Copper Wire – LCA Results - GWP

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The environmental profile of copper products by

European Copper Institute www.eurocopper.org

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Copper Wire – Acidification Potential

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Copper Wire - POCP

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Steel – Hot Rolled Coil - GWP

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World Steel Association : LCI Data for steel

products by Dr. Peter Hodgson , Tata Steel

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Steel – Hot Rolled Coil - Acidification

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Steel – Hot Rolled Coil - Eutrophication

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Steel – Hot Rolled Coil - POCP

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Corrugated Packing - GWP

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Corrugated Packaging

Life Cycle Assesment

Summary Report ,

Prepared for


Alliance , Prepared by

PE Americas and Five

Winds International.

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Corrugated Packing – Acidification Potential

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Summary Report ,

Prepared for





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Corrugated Packing – Eutrophication Potential

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Summary Report ,

Prepared for





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Corrugated Packing - POCP

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Summary Report ,

Prepared for





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Declaration from NextGen

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The study is carried out according to ISO 14040

Emission Factors used are from

DEFRA

US EPA

CEA

ARAI

GWP , Acidification , Eutrophication and POCP as impact categories are considered in this report

This is a draft presentation

Data for estimation is collected for CY 2013

85% of Lawkim’s major customer (Godrej Appliances) requirement is met with Aluminum winding wires, so this report is only for hermetic motors with Aluminum winding wires

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Golden Peacock Award48

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GPA – Overview

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The only award, which has meticulously defined and transparent selection criteria and is

determined by a highly elaborate and independent assessment process.

The award builds your BRAND EQUITY and worldwide recognition.

Award winners are eligible to use the Golden Peacock Awards LOGO on all promotional

literatures.

Preparation for award application helps to inspire and align the entire workforce and

rapidly accelerates the PACE OF SYSTEM IMPROVEMENT.

Even, if you don’t win the award, the PREPARATION & FEEDBACK helps your strategic

learning process to put you, on your way to achieving world-class status.

Application Details : Large & Small and Medium Enterprises fees Rs. 39,500/- + 12.36% Service Tax as applicable

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Timeline for GPA

50 S. No Category Name of Award

Last-Date for

submission

(Tentative)

Date of Result

announcement

( Tentative )

Awards ceremony (Tentative )

1 NATIONAL Golden Peacock HR Excellence Award 10-Dec-2014

20-Dec-2014

Awards presentation during the

9th International Conference on Corporate

Social Responsibilityon

19-20 January 2015 Mumbai East (India)

2 NATIONALGolden Peacock Award for Corporate Social

Responsibility10-Dec-2014

3 GLOBALGolden Peacock Global Award for Corporate Social

Responsibility10-Dec-2014

4 NATIONAL Golden Peacock National Quality Award 28-Feb-2015

20-Mar-2015

Awards presentation during

25th World Congress on Total Quality &

Leadership

on

29 - 30 April 2015, Dubai (UAE)

5 NATIONAL Golden Peacock National Training Award 28-Feb-2015

6 NATIONAL Golden Peacock Innovative Product/ Service Award 28-Feb-2015

7 NATIONAL Golden Peacock Environment Management Award31-May-2015

10-June-2015

Awards presentation during the17th World

Congress on Environment Management

on

11 - 12 July 2015, New Delhi (India)

8 NATIONALGolden Peacock Occupational Health and Safety

Award

31-May-2015

9 NATIONAL Golden Peacock Eco-Innovation Award31-May-2015

10 NATIONAL Golden Peacock Business Excellence Award10-Jul-2015

20-Jul-2015

Awards presentation during the "Global Summit

on Business Excellence", on

21st August 2015, Ahmedabad, Gujarat (India)

11 NATIONALGolden Peacock Award for Excellence in Corporate

Governance05-Sep-2015

15-Sep-2015

Awards presentation during the

London Global Convention

2015 incorporating 15th International

Conference on Corporate Governance &

Sustainability

in 7 -9 October 2015 in London (UK)

12 GLOBALGolden Peacock Global Award for Excellence in

Corporate Governance05-Sep-2015

13 NATIONAL Golden Peacock Award for Sustainability 05-Sep-2015

14 GLOBAL Golden Peacock Global Award for Sustainability 05-Sep-2015

15 NATIONAL Golden Peacock Innovation Management Award 05-Sep-2015

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Process

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Site Visit: These are organized to verify that written submission truly reflects organization’s system and process, and to investigate areas that may be difficult to describe in a short document, and to determine additional facts where appropriate.

Finalists: In case of well contested important awards, the jury may only short list the finalists for a closer look by another committee. In that case, the finalist organizations are invited to make brief public presentations, highlighting their major initiatives and achievements in that field and reply to any clarifications required by the final independent jury, before the winners are announced.

Feed Back Report: At the conclusion of the evaluation process, a written report incorporating the evaluators’ assessment of organization’s performance against the GPA Framework is forwarded. This report is written in terms of strengths and opportunities for improvement against the assessment criteria.

Presentation of Awards: The presentation of awards is normally held during national and international conferences organized by the IOD. All organizations are encouraged to publicize their achievements and to share their experiences with others.

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GPA - Panel of Judges

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Thank You

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life cycle analysis - godrejlawkimmotors.com · h goal and scope –lawkim motors 8 goal better...

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