Life Boot Camp5.8A

Differentiate between weather and climate.

STAAR 2013 #37; RC 3; Supporting

1. Which of these described climate rather than weather?

A. Wind speed is changing as storm moves through an area.

B. The temperature is decreasing in a slow-moving cold front.

C. Annual high temperatures in the summer have increased over many decades.

D. The rainfall during one year was greater than the rainfall during the following year.

STAAR 2013 #37; RC 3; Supporting

1. Which of these described climate rather than weather?

A. Wind speed is changing as storm moves through an area.

B. The temperature is decreasing in a slow-moving cold front.

C. Annual high temperatures in the summer have increased over many decades.

D. The rainfall during one year was greater than the rainfall during the following year.

TAKS Study Guide, #33

2. One reason that trees rarely grow at the top of high mountains is that high mountain peaks —

A are usually covered by thick grassesB are home to many grazing animalsC tend to be very cold for most of the yearD often receive a large amount of rainfall

TAKS Study Guide, #33

2. One reason that trees rarely grow at the top of high mountains is that high mountain peaks —

A are usually covered by thick grassesB are home to many grazing animalsC tend to be very cold for most of the yearD often receive a large amount of rainfall

3. Which of the following has the greatest influence on the temperature of a land area?

A The amount of organic material in the soilB The amount of clouds over the regionC The amount of solar energy received dailyD The distance of the area from an ocean

3. Which of the following has the greatest influence on the temperature of a land area?

A The amount of organic material in the soilB The amount of clouds over the regionC The amount of solar energy received dailyD The distance of the area from an ocean

4. Which of the following statements BEST explains why the climate is warmer at the equator than at the North Pole?

A The equator has a larger surface area than the North Pole.B The equator is closer to the Sun than the North Pole.C The equator receives more direct sunlight than the North Pole.D The equator has more hours of daylight per year than the North Pole.

4. Which of the following statements BEST explains why the climate is warmer at the equator than at the North Pole?

A The equator has a larger surface area than the North Pole.B The equator is closer to the Sun than the North Pole.C The equator receives more direct sunlight than the North Pole.D The equator has more hours of daylight per year than the North Pole.

5. The condition of the atmosphere over a short period of time is called—

A climateB pressureC humidityD weather

5. The condition of the atmosphere over a short period of time is called—

A climateB pressureC humidityD weather

6. Climate is—

A the condition of the atmosphere outside at any given timeB the average of all weather conditions in an area over a long period of time.C the continuous movement of water between the air, land, and water.D a measure of how hot or cold the air is.

6. Climate is—

A the condition of the atmosphere outside at any given timeB the average of all weather conditions in an area over a long period of time.C the continuous movement of water between the air, land, and water.D a measure of how hot or cold the air is.

7. Clouds, rain, air temperature, and wind are all part of the Earth’s—

A atmosphereB hemisphereC weatherD rotation

7. Clouds, rain, air temperature, and wind are all part of the Earth’s—

A atmosphereB hemisphereC weatherD rotation

8. What causes seismic waves (tsunami's)?

A Earthquakes in the mountainsB Earthquakes on or under the ocean floorC Large amounts of wind from big stormsD The eruption of a large volcano

8. What causes seismic waves (tsunami's)?

A Earthquakes in the mountainsB Earthquakes on or under the ocean floorC Large amounts of wind from big stormsD The eruption of a large volcano

9. The pull of gravity from the moon and the sun is responsible for making the water level of the oceans rise and fall. This is known as—

A tidesB water depthC seismic wavesD water currents

9. The pull of gravity from the moon and the sun is responsible for making the water level of the oceans rise and fall. This is known as—

A tidesB water depthC seismic wavesD water currents

10. A sudden change in wind direction, air temperature, and cloud cover most likely signals a change in —

A climateB landformsC seasonsD weather

10. A sudden change in wind direction, air temperature, and cloud cover most likely signals a change in —

A climateB landformsC seasonsD weather

11.

11.

12. Clouds are formed when— A the air is too dryB moist air rises and is cooledC the weather is very hotD the wind blows too hard

12. Clouds are formed when— A the air is too dryB moist air rises and is cooledC the weather is very hotD the wind blows too hard

13.

13.

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14.

15. Above a continent, a warm air mass slowly passes over a cold air mass. As the warm air begins to cool, clouds form. What will MOST LIKELY happen next?

A Rain will fall.B Hurricanes will form.C Lightning will strike.D Hail will form.

15. Above a continent, a warm air mass slowly passes over a cold air mass. As the warm air begins to cool, clouds form. What will MOST LIKELY happen next?

A Rain will fall.B Hurricanes will form.C Lightning will strike.D Hail will form.

16. The clouds in Earth’s atmosphere are made primarily of which substance?

A OxygenB WaterC DustD Ozone

16. The clouds in Earth’s atmosphere are made primarily of which substance?

A OxygenB WaterC DustD Ozone

17. Which weather event usually includes heavy precipitation, strong winds, and surface air temperatures below 0°C?

A SnowstormB HurricaneC ThunderstormD Tornado

17. Which weather event usually includes heavy precipitation, strong winds, and surface air temperatures below 0°C?

A SnowstormB HurricaneC ThunderstormD Tornado

18. Which process must occur for clouds to form?

A ErosionB ConductionC CondensationD Precipitation

18. Which process must occur for clouds to form?

A ErosionB ConductionC CondensationD Precipitation

19. Windy, cloudy, rainy, and cold are words that help describe—

A evaporationB depositionC matterD weather

19. Windy, cloudy, rainy, and cold are words that help describe—

A evaporationB depositionC matterD weather

20. Which of the following is NOT caused by weather?

A VolcanoesB ErosionC HurricanesD Flooding

20. Which of the following is NOT caused by weather?

A VolcanoesB ErosionC HurricanesD Flooding

21.

21.

22. During most of the year, the air over Houston, Texas, contains a high amount of moisture. Which of the following BEST explains why there is a high amount of moisture in the air?

A Houston is close to the Gulf of Mexico.B Houston is at a low elevation.C Houston is near many mountains.D Houston is not too far from the equator.

22. During most of the year, the air over Houston, Texas, contains a high amount of moisture. Which of the following BEST explains why there is a high amount of moisture in the air?

A Houston is close to the Gulf of Mexico.B Houston is at a low elevation.C Houston is near many mountains.D Houston is not too far from the equator.

23. How does the sun affect the winds on the Earth?

A It causes evaporation of water.B It changes the air temperature.C It provides food for green plants.D It warms the magma inside the earth.

23. How does the sun affect the winds on the Earth?

A It causes evaporation of water.B It changes the air temperature.C It provides food for green plants.D It warms the magma inside the earth.

M.S. ?’s

24. A sudden change in temperature can affect current weather conditions in a specific area, whereas changes in average weather conditions over a long period of time result in the area’s –

A. precipitationB. climateC. air massD. global warming

M.S. ?’s

24. A sudden change in temperature can affect current weather conditions in a specific area, whereas changes in average weather conditions over a long period of time result in the area’s –

A. precipitationB. climateC. air massD. global warming

25. One vital piece of weather information scientists collect, record, and analyze is the amount of precipitation an area receives over an extended period of time. This information is used to determine long-term climate patterns within specific biomes. The tool most likely used to measure precipitation is a–

A. thermometerB. triple beam balanceC. rain gaugeD. calculator

25. One vital piece of weather information scientists collect, record, and analyze is the amount of precipitation an area receives over an extended period of time. This information is used to determine long-term climate patterns within specific biomes. The tool most likely used to measure precipitation is a–

A. thermometerB. triple beam balanceC. rain gaugeD. calculator

26. Students observe that there are recognizable patterns in the natural world. To better understand this concept, one group observes and records information on their area’s current weather conditions, while another group researches the climate of the region in which they live. Which of the following questions can best be answered from the contributions of both groups’ investigations?

A. What conclusions can be made when comparing the climate of two different regions?

B. What tools and methods should be used to conduct this investigation?

C. What is the difference between climate and weather?

D. How valid is the information collected on weather and climate?

26. Students observe that there are recognizable patterns in the natural world. To better understand this concept, one group observes and records information on their area’s current weather conditions, while another group researches the climate of the region in which they live. Which of the following questions can best be answered from the contributions of both groups’ investigations?

A. What conclusions can be made when comparing the climate of two different regions?

B. What tools and methods should be used to conduct this investigation?

C. What is the difference between climate and weather?

D. How valid is the information collected on weather and climate?

27. Meteorologists are scientists who study patterns of change in temperature, precipitation, humidity, and air pressure. Time is spent collecting and recording data to analyze long-term patterns as well as to make predictions of future conditions of the local area. Which of the following are meteorologists investigating to determine average patterns such as those mentioned above, over a long period of time?

A. climateB. temperature changesC. weatherD. hurricanes

27. Meteorologists are scientists who study patterns of change in temperature, precipitation, humidity, and air pressure. Time is spent collecting and recording data to analyze long-term patterns as well as to make predictions of future conditions of the local area. Which of the following are meteorologists investigating to determine average patterns such as those mentioned above, over a long period of time?

A. climateB. temperature changesC. weatherD. hurricanes

28. A student examined the temperature and precipitation on a given day using a thermometer and a rain gauge. The student is measuring –

A. temperature onlyB. climate onlyC. wind speed onlyD. specific weather conditions

28. A student examined the temperature and precipitation on a given day using a thermometer and a rain gauge. The student is measuring –

A. temperature onlyB. climate onlyC. wind speed onlyD. specific weather conditions

29. The average monthly rainfall in the Sahara desert is 1 cm and the average monthly temperature is 35ºC. Which statement correctly describes the Sahara Desert?

A. The Sahara Desert has a cold, dry climateB. The Sahara Desert has a hot, dry climateC. The Sahara Desert has hot, dry weather every dayD. The Sahara Desert has cold, dry weather ever day

29. The average monthly rainfall in the Sahara desert is 1 cm and the average monthly temperature is 35ºC. Which statement correctly describes the Sahara Desert?

A. The Sahara Desert has a cold, dry climateB. The Sahara Desert has a hot, dry climateC. The Sahara Desert has hot, dry weather every dayD. The Sahara Desert has cold, dry weather ever day

30. Which statement is related to climate?

A. The temperature has never dropped below 0ºC in AprilB. The barometric pressure is high todayC. The sky is dark and cloudyD. There is a severe thunderstorm warning for the Dallas area

30. Which statement is related to climate?

A. The temperature has never dropped below 0ºC in AprilB. The barometric pressure is high todayC. The sky is dark and cloudyD. There is a severe thunderstorm warning for the Dallas area

31. In an activity, students look at different climatic regions of the U.S. to determine what types of plants will grow in certain regions. One group chooses to look at a region with heavy annual rainfall and an average annual temperature of 18ºC. Which plant could best be grown in that climatic region?

A. a plant that needs constant sunlightB. a plant that needs constant sunlight and heatC. a plant that needs partial shade and little wateringD. a plant that needs lots of rain and mild air temperatures

31. In an activity, students look at different climatic regions of the U.S. to determine what types of plants will grow in certain regions. One group chooses to look at a region with heavy annual rainfall and an average annual temperature of 18ºC. Which plant could best be grown in that climatic region?

A. a plant that needs constant sunlightB. a plant that needs constant sunlight and heatC. a plant that needs partial shade and little wateringD. a plant that needs lots of rain and mild air temperatures

32. Which statement below best describes weather?

A. Weather is the average temperature of an area over several yearsB. weather is recorded yearlyC. weather changes and is recorded dailyD. weather cannot be predicted

32. Which statement below best describes weather?

A. Weather is the average temperature of an area over several yearsB. weather is recorded yearlyC. weather changes and is recorded dailyD. weather cannot be predicted

33. What is the difference between weather and climate?

A. Weather is measured over a period of years and climate changes dailyB. Weather changes daily and can be predicted, but climate cannot ever be predictedC. Weather cannot be predicted, but climate is certainD. Weather conditions describe how the air feels outside daily; climate is the average weather of an area measured over several years

33. What is the difference between weather and climate?

A. Weather is measured over a period of years and climate changes dailyB. Weather changes daily and can be predicted, but climate cannot ever be predictedC. Weather cannot be predicted, but climate is certainD. Weather conditions describe how the air feels outside daily; climate is the average weather of an area measured over several years

34. The process of the water cycle causes water to evaporate from Earth’s lake, condense, and then fall back to Earth as precipitation. Because of this process, water from Lake Ontario and Lake Erie may one day fall back to Earth as rain in Pennsylvania and New York. Rain falling to Earth after a clear, sunny morning is an example of—

A. a wind speedB. a climate patternC. a change in weatherD. a warming trend

34. The process of the water cycle causes water to evaporate from Earth’s lake, condense, and then fall back to Earth as precipitation. Because of this process, water from Lake Ontario and Lake Erie may one day fall back to Earth as rain in Pennsylvania and New York. Rain falling to Earth after a clear, sunny morning is an example of—

A. a wind speedB. a climate patternC. a change in weatherD. a warming trend

35. Which of the following maps is best for analyzing changes in climatic patterns of diverse ecosystems?

A. a map that shows the climate zones for the continental U.S.B. a map that shows the climate zones for different regions around the worldC. a map that shows the local weather information of a specific areaD. a map that shows the locations of mountains and oceans

35. Which of the following maps is best for analyzing changes in climatic patterns of diverse ecosystems?

A. a map that shows the climate zones for the continental U.S.B. a map that shows the climate zones for different regions around the worldC. a map that shows the local weather information of a specific areaD. a map that shows the locations of mountains and oceans

36. A student made the observation, “The temperature is always hotter during the summer.” What can you conclude from this statement?

A. the weather is always the same during the summerB. a hot climate during the summer is experienced where the student livesC. it does not rain during the summerD. weather is recorded several months at a time

36. A student made the observation, “The temperature is always hotter during the summer.” What can you conclude from this statement?

A. the weather is always the same during the summerB. a hot climate during the summer is experienced where the student livesC. it does not rain during the summerD. weather is recorded several months at a time

37. Based on the information in the table, which month will most likely have the best weather conditions to plan a picnic at the park?

A. MarchB. MayC. JuneD. November

Weather March May June November

Days with precipitation

13 8 4 10

Days without precipitation

18 23 26 20

37. Based on the information in the table, which month will most likely have the best weather conditions to plan a picnic at the park?

A. MarchB. MayC. JuneD. November

Weather March May June November

Days with precipitation

13 8 4 10

Days without precipitation

18 23 26 20

38. A group of students cut out the weather map from the newspaper. The weather forecast predicted a cold front would move through he area. Students were asked to mark the map with the appropriate weather symbol. Which symbol below represents a cold front?

38. A group of students cut out the weather map from the newspaper. The weather forecast predicted a cold front would move through he area. Students were asked to mark the map with the appropriate weather symbol. Which symbol below represents a cold front?

39. What does the “L” symbol on a weather map usually associated with?

A. fair weatherB. good weather with sunny skiesC. clear skiesD. cloudy with chance of precipitation

39. What does the “L” symbol on a weather map usually associated with?

A. fair weatherB. good weather with sunny skiesC. clear skiesD. cloudy with chance of precipitation

40. Observe the weather map above. What type of activity would be most appropriate for people living in the northern part of Oklahoma (the state right above Texas)?

A. watch a movie at homeB. picnic at the parkC. visit to the local zooD. swim at the lake

40. Observe the weather map above. What type of activity would be most appropriate for people living in the northern part of Oklahoma (the state right above Texas)?

A. watch a movie at home (it’s raining!)B. picnic at the parkC. visit to the local zooD. swim at the lake

41. All of the following weather changes can be measured EXCEPT –

A. precipitationB. thermometerC. humidityD. air pressure

41. All of the following weather changes can be measured EXCEPT –

A. precipitationB. thermometerC. humidityD. air pressure

42. The most influential factors affecting weather change in the atmosphere are—

A. clouds and the moonB. air pressure and the sunC. snow and rainfallD. day and night

42. The most influential factors affecting weather change in the atmosphere are—

A. clouds and the moonB. air pressure and the sunC. snow and rainfallD. day and night

43. A weather map may display all of the following information EXCEPT –

A. precipitationB. low pressureC. weather frontsD. seasonal forecast

43. A weather map may display all of the following information EXCEPT –

A. precipitationB. low pressureC. weather frontsD. seasonal forecast

44. Which is used to make forecasts of the weather?

A. Weather mapB. line graphC. pie chartD. diagram

44. Which is used to make forecasts of the weather?

A. Weather mapB. line graphC. pie chartD. diagram

45. Which of the following units of measurement is used when recording temperature?

A. gramsB. centimetersC. CelsiusD. meters

45. Which of the following units of measurement is used when recording temperature?

A. gramsB. centimetersC. CelsiusD. meters

46. Students measured the temperature and recorded the changes over a 5-day period in their science notebooks. Based on the information in the table, what prediction can be made regarding the low temperature on Friday?

A. the low temperature will decreaseB. the low temperature will increaseC. the low temperature wills stay the sameD. the low temperature will become warmer

Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri

High Temp 74 69 65 63 58

Low Temp 57 49 44 38

46. Students measured the temperature and recorded the changes over a 5-day period in their science notebooks. Based on the information in the table, what prediction can be made regarding the low temperature on Friday?

A. the low temperature will decreaseB. the low temperature will increaseC. the low temperature wills stay the sameD. the low temperature will become warmer

Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri

High Temp 74 69 65 63 58

Low Temp 57 49 44 38

47. Based on the information in the table, what hypothesis can be made about the cause of the temperature change?

A. the change in temperature was caused by high windsB. the change in temperature was caused by a cold frontC. the change in temperature was caused by heavy fogD. the change in temperature was caused by a warm front

Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri

High Temp 74 69 65 63 58

Low Temp 57 49 44 38

47. Based on the information in the table, what hypothesis can be made about the cause of the temperature change?

A. the change in temperature was caused by high windsB. the change in temperature was caused by a cold frontC. the change in temperature was caused by heavy fogD. the change in temperature was caused by a warm front

Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri

High Temp 74 69 65 63 58

Low Temp 57 49 44 38

47. What tool was most likely used to gather the data collected in the table?

A. barometerB. anemometerC. thermometerD. rain gauge

Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri

High Temp 74 69 65 63 58

Low Temp 57 49 44 38

47. What tool was most likely used to gather the data collected in the table?

A. barometerB. anemometerC. thermometerD. rain gauge

Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri

High Temp 74 69 65 63 58

Low Temp 57 49 44 38