© 2018

From Technologies to Markets

Market report

LiDAR for Automotive and

Industrial Applications

Challenges and markets opportunities

SAMPLE

2©2018 | www.yole.fr | LiDAR Technologies and Markets | Report

REPORT OBJECTIVES (1/2)

Provide a clear understanding of applications and related technologies

Ecosystem identification and analysis:

• Determine applications range

• Technical market segmentation

• Economic requirements by segment

• Key players by market and analysis

• Market size and market forecast in $M and Munits

Analysis and description of market and technologies involved:

• Major global actors

• Detailed applications per market segment

• Technology identification for different products and processes

• Competing technologies

• Main technical challenges

Ecosystem

Market

Techno

3©2018 | www.yole.fr | LiDAR Technologies and Markets | Report

METHODOLOGIES & DEFINITIONS

Yole’s market forecast model is based on the following elementary structured blocks:

Yole’s analysis framework

4©2018 | www.yole.fr | LiDAR Technologies and Markets | Report

SCOPE OF THE REPORT

Applications

From spaceship docking guidance to consumer handheld products, LiDAR are expanding into new applications.

ADAS: Advanced driver assistance systems

Mobile phones

Out of scope

In scope

Consumer applications of LiDAR are not

addressed in this report. You can refer to our

report on 3D sensing for more information on

this report.

Consumer

Automotive

Industrial Space, scientific,

and military

Planets

Atmosphere

Military

ADAS Robotic cars

Trucks Flying taxis

AR/VR

Robots

Topography Wind

Underwater

5©2018 | www.yole.fr | LiDAR Technologies and Markets | Report

SCOPE OF THE REPORT

Technologies

A strict definition of LiDAR is difficult to obtain. We have limited ourselves to ‘imaging’ LiDAR.

LiDAR

1D 2D/3D

Scanning

Mechanical

Non MEMS

Macro-mechanical scanning

Risleyprisms

Micro-motion

MEMS scanner

Non mechanical

Optical phased array

Electro-optic

Non scanning

Flash LiDAR

AEB: Auto Emergency Braking

MEMS: Micro-Electro Mechanical System

Out of scope

In scope

*except 1D AEB for automotive

6©2018 | www.yole.fr | LiDAR Technologies and Markets | Report

HISTORY OF LiDAR

The invention of the laser allowed for the first development of the LiDAR.

1930 1975 2020

In the 1930’s, EH

Synge conceived the

LiDAR.

In 1960, TH Maiman

conceived the first

laser.

In 1971, the Apollo

15 mission used a

LiDAR to map the

surface of the moon

Space exploration

ArcheologySince the 2000s,

LiDAR have been

used in archeology.

Atmosphere: altitude and spectroscopy

In the 1960s,

atmospheric research

was the first application

of LiDAR.

Topology

Transportation

Industrial robots

Consumer

Wind

The idea of sensing the atmosphere

using light appeared before the

invention of the laser.

Slowly, the LiDAR is spreading

across applications.

7©2018 | www.yole.fr | LiDAR Technologies and Markets | Report

LIDAR: FROM TECHNOLOGIES TO APPLICATIONS

8©2018 | www.yole.f| LiDAR Technologies and Markets | ReportCourtesy of Renishaw.

LIGHT FOR DISTANCE MEASUREMENT

Light is used in several ways to measure distances.

Distance measurement

using light

Laser triangulation

Confocal sensors

Intensity-based

Interferometry

Time of Flight

Pulse

Phase-shift

Frequency modulation

Courtesy of AZO Sensors.

Courtesy of Bestech Australia.

Courtesy of Garry Berkovic, 2012.

Several techniques are available to measure distances

with light. By scanning the measuring system, 2D or

3D images can be obtained.

9©2018 | www.yole.fr | LiDAR Technologies and Markets | Report

LiDAR RANGES

LiDAR span over centimeters to hundreds of kilometers.

Up to 45 m

Underwater

Up to 200 m

Vehicles

Energy Wind

Up to 10 km

Meteorological

Up to 17.5 km

Turbulences

Up to 250 km

Space

Up to 10 m

RobotsUp to 2 m

Consumer

LiDAR ranges in automotive applications

Different LiDAR might happen for different ranges in automotive applications.

Range Technique

Short (up to 10 m) Flash LiDAR

Middle (up to 100 m) 830-940 nm Pulse LiDAR

Long (up to 200 m) 1550 nm Pulse LiDAR

10©2018 | www.yole.fr | LiDAR Technologies and Markets | Report

AUTOMOTIVE LiDAR PLAYERS

MEMS LiDAR Optical-phased

array LiDAR

Multi-channels

Macro-mechanical

scanning

Pulse LiDAR

CW LiDAR

FMCW

Phase shift

Other

mechanical

scanning

Except when noted, wavelength is between 830 nm and 940 nm.

1550 nm

1540 nm

Flash LiDAR

10 µm

1350 nm

1550 nm

CW: Continuous Wave

FMCW: Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave

1550 nm

Most automotive LiDAR players are

considering pulse LiDAR.

11©2018 | www.yole.fr | LiDAR Technologies and Markets | Report

AUTOMOTIVE LiDAR ECOSYSTEM

LiDAR systems Laser sources

Optical elements

Photodetectors

IC

Active players

R&D players

VCSELEEL

MEMS

PD/APD

ADC: Analog Digital Converter

APD: Avalanche Photodiode

EEL: Edge-Emitting Laser

FPGA: Field-Programmable Gate Array

IC: Integrated Circuit

MEMS: Micro-Electro-Mechanical System

PD: Photodiode

SiPM: Silicon Photomultiplier

SPAD: Single-Photon Avalanche Diode

VCSEL: Vertical Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser

SPAD/SiPM

FPGAOptical filters

Optical systems

ADC

Amplifier

18©2018 | www.yole.fr | LiDAR Technologies and Markets | Report

AUTOMOTIVE LiDAR FORECAST BY TECHNOLOGY

13©2018 | www.yole.fr | LiDAR Technologies and Markets | Report

ROBOTIC VEHICLE MARKET TREND

Emergence of the robotic vehicle market

Known facts and a few hypothesis to build 5 years prediction.

14©2018 | www.yole. | LiDAR Technologies and Markets | Report

BIG PICTURE OF LIDAR MARKET OPPORTUNITIES TIMELINE

2022

2027

LiDAR for Robotic vehicle• Public Pod Transport

• Agriculture

• R&D

2017

LiDAR for Autonomous Individual Transport

• Personal vehicle (L4/L5)

LiDAR for Robotized vehicle• Commercial/Goods Transport (Convoy)

• On-demand Taxis (L5)

The LiDAR market is a significant market just starting, but first real implementation should not be where most people think. Due to

high cost of manufacturing, LiDAR ASP will remains high for some years, therefore ROI matters, only commercial applications will have

an interest in this technology to save driver’s cost (i.e. taxis, trucks, buses…)

LiDAR cost

$5000

LiDAR cost

$3500

LiDAR cost

$500

Emerging Technology

(Start-ups)

Full-scale Implementation

(Large groups/New ventures)

Pervasive Technology

(Large Automotive groups)

LiDAR Market size

$300M

LiDAR Market size

$3.5BLiDAR Market size

$11B

15©2018 | www.yole.fr | LiDAR Technologies and Markets | Report

PRIVATE INVESTMENTS IN THE LiDAR INDUSTRY

LiDAR companies have raised more than $800 million in two years.

2016 2017 201820152014

$M 7.0 $M 2.0

$M 0.03

$M 1.8

$M 4

Unknown

$M 9.0

$M 180

$M 16.1

$M 0.3

$M 0.6

$M 150

$M 36

$M 3.5

Total: $M 7

Total: $M 7.8

Total: $M 395

$M 8.0

$M 10.0

$M 36.0

$M 36.0

$M 16.0

$M 22.1

$M 101

$M 50

$M 3.2

$M 74

$M 4.3

$M 27

$M 15

Total: $M 402

Private investments have seen a sharp increase in 2016.

This investment still increased slightly in 2017.

(These data shows only public information.)

$M 18

16©2018 | www.yole.fr | LiDAR Technologies and Markets | Report

M&A IN LiDAR

Acquisitions are taking place in many aspects of LiDAR technology.

• 18/02/2016

2016 2017 2018

• 03/03/2016

• 04/25/2016

• 01/05/2016

• 02/08/2016

• 18/02/2017 $605.3M

• 13/03/2017

• 28/09/2017

• 09/10/2017$36.5M

• 27/10/2017 $52.5M

• 01/12/2017

Black Forest

Engineering

• 12/04/2018

means “bought”.

Time of Flight cameras

Geometric

systems

Automotive

LiDAR

Software vision

solutions

LiDAR company

Automotive

LiDAR

Optical packaging

3D image processing

3D cameras

3D image processing

Automotive LiDAR

Photodetectors

17©2018 | www.yole.fr | LiDAR Technologies and Markets | Report

AUTOMOTIVE LiDAR FORECAST BY TYPE OF VEHICLES

18©2018 | www.yole.fr | LiDAR Technologies and Markets | Report

AUTOMOTIVE LiDAR FORECAST BY TECHNOLOGY