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Licia Verde Hands on cosmology What do we know today

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Page 1: Licia Verde Hands on cosmology - ICCUBicc.ub.edu/~liciaverde/TALKS/handsoncosmo.pdf · MCMC% Sample%the%posterior%distribu8on%(Bayesian)% GOAL: Use%%MCMC%outputs%%used%to%do%acosmological%analysis%of%the%mostrecentdata

Licia Verde

Hands on cosmology

What  do  we  know  today  

Page 2: Licia Verde Hands on cosmology - ICCUBicc.ub.edu/~liciaverde/TALKS/handsoncosmo.pdf · MCMC% Sample%the%posterior%distribu8on%(Bayesian)% GOAL: Use%%MCMC%outputs%%used%to%do%acosmological%analysis%of%the%mostrecentdata

MCMC  

Sample  the  posterior  distribu8on  (Bayesian)  

GOAL:  

Use    MCMC  outputs    used  to  do  a  cosmological  analysis  of  the  most  recent  data  

Find  out  what  we  know,    or  rather,    what  are  the  constraints  on  selected  cosmological  parameters,  within  selected  models  

Page 3: Licia Verde Hands on cosmology - ICCUBicc.ub.edu/~liciaverde/TALKS/handsoncosmo.pdf · MCMC% Sample%the%posterior%distribu8on%(Bayesian)% GOAL: Use%%MCMC%outputs%%used%to%do%acosmological%analysis%of%the%mostrecentdata

Here  they  are:  •  Planck  Legacy  archive    (balance  between  robustness  and  small  errors)  

Decide  what  you  are  interested  in:  LCDM  model  or  simple  extensions:  curvature,  neutrino  families,  neutrino  masses,  dark  energy  proper8es  Decide  which  data  set  combina8on  among  those  available    (I  would  encourage  you  to  cover  all  possible  combina8on  of  data  set/    neutrino  proper8es  so  they  you  can  compare  findings)  

Get  the  posterior  constraints!  And  discuss.    

hQp://pla.esac.esa.int/pla/aio/planckResults.jsp?  

Get  this  

Page 4: Licia Verde Hands on cosmology - ICCUBicc.ub.edu/~liciaverde/TALKS/handsoncosmo.pdf · MCMC% Sample%the%posterior%distribu8on%(Bayesian)% GOAL: Use%%MCMC%outputs%%used%to%do%acosmological%analysis%of%the%mostrecentdata

Here  they  are:  

•  Planck  Legacy  archive    (balance  between  robustness  and  small  errors)  

Decide  what  you  are  interested  in:  LCDM  model  or  simple  extensions:  curvature,  neutrino  families,  neutrino  masses,  dark  energy  proper8es  Decide  which  data  set  combina8on  among  those  available    (I  would  encourage  you  to  cover  all  possible  combina8on  of  data  set/    neutrino  proper8es  so  they  you  can  compare  findings)  

Get  the  posterior  constraints!  And  discuss.    

hQp://pla.esac.esa.int/pla/aio/planckResults.jsp?  

Page 5: Licia Verde Hands on cosmology - ICCUBicc.ub.edu/~liciaverde/TALKS/handsoncosmo.pdf · MCMC% Sample%the%posterior%distribu8on%(Bayesian)% GOAL: Use%%MCMC%outputs%%used%to%do%acosmological%analysis%of%the%mostrecentdata

Anatomy  of  a  chain  output  Weight,  likelihood,  parameter1,  parameter2,  ……….  

To  know  the  order  of  the  parameters  look  at  file  with  extension  “paramnames”  

There  are  8  of  these  ,  just  merge  them,  let’s  call  this  a  “chain”  

By  virtue  of  being  an  MCMC  a  weighted  histogram  for  parameter  x    gives  you  the  marginalized  posterior  for    that  parameter    

Page 6: Licia Verde Hands on cosmology - ICCUBicc.ub.edu/~liciaverde/TALKS/handsoncosmo.pdf · MCMC% Sample%the%posterior%distribu8on%(Bayesian)% GOAL: Use%%MCMC%outputs%%used%to%do%acosmological%analysis%of%the%mostrecentdata

For  neutrino  proper8es  

•  base_nnu:    LCDM+neutrino  mass  •   base_nnu:  LCDM+Neff  as  parameter  •  base_nnu_mnu:  LCDM+Neff+nu  mass  •  base_nnu_yhe:  LCDM+Neff+primordial  Helium  (in  helium  not  fixed  by  BBN)  •  base_mnu_omegak    LCDM+mass  nu+    curvature  

Page 7: Licia Verde Hands on cosmology - ICCUBicc.ub.edu/~liciaverde/TALKS/handsoncosmo.pdf · MCMC% Sample%the%posterior%distribu8on%(Bayesian)% GOAL: Use%%MCMC%outputs%%used%to%do%acosmological%analysis%of%the%mostrecentdata

For  data  combo:  •  Planck_lowl    (Planck  only)  •  Planck_lowl_lowlike  (Planck  +WMAP  polariza8on)    use  this  one  rather  than  the  above  

•  +highL    (includes  ACT  and  SPT  ground  based  data  at  high  l,  useful  for  beQer  foreground  control)  

•  +Lensing:  inlcudes  the  CMB    lensing  signal  from  Planck    •  +BAO  includes  BAO  •  +SNLS  or  Union:  supernovae  data  •  +HST    includes    local  Hubble  constant  measure  •  Post:  the  data  set  has  been    added  via  importance  sampling  

Page 8: Licia Verde Hands on cosmology - ICCUBicc.ub.edu/~liciaverde/TALKS/handsoncosmo.pdf · MCMC% Sample%the%posterior%distribu8on%(Bayesian)% GOAL: Use%%MCMC%outputs%%used%to%do%acosmological%analysis%of%the%mostrecentdata

And  the  result  is….  

Page 9: Licia Verde Hands on cosmology - ICCUBicc.ub.edu/~liciaverde/TALKS/handsoncosmo.pdf · MCMC% Sample%the%posterior%distribu8on%(Bayesian)% GOAL: Use%%MCMC%outputs%%used%to%do%acosmological%analysis%of%the%mostrecentdata

Parameter  constraints:   Neutrino  mass  Planck  collabora8on,  2013,  paper  XVI  

Page 10: Licia Verde Hands on cosmology - ICCUBicc.ub.edu/~liciaverde/TALKS/handsoncosmo.pdf · MCMC% Sample%the%posterior%distribu8on%(Bayesian)% GOAL: Use%%MCMC%outputs%%used%to%do%acosmological%analysis%of%the%mostrecentdata

Parameter  constraints:   Neutrino  species  Planck  collabora8on,  2013,  paper  XVI  

Page 11: Licia Verde Hands on cosmology - ICCUBicc.ub.edu/~liciaverde/TALKS/handsoncosmo.pdf · MCMC% Sample%the%posterior%distribu8on%(Bayesian)% GOAL: Use%%MCMC%outputs%%used%to%do%acosmological%analysis%of%the%mostrecentdata

Parameter  constraints:  

Neutrino  species  and  total  mass  

Page 12: Licia Verde Hands on cosmology - ICCUBicc.ub.edu/~liciaverde/TALKS/handsoncosmo.pdf · MCMC% Sample%the%posterior%distribu8on%(Bayesian)% GOAL: Use%%MCMC%outputs%%used%to%do%acosmological%analysis%of%the%mostrecentdata

With  galaxy  surveys  

@ 95%CL

SDSS BOSS DR9 Wigglez

Riemer-Sørensen et al. 2013 Archidiacono et al 2013

Page 13: Licia Verde Hands on cosmology - ICCUBicc.ub.edu/~liciaverde/TALKS/handsoncosmo.pdf · MCMC% Sample%the%posterior%distribu8on%(Bayesian)% GOAL: Use%%MCMC%outputs%%used%to%do%acosmological%analysis%of%the%mostrecentdata

Neutrino  species  and  total  mass  

Advanced!

Archidiacono et al 2013 arxiv:1307.0637

Page 14: Licia Verde Hands on cosmology - ICCUBicc.ub.edu/~liciaverde/TALKS/handsoncosmo.pdf · MCMC% Sample%the%posterior%distribu8on%(Bayesian)% GOAL: Use%%MCMC%outputs%%used%to%do%acosmological%analysis%of%the%mostrecentdata