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Leukemia By: Kalpana Ganeshan

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WHAT IS LEUKEMIA?

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Leukemia is a cancer of the white blood cells.

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The word Leukemia comes from the Greek word leukos which means "white" and aima which means "blood".

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It is also the most common type of blood cancer.

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What are the different types of Leukemia?

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Acute Leukemia- rapidly growing Chronic Leukemia- Slowly developing

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How does Leukemia harm you?

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Leukemia starts in the bone marrow

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So to get a better understanding of leukemia, let's talk about the bone marrow first.

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The Bone Marrow is soft material in the center of most bones where blood cells are formed (white and red blood cells, platelets).

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Red Blood cells help carry oxygen to the rest of the body White Blood Cells help your body fight infections Platelets help with clotting (when you bleed)

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So what happens when you have Leukemia?

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In Leukemia, the Bone Marrow produces large numbers of abnormal blood cells.

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These abnormal cells look different, and don't function properly.

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This causes lots of problems: - difficulty fighting infection - bleed and bruise easily - bleed a lot when injured - tiredness (due to decrease in oxygen supply)

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It may also affect the liver and spleen.

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Symptoms of Leukemia

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Chronic Leukemia-no symptoms. Usually detected during a routine blood test. Acute Leukemia- may have one or more of the following Symptoms: sickness, headaches, vomiting, confusion, loss of muscle control, or seizures.

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Treatment for Leukemia (treatment may vary by type and severity)

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Watchful waiting: - Only available for people with Chronic Leukemias who haven't experienced symptoms yet - you have regular checkups and wait it out

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Chemotherapy - Uses high doses of drugs to destroy leukemia - Has many side effects and may kill normal cells as well

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Biological therapy: - The usage of drugs that improve bodys natural defense against the disease

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Radiation therapy - Uses high-energy rays to kill leukemia cells - Lots of side affects and may kill normal cells as well

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Stem cell transplant - After destroying cancer cells, infuse blood-forming stem cells into the body (either from yourself or a matching donor)

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Survival rates

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Children: ALL- 90% AML- less than 40% CLL- Not available CML- 70%

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Adults: AML-40% ALL-35% CML-90% CLL- 82%

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Sources: -"KidsHealth." Leukemia. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Aug. 2013. -Nordqvist, Christian. "What Is Leukemia? What Causes Leukemia?" Medical News Today. MediLexicon International, 17 Mar. 2009. Web. 111 Aug. 2013 - "National Cancer Institute." Leukemia Home Page -. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Aug. 2013.

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The End Thank you for watching!