Lessons from experience with Integrating environmental concerns into Strategies and plans

in Myanmar

Lower Mekong Initiative Environment and Water Pillar Training Program workshop on

Strategic Environmental Assessment Bangkok, 24-27 May, 2016

Myanmar Delegates •  Daw Aye Sanda Lwin (Ministry of Planning and Finance) •  U Maung Maung Lwin (Ministry of Planning and Finance) •  Daw Win Win Kyu (Ministry of Electricity and Energy ) •  U Sa Aung Thu (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation) •  Daw Khaing Thandar (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental

Conservation)

Presentation Outlines •  Country profile •  Environmental Policy Guidelines •  National Development Plan •  National Sustainable Development Strategy •  Institutions for Environmental Safeguards •  Environmental Safeguards Policy and Strategy •  Mainstreaming & Challenges •  Way Forward •  SEA initiatives in Myanmar

Country profile

" Tropical monsoon climate

" 2229 km Coastal line

Environmental Policy Guidelines

National Environmental Policy (1994)

v  Environmental protection is should always be the primary

objective in seeking development

v  To achieve harmony and balance between socio-economic,

natural resources and environment through the integration

of environmental considerations into the development

process enhancing the quality of the life of all its citizens.

Environmental Policy Guidance : Environmental conservation

v  To lay down new policy for economic development in parallel with

environmental conservation

v  To review and amend laws and enact new laws on environmental

conservation

v  To conserve forests and biodiversity

v  To reduce Air and water pollution

v  To control of Industrial waste

v  To extend Renewable energy

v  To mobilize participation of people and social organizations

Investment on Policy Guidelines by Myanmar Investment Commission-MIC

To protect our Nationals’ Interests

To safeguard

our Nation’s Dignity

To protect National

Sovereignty

To protect Natural Environment

To lay down new policy for economic d e v e l o p m e n t i n p a r a l l e l w i t h e n v i r o n m e n t a l conservation

National Development Plan

National Development Plan

•  Annual Plan •  Short Term Five Year Plan •  National Comprehensive Development Plan-

NCDP (Long Term Plan)

Formulating by; Planning Department , Ministry of planning and Finance

Long Tern Goal 2 Ensure that inclusive growth and development is people centered

Nation Building

Peace and Stability, National Unity, Security, Independence and Sovereignty

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Long Tern Goal 1 Build a growing diversified and

Sustainable economy

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Principle

Strategic Thrusts

Strategic Goal

Strategic Goal

Myanmar 2030

A Prosperous Nation Integrated into The Global Community

NCDP Strategy Map

National Plan for Rural development and Poverty alleviation

(sixth pillar of NCDP road Map)

NP for RD and PA

Agriculture

Livestock , Breeding and Fishery

Cottage Industry

Micro saving and Credit

Rural Cooperative task

Rural Socio economic

Rural Energy

Environmental Conservation

Conserve and protect the resource base environment (last pillar of NCDP road Map)

Sustainable Environmental Management

Responsible Investments

Resilience to Climate Change

Mitigating Environmental Health Risks

Land Use and Land Ownership

The NCDP provide the framework to build an inclusive

economy of US$180 Billion by

2030

Improves citizen well being and

economic power, establishing a

growth target of US$ 3000 per-

capital

Provides an indicative

accumulative investment

requirement of US$520 billion (2010

to2030)

Set out an ambitious program to systematically increase public

investment into the social fabric to

align between 6% to7% of GDP by

2030

Key Messages of Strategic Goals beyond 2030

Source: Ministry of Planning and Finance

National Sustainable Development Strategy

Social

economicEnvironmen

tal

sustainable

viab

le

Myanmar's NSDS vision is "Wellbeing

and Happiness for Myanmar People".

Three goals identified are:

- Sustainable management of natural

resources;

- Integrated economic development;

and

- Sustainable social development.

NATIONAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY-NSDS

(2009-Aug)

Vision of Myanmar NSDS “ Wellbeing and Happiness for Myanmar People”

3 Goals

Sustainable Management of

Natural Resources

Integrated Economic Development

Sustainable Social Development

Environmental Issues (11 areas)

Economic Issues (9 areas)

Social Issues (6 areas)

Environmental Perspective

(42 Indicators)

Economic Perspective (62 Indicators)

Social Perspective (24 indicators)

The Way Forward

GOAL 1: (Environmental Issues 11 Areas)1. Sustainable Forest Resources Management2. Biodiversity Conservation3. Sustainable Freshwater Resources Management4. Environmental Quality Management and Enhancement5. Sustainable Management of Land Resources6. Sustainable Management of Coastal, Marine and Island

Ecosystems7. Sustainable Management of Eco-Tourism8. Sustainable Management for Mineral Resource Utilization9. Sustainable Management of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries10. Sustainable Energy Production and Consumption11. Sustainable Industrial, Transport and Communication

Development

GOAL 1: Sustainable Management of Natural Resources

GOAL 2: Economic Issues 9 Areas1. Reasonable Macroeconomic Performance2. Sustainable Agricultural Development3. Sustainable Livestock and Fisheries Development4. Sustainable Forest Development5. Sustainable Energy Development6. Sustainable Mining Sector Development7. Sustainable Industrial Development8. Sustainable Transportation and Communication Development9. Sustainable Tourism Development

Goal 2: Sustainable Economic Development

GOAL 3: Social Issues 6 Areas1. Create a Knowledge Based Society2. Vulnerable Group: Women3. Uplift of Health4. Culture5. Social Development and Tourism6. Strengthening Development of Border Areas and National Races

Goal 3: Sustainable Social Development

Institutions for Environmental Safeguards

Institutions for Environmental Safeguards National Environmental Conservation and Climate Change Committee

(New Recruitment)

WC on Policy, Law, Rule, Procedure, standard

WC on Industry, Urban and Rural Development

WC on Natural Resources and Cultural Heritage conservation

WC on Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation

WC on Environmental Human Resources Development, Environmental Education and Extension

Regions / states

Environmental

Supervision

Working

Committee

- MONREC

- Line Ministries

- ECD

- CSOs

WC on Policy, Law, Rule, Procedure, standard

Environmental Safeguards Policy and Strategy

Environmental Safeguards Policy and Strategy

v  Constitution (2008) v  Environmental Policy (1994)

v  Myanmar Agenda (21)

v  National Sustainable Development Strategy –NSDS (2009)

v  Environmental Conservation Law (2012)

v  Environmental Conservation Rule (2014)

v  Environmental Impact Assessment Procedures (2015)

v  National Comprehensive Development Plan –NCDP (2015)

v  Foreign Investment Law (2012)

v  Myanmar Investment Rules (2013)

v  Special Economic Zone Law(2014) and Rules (2015)

Environmental Safeguards Policy and Strategy (Contd;)

v  National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (2011)

v  National Adaptation programme of Action-NAPA (2012)

v  Myanmar Climate Change Alliance - MCCA

v  Myanmar Initial National Communication – INC (2012)

v  Environmental Quality Guidelines (2015)

v  REDD+ Strategy (draft)

v  Green Economy and Green Growth Framework (draft)

Mainstreaming

Mainstreaming of environment to sectoral development planning and project implementation

Challenges & Constraints

Environmental Changes

Resources Degradation •  Biodiversity •  Forest •  Minerals

Climate Change

Pollution •  Water •  Air •  Land

Sustainable Development ?

Highly rely on natural resources

Infrasture development

Increasing investment in industry based economy

Heavy industrial special economic zone

Challenges Economic Development and Environment

Challenges Investment of project Proposals

Natural resources- based investment (83) v Energy projects, Mining projects, Agricultural and forest Industry – based investment (484) v Food and Liquor, Chemical, Garment and textile, Services

Investment of 3 Special Economic Zones

v  Thilawa (Operated in Phase 1 last year and now implement Phase 2 this year but not initiate SEA)

v  Dawei ( Only for 8 development infrastructure projects, scoping reports are being revised at scoping study for EIA but not yet SEA)

v  Kyauk Phyu (Only ongoing policy implementation level and taking opportunity to initiate SEA)

Constraints

v Need to initiate SEA by decision makers at planning level

v Limited Human Resources and funding in Government sectors

v Limited environmental awareness in private sectors to reform

v Weakness in Law enforcement for environmental concerns between public, private and government sectors

Way Forward

Way Foward

NGOs, CBOs. People

Academies, Researchers

MONRAEC and Cross Ministries

Parliaments

UN Agencies, Int, Orgs

Environmental and Social Safeguard

System

Sustainable Development

Way Forward v  Strong Political Support v  Policy and Strategic Frameworks v  Sectoral Environmental Management Rules, Regulations &

Guidelines v  National Environmental Quality Guidelines & Standards v  SIA procedures v  Sustainable Finance Mechanism v  Institution , capacity building, and the coordination mechanism v  Environmental Awareness v  Research & Development v  Regional and International Cooperation

SEA Experience in Myanmar

v One government official from ECD has delivered his

experiences regarding SEA training programme to relevant

staffs from ECD and inline Ministries at the beginning of 2016.

v This SEA training programme is financially and technically

supported by Swedish International Development Co-

operation Agency-SIDA.

Thank you for your kind attention!