lesson iv: 2 nd declension nouns
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Lesson IV: 2 nd Declension Nouns. Sept. 23-30, 2013. Let’s Review!. Nouns are divided into groups called declensions.. Declensions are a set of shared endings. So far, we’ve learned 1 st Declension Nouns. In Latin, the endings indicate the case of the noun. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Lesson IV: 2nd Declension Nouns
Sept. 23-30, 2013
Let’s Review!
• Nouns are divided into groups called declensions..
• Declensions are a set of shared endings.• So far, we’ve learned 1st Declension Nouns.
In Latin, the endings indicate the case of the noun.
(Endings)Case Singular Plural
Nominative a aeGenitive ae arumDative ae isAccusative am asAblative a is
Example: insularum = plural genitive
Step 2: Add the case endings to the noun stem.
Nominative
Genitive
Dative
Accusative
Ablative
Singular Plural
2nd Declension Nouns
• 2nd declension nouns end in –i in the genitive singular.
• Most 2nd declension nouns are masculine or neuter.
• Let’s learn how to decline a 2nd declension noun on its “declension chart.”
2nd Declension Nouns (Endings)Case Singular Plural
Nominative -us -iGenitive -i -orumDative -o -isAccusative -um -osAblative -o -is
Write these down!
Step 1 – Find the noun stemThe noun stem is found by dropping the genitive singular ending from the noun.
Dictionary entry of a noun:
servus servi, m. slave
Nominativesingular
Genitive singular
GenderMeaning
servi – i = serv-Noun Stem
2nd Declension Nounsservus, servi (m.) --- slave
Case Singular Plural
Nominative servus serviGenitive servi servorumDative servo servisAccusative servum servosAblative servo servis
Your turn! Try equus, equi (m.) --- horse
Your Turn!Decline equus, equi (m.) horse
Case Singular Plural
Nominative equus equiGenitive equi equorumDative equo equisAccusative equum equosAblative equo equis
Your Turn!Decline carrus, carri (m.) cart, wagon
Case Singular Plural
Nominative carrus carriGenitive carri carrorumDative carro carrisAccusative carrum carrosAblative carro carris
Nouns and Adjectives
• Remember that nouns and adjectives must agree in GENDER, NUMBER, and CASE.
• Adjectives can be declined with 2nd declension endings to modify masculine nouns.
• carrus bonus: the good cart• servi boni: the good slaves• agricola bonus: the good farmer
parva puella: the little girl
magnus equus: the big horse
carrus bonus: the good cart
carri boni: the good carts
agricola bonus: the good farmer
Adjective practiceComplete each sentence with the correct endings.
• Bon____ est equus.• Carri long____ sunt.• Ubi sunt viae long____?• Servus equum mal____ non amat.• Terra erat dur____.
usi
aeum
a
Textbook p. 37 Ex. A• 1. Viae sunt malae.• 2. Servus erat parvus.• 3. Servus est non malus.• 4. Equi magni sunt et boni.• 5. Carri magni sunt sed equi sunt parvi.• 6. Servi aquam laudant.• 7. Servus malus in terrā laborat.• 8. Agricola magnos carros spectat.• 9. Ubi servi multos carros parant?• 10. Puella et agricola longam vitam
laudant.
Write Latin and English!