lesson 8 software hardware

7/24/2019 Lesson 8 Software Hardware

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0. PRESENTATION SOFTWARE

used to organi&e and present text, graphics, and other media

as a slide show.

such as

o Microsoft 'ower'oint,

o i!ork eynote,

o 2ibreOffice -mpress,

o 're&i

la1outs

o which are pre+set arrangements for slide content,including text and graphics.

o provide place(ol'ers used to enter and edit text,

headings, bulleted lists, numbered lists, tables,

charts, pictures, and videos.

t(e+es

o premade designs which provide a coordinated set of

colors, fonts, backgrounds, and effects.

transitions 2etween sli'es

o that fades from one slide to the next.

can animate text, shapes, photos, and other ob3ects.

4. SPREA!S-EET SOFTWARE

sprea's(eetis an

o arrangement of text and numbers in a rectangular

grid or table.

organi&e data in such a way that you can calculate, analy&e,

interpret, and present it.

displays a grid of columns and rows that can contain text,

numbers, and formulas.

wor)s(eet, or a

o s(eetfor short.

o grid

!hen you start Excel, you create a file called a wor)2oo)%

colu+ns

o identified 21 letters

rows

o identified 21 nu+2ers.

cell%

o point where a column and a row intersect

cell reference5or cell address6,

o cell name

o represented by its column letter and row number.

o A4

he acti5e cellis the currently selected cell.

FEAT"RES OF SPREA!S-EET SOFTWARE:

A% CALC"LATION FEAT"RES

perfor+ calculations%

o main purpose of worksheets

for+ulais a

o mathematical expression that provides a result

o ddition : ddend 7 ugend 8#um

useful when you need to perform w(atif anal1sis, which

is a way to explore how changing numbers and other input values

affect calculated results.

functions, which are

o predefined formulas that perform common

calculations.

o Function6na+e.para+eters/

*% C-ARTING FEAT"RES

#preadsheet software includes tools for creating charts to

show trends or relationships in data.

7% !ATA*ASE SOFTWARE

'ata2aseis a

o collection of data organi&ed into tables.

use:

o to enter, organi&e, update, retrieve, ando produce reports on the electronic data in a database

o main purpose is to store data

o allows to create data

o eats space from hard drive

o can easily find

'ata

o stored in one or more tables

o composed of rows and columns,

o similar to spreadsheets.

colu+nin the table is

o a fiel', which is a single characteristic of a person,

place, thing, or event.

rowin a database table


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o represents a recor'.o each record is a group of related fields.

pri+ar1 )e1 fiel',

o every table must have it

o which is a field that uni(uely identifies each record in

a table.o to prevent duplicate entries.

relational 'ata2ase software%

o %atabase software that works with related tables,

o such as 8icrosoft Access

FEAT"RES OF !ATA*ASE SOFTWARE:

A% !ataEntr1 Features use a ta2le 'atas(eet, which is similar to a spreadsheet,

can design and use a form.

*% !ataRetrie5al Features

can create a 9uer1, which is a re(uest for specific data that

meets set criteria.

CO8PARING SPREA!S-EETS AN! !ATA*ASES

SPREA!S-EETS

re best for using numerical data to make calculations or a

(uick analysis

Enable users to enter data and see results (uickly re easier to learn

9ave more formatting features than databases

9ave more sophisticated mathematical functions

!ATA*ASES

re best for long+term data storage and manipulating data

efficiently

Offer advantages such as entering data once instead of

twice when relating tables

utomatically update forms, reports, and (ueries when data

is updated

ENTERTAIN8ENT SOFTWARE

ENTERTAIN8ENT SOFTWARE

includes applications that let you download and listen to

music or the radio, watch movies and television shows, and play

games.

provide access to more than one type of digital media

others concentrate on a single type of media.

CLASSIFICATION OF ENTERTAIN8ENT SOFTWARE:

A% 8"SIC AN! #I!EO APPLICATIONS

8usic pla1ers .Win'ows 8e'ia Pla1er iTunes/

pla1lists

o build a collection of digital music and arrange it

into lists of songs

#i'eo pla1er software .;uic)Ti+e RealPla1er

#LC/

used to play videos in a variety of file formats, organi&e

videos into playlists, and set preferences.

Ra'io applications .Pan'ora Spotif1 i-eartRa'io/

work like online radio stations.

*% GA8E SOFTWARE

casual &a+es

o electronic versions of physical games,

o re(uire little time commitment to learn and play.

o such as #olitaire or #crabble.

lon&pla1 &a+es%

o more involved, re(uiring users to devote time to learn

the intricacies of the rules and options to complete a

game.o $enres of long+play games change fre(uently as

technology changes.

8E!IAE!ITING SOFTWARE

8E!IAE!ITING SOFTWARE

;ou often need to edit music, video, and image files to suit your

purposes.

;ou could use a video camera to record yourself making sushi,

select a music file to play at the beginning of the video, and take

photos of the finished product to display at the end of the video.

o fine+tune each component, you use graphics software, music+

editing software, and video+editing software.

TO FINET"NE CO8PONENTS:A% GRAP-ICS SOFTWARE

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c/ !rawin&

o approaches a graphic as a set of geometric ob3ects,

including lines and closed shapes.o 3! &rap(ics softwareuses mathematics to

represent 0+% ob3ects, and allows users to rotate and

view them from many angles.o Co+puter ai'e' 'esi&n .CA!6 software is used by

professional designers to create models of products,

buildings, and other ob3ects engineering and

technical drawings and blueprints for architectural

pro3ects.

*% 8"SICE!ITING SOFTWARE designed for people who want to record and edit their own

music.

canam, and

o )inale

C% #i'eoE'itin& Software clips + video segments

ti+eline or stor12oar',

o arrange clips in se(uence

o add transitions between clips,

o insert titles,

o &oom in and out to direct the viewer?s attention.

such as

o !indows Movie Maker,

o pple iMovie, or

o "amtasia #tudio

SOFTWARE TOOLS

"tilit1 pro&ra+sare

o tools you use to maintain your data files, software,

and hardware.

File utilities

o helps you manage files,

o convert files from one format to another, and

o thoroughly delete files.

!is) +ana&e+ent utilities

o help the operating system store files efficiently on a

disk, and remove unnecessary files.

Software utilities

o updating tools, virus and other malware scanners,

and system monitors.

=File Co+pression Software=

FILE CO8PRESSION SOFTWARE

reduces the si&e of a file by removing redundant data.

compress files before attaching them to an e+mail so they

can be transferred more (uickly.

co+pression software

o use to expand the file to its original si&e upon

receiving compressed file

al&orit(+s

o basis in determining which redundant data to remove

o sets of rules a program follows in calculations or

other problem+solving steps.o for co+pressin& a te>t file: identifies patterns in the

text and substitutes the text for a code.

T$PES OF FILE CO8PRESSION

lossless co+pression

o original file is reconstructed without losing any data.

loss1 co+pression +et(o'o files containing graphics or music do not include

much redundant data.o which removes data identified as unnecessary.

)or example, the multiple shades of a background color

might be reduced from thousands of variations to only a hundred

variations.

!hen the file is restored, you are unlikely to notice the

difference in shades.

=!is) 8ana&e+ent Software=

!IS, 8ANAGE8ENT SOFTWARE

used to maintain your hard disk by keeping it free of

problems that could prevent you from accessing your data.

T-REE T$PES OF !IS, 8ANAGE8ENT "TILITIES:

'is) cleaner

o identifies files you can safely delete to free up disk

space.

'is) scanner

o scans for disk errors, such as parts of corrupted files

and then repairs them.

'efra&+enter


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o optimi&es the way files are stored on the disk by

rearranging the clusters on a disk so they are

ad3acent instead of fragmented.

=8alware an' Anti5irus Software=

!hen you connect to the -nternet, your computer is vulnerable to harm

from people who might attempt to access confidential information or

damage your files.

8alware

- short for +alicious software- includes computer viruses, worms, ro3ans, bots, and spyware.

#iruses

o copy themselves and trigger computer code that can

infect your computer and damage your files and

system settings.o transmitted through e+mail attachments or

downloaded files, ando spread when you open the infected attachment or

file.

wor+

o harmful computer code that spreads without your

interaction.o slips from one network connection to another,

replicating itself on computers.

Tro?an

o malware that hides inside another program,

o such as a downloaded browser toolbar.

o the operating system, allowing a hacker to access

your computer.o ttackers might install a2ot, short for robot, which is

a program that runs repetitive tasks.

*ots

o can control your computer to perform illegal activities

such as sending massive amounts of spa+

5electronic 3unk mail6.

Sp1ware

o can install itself or run on your computer without your

consent or control.o monitors your computing actions to collect

information about your browsing habits to pass along

to advertisers.

a'ware

o a special type of spyware that changes your browser

settings to open pop+up ads, which are windows that

appear while you are viewing a web page and

advertise a product or service.

CO88ON S$8PTO8S OF 8ALWARE

o computer runs much slower than normal,

o messages appear unexpectedly,

o programs start or close on their own,

o operating system shuts down suddenly.

!EFENSE AGAINST 8ALWARE, you

o install and run antivirus software on your computer

and keep it up to date.

S"88AR$;ou use productivity applications to perform work and other activities

effectively. 'roductivity applications are often bundled together in

a software suite.

;ou use word+processing software to produce written documents

such as reports, letters, memos, research papers, and flyers.)eatures in word+processing software help you reduce the

number of errors in a document and improve the (uality of your

writing. hey also provide formatting features so you can make

documents look professional and appealing, and include

collaboration features for working with other users.

%esktop publishing software is similar to word+processing software

because you use it to arrange text and graphics on a page. -n

addition, it includes tools for producing and printing typographic+

(uality documents, and for sending files to a commercial printer.

;ou use presentation software to organi&e and present text, graphics,

and other media as a slide show. 2ayouts in presentation software

guide you to arrange text and graphics on a slide. 'resentation

software also includes features to engage the audience and

clarify ideas during a slide show, such as slide transitions andanimations.

;ou use spreadsheet software to organi&e numeric data so that you

can calculate, analy&e, interpret, and present it. ;ou insert a

formula to display the results of a calculation. -f you use cell

references in a formula, recalculation is automatic when data

changes. he ability to update automatically makes spreadsheets

especially useful when you need to perform what+if analysis.

o help you visuali&e numeric data, spreadsheet software includes

tools for creating charts 5also called graphs6. "harts show trends

or relationships in data that you might not notice when examining

columns or rows of numbers.

;ou use database software to enter, organi&e, update, retrieve, and

produce reports on the electronic data in a database. ll of the

data in a database is stored in one or more tables, which are

composed of rows and columns, similar to spreadsheets. Each

column in the table represents a field and each row represents

a record.

database file can contain ob3ects including tables, forms, (ueries,

and reports. ;ou use a form to enter data into a table. ;ou use a

(uery to re(uest specific information that meets set criteria from

the database. report provides data as a formatted printout or

display. =oth spreadsheets and databases are designed for

organi&ing, managing, and tracking data that is stored in columns

and rows. -f your focus is on using numerical data to make

calculations or a (uick analysis, create a spreadsheet. -f your

focus is on storing other types of data for the long term and

manipulating it efficiently, create a database.


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Entertainment software includes applications that let you download

and listen to music or the radio, watch movies and television

shows, and play games.

;ou use media+editing software to edit digital media such as photos

and other pictures, music, and videos.

;ou use graphics software to create, edit, and print graphics,

including pictures, drawings, photographs, clip art, icons, and

other images. he three ma3or types of graphics software are

paint, photo+editing, and drawing software.

Music+editing applications are designed for people who want to record

and edit their own music. @ideo+editing applications are designedfor people who want to create and edit videos. ;ou import and

then organi&e video clips, music clips, and other media clips, and

then publish them together in one video file.

Music+editing applications are designed for people who want to record

and edit their own music. @ideo+editing applications are designed

for people who want to create and edit videos. ;ou import and

then organi&e video clips, music clips, and other media clips, and

then publish them together in one video file.

Atility programs are tools you use to maintain your data files,

software, and hardware. )ile utilities include software that helps

you manage files, convert files from one format to another, and

thoroughly delete files. %isk management utilities include software

that helps the operating system store files efficiently on a disk and

removes unnecessary files.

o defend against malware, you should install and run antivirus

software on your computer, and then keep it up to date because

new malware is released fre(uently. ntivirus software blocks

potential malware, scans your computer, and safely removes

viruses, worms, ro3ans, and bots. #ome antivirus software also

scans for spyware.

lesson 8 software hardware

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