Lesson 4

Bellringer: In what ways did European actions impact Africa?

Loyalty

• Who/What are you loyal to?

• What does that word/feeling mean?

• Read page 47

Independence and Its Challenges

– Problem for Africa: Europe grouped many different ethnic groups together with long-standing rivalries• Led to conflict

– Africa desired independence• Growing nationalism

in the 1900’s• Pride in one’s

homeland

South African Independence

– 1912: South Africa forms a political party which fought for independence and the rights of the South Africans• Apartheid; system of

racial segregation • Rights based on color• Keep the white minority

in power

Desire for Independence– 1920’s a movement known as Pan-

Africanism began• It stressed unity and cooperation

among all Africans• “Africa for Africans”

– WWII had a huge impact on Africa’s history• Africa was a crucial component to the

Allied forces• Colonies supplied equipment and

soldiers

– African soldiers came home victorious and desired independence even more• WWII also weakened Western Europe• Too expensive to keep colonies

– Some African colonies gained independence peacefully

– Others went to war

Individual Countries

– Ghana: the people began to boycott British goods• Protests, sent to jail• 1952 gained

independence

– Algeria: French colony• Bloody war in 1954• 1962 won

independence, but at the cost of 100,000 Algerian lives

Challenges

– Challenges for Independent Africa• Leaders had little experience• Unstable governments• Military governments

– Limited rights– Jailed protesters– Bloody coups

– Some countries established democracies• “Let Africa have time to establish

own democracies”• Very young countries

Conflict

– Read articles about genocide– Rwanda BBC Article– Darfur– Discuss

Exit Card

How did WWII impact Africa’s history?

Independence

– Groups read about different African countries’ road to independence or history of government

– Create posters to present to class

Homework

– Write vocabulary for whole chapter– Write definitions