Lesson 2Lesson 2Transportation and GrowthTransportation and Growth

After the U.S. got its After the U.S. got its independence, the MAS grew and independence, the MAS grew and changed quicklychanged quickly

Only two ways to move people…Only two ways to move people…by boats or roads!by boats or roads!

Early TransportationEarly Transportation

RoadsRoadstraveling with horse and wagon was very hard traveling with horse and wagon was very hard and slow because…and slow because…--roads were dirt…mud after rainroads were dirt…mud after rain-full of tree stumps and holes-full of tree stumps and holes-could only carry small amounts of goods-could only carry small amounts of goods

Because it was tough traveling, it took longer, Because it was tough traveling, it took longer, and was more expensive too!and was more expensive too!

Early TransportationEarly Transportation

WaterwaysWaterwaystraveling on rivers/waterways was much traveling on rivers/waterways was much easier and faster…most preferred water travel.easier and faster…most preferred water travel.--fasterfaster-easier-easier-could carry larger amounts of goods-could carry larger amounts of goods

Because it was easier and faster…it was Because it was easier and faster…it was cheaper too!cheaper too!

Waterways continued…Waterways continued…The MAS has wide rivers and The MAS has wide rivers and waterwayswaterways

Bodies of water that boats can use safely.Bodies of water that boats can use safely.

In the…In the…-East = deep harbors and Atlantic Ocean-East = deep harbors and Atlantic Ocean-West = Lake Ontario and Lake Erie-West = Lake Ontario and Lake Erie-Everywhere = deep and wide rivers-Everywhere = deep and wide rivers

NavigableNavigable- a river or waterway that is deep - a river or waterway that is deep and wide enough for ships to use safely.and wide enough for ships to use safely.

Waterways continued…Waterways continued…The region’s waterways were not The region’s waterways were not connected though!connected though!-there was no good way to move goods -there was no good way to move goods from the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Oceanfrom the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean-many rivers had -many rivers had rapidsrapids, which were rocky , which were rocky places where the elevation dropped = fast places where the elevation dropped = fast and dangerous!and dangerous!

Linking Waterways (p.135)Linking Waterways (p.135)

1817 – New York decides to build a 1817 – New York decides to build a canalcanal- a manmade waterway dug - a manmade waterway dug across the land.across the land.The Erie Canal-The Erie Canal- connected the Great connected the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean.Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean.-363 miles long-363 miles long-80 -80 lockslocks- areas in a canal where the - areas in a canal where the water level can be raised and lowered water level can be raised and lowered (p.136) because of elevation changes.(p.136) because of elevation changes.

Linking Waterways (p.135)Linking Waterways (p.135)

-Erie Canal increased trade, agriculture -Erie Canal increased trade, agriculture (farming) and manufacturing in the (farming) and manufacturing in the region.region.

-NYC became the leading trading city -NYC became the leading trading city in the U.S.!in the U.S.!

-Erie Canal also allowed people to -Erie Canal also allowed people to begin to move west much easier.begin to move west much easier.

Linking Waterways (p.135)Linking Waterways (p.135)

St. Lawrence SeawaySt. Lawrence Seaway was built later was built later and helped to connect even more cities.and helped to connect even more cities.

-Buffalo: leading producer of flour-Buffalo: leading producer of flour

-Rochester: cameras and film-Rochester: cameras and film

-Erie: factories produce heavy machinery-Erie: factories produce heavy machinery

Review!Review!

CopyCopy and then answer and then answer the following question for homework the following question for homework tonight…Use your notes and textbook to help.tonight…Use your notes and textbook to help.

Compare and contrast early road travel to Compare and contrast early road travel to water travel? Which was better and why? water travel? Which was better and why? Use clear examples and vocabulary from Use clear examples and vocabulary from what we’ve done so far!what we’ve done so far!

-Road travel was hard and very slow-Road travel was hard and very slow-dirt/muddy roads-dirt/muddy roads-could only carry small amounts of goods-could only carry small amounts of goods-tree stumps and pot holes slowed wagons down-tree stumps and pot holes slowed wagons down

-Water travel was much easier and faster-Water travel was much easier and faster-Great Lakes in west, Atlantic Ocean in east, and many navigable rivers-Great Lakes in west, Atlantic Ocean in east, and many navigable rivers-could carry more on a boat -could carry more on a boat -faster and easier = cheaper-faster and easier = cheaper-Erie Canal linked the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean-Erie Canal linked the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean-Increased trade, farming and manufacturing ($$$ for the region)-Increased trade, farming and manufacturing ($$$ for the region)-caused many cities to grow and become important centers for business-caused many cities to grow and become important centers for business

New Industries (p.137)New Industries (p.137)

By the early 1900s, new roads, waterways and By the early 1900s, new roads, waterways and railroads = new businesses were started and grew…railroads = new businesses were started and grew…

-business owners could ship things easily and -business owners could ship things easily and quickly.quickly.-they could also build factories closer to the -they could also build factories closer to the resources they used.resources they used.

Western PA=Steel…because the things needed to Western PA=Steel…because the things needed to make steel were there, iron, coal and limestone.make steel were there, iron, coal and limestone.-became the center of the U.S. steel industry-became the center of the U.S. steel industry

New Industries (p.138)New Industries (p.138)

Steel became more important too!Steel became more important too!-large amounts of it were needed for…-large amounts of it were needed for…

-railroad tracks, bridges, ships, -railroad tracks, bridges, ships, buildings, tools and machines.buildings, tools and machines.

-Pittsburgh became the largest steel -Pittsburgh became the largest steel producing cities in the U.S.producing cities in the U.S.

Today, the steel industry is less important Today, the steel industry is less important because of other materials that are used and because of other materials that are used and strong competition from other countries.strong competition from other countries.

New Industries (p.138)New Industries (p.138)

The MAS are still leaders in the The MAS are still leaders in the manufacturing of…manufacturing of…

-food products, chemicals, computer -food products, chemicals, computer equipment, and machinery.equipment, and machinery.

Connecting Cities (p.138)Connecting Cities (p.138)

Cities grew and changed over time.Cities grew and changed over time.Today, the service industry makes up Today, the service industry makes up the largest part of the economy.the largest part of the economy.Service IndustryService Industry- an industry that - an industry that provides a service rather than goods.provides a service rather than goods.

-ex: -ex: doctorsdoctors, , teachersteachers, , nursesnurses, , policepolice, , firemenfiremen, , hotelshotels, ski resorts, , ski resorts, amusement amusement parksparks, etc!!!, etc!!!

Connecting Cities (p.138)Connecting Cities (p.138)

Now, major highways connect most Now, major highways connect most cities in the U.S., some are called cities in the U.S., some are called turnpikesturnpikes..

A road that drivers must pay to use.A road that drivers must pay to use.

Airlines, buses and high-speed trains Airlines, buses and high-speed trains also connect cities in the MAS.also connect cities in the MAS.

Review!Review!

With your group, With your group, copy and then copy and then answeranswer the following question… the following question…use your notes to help!use your notes to help!

How do people travel How do people travel between the Middle between the Middle

Atlantic States today?Atlantic States today?