lesson 2 did you know that the harmful effects of alcohol could be triggered by an interaction of...

Lesson Lesson 22

Did you know that the harmful effects of alcohol could be triggered by an interaction of alcohol and medication?

Harmful Effects of Alcohol Use

Lesson Lesson 22

• Describe the short-term effects of alcohol use

• Discuss the consequences of drinking and driving

• Explain the dangers of drug/alcohol use

• Develop refusal strategies concerning alcohol use

In this lesson, you will learn to:

Lesson Objectives

Lesson Lesson 22

• Body size and gender A small person feels the effect of the same amount of alcohol faster than a large person does. In general, alcohol moves into the bloodstream faster in females.

• FoodFood in the stomach slows down the passage of alcohol intothe bloodstream.

• Amount and rate of intakeAs the amount of alcohol consumed increases, the level of alcohol in the bloodstream also rises.

Factors Influencing the Effects of Alcohol

Short-Term Effects of Drinking

Lesson Lesson 22

• Interactions between medications and alcohol can lead to illness, injury, and even death.

• When a drug enters the body, it travels through the bloodstream to its target organ or tissue. Over time, the body metabolizes the drug.

• Alcohol travels through the bloodstream to the brain.

• At the same time, the liver metabolizes the alcohol in the bloodstream and makes it less active.

How the Body Works

Alcohol and Drug Interactions

Lesson Lesson 22

• Alcohol combined with medicines or other drugs can result in a multiplier effect.

• Both prescription drugs and over-the-counter medicines, such as aspirin, can alter the ways in which alcohol affects the body.

• Labels on medicines that might cause reactions warn against combining them with alcoholic beverages.

Effects of Combining Alcohol and Drugs


Lesson Lesson 22Typical Alcohol-Drug Interactions

• Alcohol may slow down a drug’s absorption by the body.

• Frequent drinking may increase the number of metabolizing enzymes in the body.

• Metabolizing enzymes can change some medications into chemicals that can damage the liver or other organs.

• Alcohol can increase the effects of some drugs.


Lesson Lesson 22Short-Term Effects of Alcohol

Physical and mental impairment begin with the first drink of alcohol and increase as more alcohol is consumed.


Lesson Lesson 22Blood Alcohol Concentration

• A person is said to be intoxicated when his or her blood alcohol concentration (BAC) exceeds the state’s legal limit.

• In most states, driving while intoxicated is defined as having a 0.1 percent BAC, although in some states the figure is 0.08.

• Remember that for anyone under 21, there is no acceptable BAC percentage.

Driving Under the Influence

Lesson Lesson 22

Blood Alcohol Concentration• 1 drink .05 cause sedation and

reduced self-control• 2-3 drinks .14 causes loss of

coordination and judgment• 4 drinks .18 intoxicated and very

slow reaction time• 5-6 drinks .27 stupor• 7-8 drinks .36 can lead to

unconsciousness and may cause death

Lesson Lesson 22Comparing Beer, Wine, and Spirits

• How much alcohol in a drink is dependent upon the serving size and type of drink

• Beer 12 oz., 5% alcohol by volume and .5 oz. alcohol content

• Wine 5 oz., 12% alcohol by volume and .5 oz. alcohol content

• Spirits Vodka and Whiskey 1.5 oz., 40% alcohol by volume and .5 oz. alcohol content

A standard drink has 1.2 A standard drink has 1.2 tbs. of pure alcoholtbs. of pure alcohol

Lesson Lesson 22

Driving while intoxicated (DWI), also known as driving under the influence (DUI), is the leading cause of death among teens.

The consequences of a teen caught DWI may include:

Consequences of DWI

• Harm to the driver and others.

• Severely restricted driving privileges and/or immediate confiscation of a driver’s license.

• A police record and possible lawsuits.

• Arrest, jail time, court appearance, and a heavy fine or bail.


Lesson Lesson 22

• Recent studies show that binge drinking is a serious problem among young people.

• Rapid binge drinking (sometimes done on a bet or dare) is especially dangerous because it is possible to consume a fatal dose of alcohol.

• Binge drinking can cause alcohol poisoning.

What Is Binge Drinking?

Binge Drinking

Lesson Lesson 22Dangers of Over-Intake

• Alcohol acts as a depressant and shuts down involuntary actions such as breathing and the gag reflex that prevents choking.

• A fatal dose of alcohol will eventually stop these involuntary actions.

• It’s common for a person who has consumed too much alcohol to vomit because alcohol is a stomach irritant.

• If the involuntary actions are shut down, a person can choke and be asphyxiated by his or her own vomit.

Alcohol Poisoning

Lesson Lesson 22Effects of Alcohol Poisoning

• Passing out is a common effect of drinking too much alcohol.

• Alcohol in the stomach and intestines continues to enter the bloodstream, and blood alcohol concentration continues to rise.

• For this reason, it’s dangerous to assume that a person who has consumed a lot of alcohol will be fine if left to “sleep it off.”

Alcohol Poisoning

Lesson Lesson 22Symptoms of Alcohol Poisoning

Symptoms that indicate alcohol poisoning include:

• Mental confusion, stupor, coma, inability to be roused, vomiting, and seizures.

• Slow respiration—10 seconds between breaths or fewer than 8 breaths a minute.

• Irregular heartbeat.

• Hypothermia, or low body temperature—pale or bluish skin color.

• Severe dehydration from vomiting.

Alcohol Poisoning

Lesson Lesson 22Call 911

A person who exhibits signs of alcohol poisoning or has passedout may die if left untreated. If you suspect that a person hasalcohol poisoning, call 911 immediately.

Alcohol Poisoning

Lesson Lesson 22

Q. The amount of alcohol in a

person’s blood expressed as a percentage is called _____.

1. blood alcohol concentration

2. binge drinking

3. metabolism

4. alcohol poisoning

Choose the appropriate option.

Quick Review

Lesson Lesson 22

A. 1. blood alcohol concentration

The amount of alcohol in a person’s blood expressed as a percentage is called blood alcohol concentration.

Click Next to attempt another question.

Quick Review - Answer

Lesson Lesson 22Quick Review

Q. Metabolism is the process

by which the body breaks down substances.


True

False

Lesson Lesson 22

A. True. Metabolism is the process by which the

body breaks down substances.




Q. Which of the following are signs of alcohol poisoning?

1. giddiness, uncontrollable laughter, involuntary twitching.

2. moodiness, anger, coughing.

3. mental confusion, stupor, coma, inability to be roused, vomiting, seizures.

4. glassy eyes, rambling speech, muscle spasms.

Lesson Lesson 22


A. 3. mental confusion, stupor, coma, inability to be roused, vomiting, seizures.

Signs of alcohol poisoning include mental confusion, stupor, coma, inability to be roused, vomiting and seizures.



Q. It is dangerous to mix alcohol

with medications or other drugs.


True

False

Lesson Lesson 22

A. True. It is dangerous to mix alcohol with

medications or other drugs.



Lesson Lesson 22

End of Lesson 2

Click Home to view the Main menu.

Lesson Lesson 22

A. Correct! The amount of alcohol in a person’s blood

expressed as a percentage is called blood alcohol concentration.



Lesson Lesson 22

You have answered the question incorrectly. Go back to try again, or click Next to view the correct answer.


Lesson Lesson 22

A. Correct! Metabolism is the process by which the

body breaks down substances.



Lesson Lesson 22



Lesson Lesson 22

A. Correct! Signs of alcohol poisoning include the

following: mental confusion, stupor, coma, inability to be roused, vomiting and seizures.



Lesson Lesson 22



Lesson Lesson 22

A. Correct! It is dangerous to mix alcohol with

medications or other drugs.



Lesson Lesson 22



Lesson Lesson 22

• Interactions between medications and alcohol can lead to illness, injury, and even death.

• When a drug enters the body, it travels through the bloodstream to its target organ or tissue. Over time, the body metabolizes the drug.

• Alcohol travels through the bloodstream to the brain.

• At the same time, the liver metabolizes the alcohol in the bloodstream and makes it less active.

How the Body Works

Metabolism is the process by which the body breaks down substances and gets energy from food.

Metabolism is the process by which the body breaks down substances and gets energy from food.


Lesson Lesson 22

• A person is said to be intoxicated when his or her blood alcohol concentration (BAC) exceeds the state’s legal limit.

• In most states, driving while intoxicated is defined as having a 0.1 percent BAC, although in some states the figure is 0.08.

• Remember that for anyone under 21, there is no acceptable BAC percentage.

Blood Alcohol Concentration

Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is the amount of alcohol in a person’s blood expressed as a percentage.

Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) is the amount of alcohol in a person’s blood expressed as a percentage.


Lesson Lesson 22

• Recent studies show that binge drinking is a serious problem among young people.

• Rapid binge drinking (sometimes done on a bet or dare) is especially dangerous because it is possible to consume a fatal dose of alcohol.

• Binge drinking can cause alcohol poisoning.

What Is Binge Drinking?

Binge drinking is drinking five or more alcoholic drinks at one sitting.

Binge drinking is drinking five or more alcoholic drinks at one sitting.

Binge Drinking

Lesson Lesson 22

Symptoms that indicate alcohol poisoning include:

• Mental confusion, stupor, coma, inability to be roused, vomiting, and seizures.

• Slow respiration—10 seconds between breaths or fewer than 8 breaths a minute.

• Irregular heartbeat.

• Hypothermia, or low body temperature—pale or bluish skin color.

• Severe dehydration from vomiting.

Alcohol poisoning is a severe and potentially fatal physical reaction to an alcohol overdose..

Alcohol poisoning is a severe and potentially fatal physical reaction to an alcohol overdose..

Symptoms of Alcohol Poisoning

Alcohol Poisoning

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