Leslie Lobel Faculty of Health Sciences Pathology Building Room 324
Special Pathogens and Arboviruses
Hemorrhagic Fevers Arboviruses Arboviruses = viruses transmitted by insects.
Not a virus family but comprises manydifferent viruses. There are Hemorrhagicfever viruses and encephalitis virusesthat are Arboviruses. Walter Reed James Carroll During the Spanish-American War of the late19th century & the subsequent building of thePanama Canal, American deaths due to yellowfever were colossal. The disease also appearedto be spreading slowly northward into thecontinental United States. Throughexperimental transmission to mice, in Walter Reed demonstrated that yellow feverwas caused by a virus, spread by mosquitoes. Walter Reed ( ) The discovery that Yellow Fever wascaused by a virus eventually enabledMax Theiler (1937) to propagate thevirus in chick embryos & successfullyproduced an attenuated vaccine - the17D strain - which is still in use today. Max Theiler ( ) FAMILY/GEOGRAPHY AGENT CASE-FATALITY
Filoviridae Sub-saharan Africa Ebola Marburg 50-75% 25% Arenaviridae West Africa (Lassa) South America, California (Whitewater) Old World: Lassa New World: Junin, Machupo, Guanarito Sabia, Whitewater arroyo Lassa:1-2% (up to 25% in hospitalized pts) 30% for New World Bunyaviridae Egypt, Yemen SW US (Hantavirus) Phlebovirus: Rift Valley Nairovirus: Crimean Congo Hantavirus: Sin Nombre Rift Valley: