Legume Choice Progress Report for Democratic Republic of Congo

Prof. WALANGULULU MASAMBA (U.C.B.)M. Sc Isaac BALUME MWANGA (I.I.T.A.)Dr P. N. DONTSOP (I.I.T.A.)

Content

sites selections Village meetingsFocus group discussion Walk transect surveyFarm characterization Research trials

site selections

Madaka and Luduha were selected in Mushinga sites

Bushumba centre and Mulengenza were selected in Bushumba

Mushinga and Bushumba are Humidtropics field sites in East DRC

Criteria applied • ≥500 households in the villages•≥100 households / Km2

•Market access : Good and Medium • to be within the Humidtropics field sites

Farm typology indicator and proposed thresholds

Land size (ha) Ownership of certified land

Livestock ownership, types, stock size

Others indicators

Type 1. Wealthy >2ha >2cows Solid house, 5 goats, 10

chicken, Commercial

business……

Type 2. Middle income 1 - 2ha 1-2 cows 2 goats, woods house, 5

chicken, guineapeegs,…

Type 3. Lower income 0.5- 1ha 0 cow 1-4 goats, chickens,

guineapeegs

Type 4. Less than low

income (poor farmers)

0 land but have

possibility to rent

0 cow House covered by

hyperemia, work for other

group of farmers

Type 1. Wealthy >2ha >2cows Solid house, 5 goats, 10

chicken

Commercial business……

Farm typologies identified trough Focus group

Mushinga is a Humidropics action site; legume CHOICE was the first project to implement its activities. Farmers from Madaka and Luduha villages were all invited in this meeting.

Bushumba is situated in Kabare North opposite to INERA Mulungu; was selected to be Legume CHOICE field site; farmers from the two villages Bushumba centre and Mulengeza were invited to join this village meeting.

Criteria applied for participation in FGD

Implementation site

Agro-Ecology

Market Access

Number of participants

Men Women Total

Madaka highland Good 7 8 15

Luduha Highland Medium 6 6 12Bushunba Centre Midland Medium 6 8 14

Mulengeza Midland Good 7 5 12

Focus group discussion 12 farmers from each villages were invited to the discussion ; female were formed their own group and discussed separately.Five species of legumes were seems to be known by them -common bean, soybean, groundnut, Leucaena and Calliandra.Production system is intercropping and hedgerow systems for legumes trees .Land tenure, land degradation and soil erosion issues, diseases attacks, climate changes and lack of improve seeds varieties were shown to be the major constraints to crop production

Major functions in Bushumba centre

Legume species

produced Legume type

Rank of legume function

1 2 3 4

Soybean Annual grain legume Food MarketSoil improvement -

Haricot bean Annual grain legume Food MarketSoil improvement Feed (residue)

Climbing bean Perennial grain legume Food Market

Soil improvement Feed (residue)

Groundnut Annual grain legume Market food - -

Calliandra Fodder tree legume Erosion Control StakesSoil improvement Feed (residue)

Leucaena Fodder tree legume Erosion control stakes FeedSoil improvement

Sesbania Fodder tree legume Soil improvement Stakes Erosion Control Feed (residue)

Cowpea Annual grain legume food MarketSoil improvement feed

Lablab Ann. herbaceous legume Soil improvement Feed livestock - -

Major functions in Mulengeza

NoLegume species

produced Legume type

Rank of legume function

1 2 3 4

1 Soy bean Annual grain legume Market FoodSoil improvement

Feed (residue)

2 Haricot bean Annual grain legume Food MarketSoil improvement

Feed (residue)

3 Climbing beanPerennial grain legume Food Market

Soil improvement

Feed (residue)

4 Ground nut Annual grain legume Market foodSoil improvement

Feed (residue)

5 Calliandra Fodder tree legumeSoil improvement Control Erosion Stakes

Feed (residue)

6 Leucaenea Fodder tree legumeSoil improvement Control Erosion stakes

Feed (residue)

7 Sesbania Fodder tree legumeSoil improvement Control Erosion Stakes

Feed (residue)

8 Cowpea Annual grain legume food MarketSoil improvement -

9 Lab lab Ann. herbaceous legume

Soil Improvement Feed livestock -

Major functions in Madaka

Legume species produced Legume type

Rank of legume function

1 2 3 4

Soy bean Annual grain legume Market Food Soil improvement Feed (residue)

Haricot bean Annual grain legume Food Market Soil improvement Feed (residue)

Climbing bean Perennial grain legume Food Market Soil improvement Feed (residue)

Ground nut Annual grain legume Market food processingSoil improvement

Calliandra Fodder tree legume feed Soil improvement Erosion control Stakes

Leucaena Fodder tree legume feed Soil improvement Erosion control Stakes

Sesbania Fodder tree legumeSoil improvement Stakes Feed (residue)

Cowpea Annual grain legume food Medicine Soil improvement -

Lablab Ann. herbaceous legume Feed Soil improvement -

Major functions in Luduha

Legume species produced Legume type

Rank of legume function

1 2 3 4

Soy bean Annual grain legume Market Food Soil improvement Feed (residue)

Haricot bean Annual grain legume Food Market Soil improvement Feed (residue)

Climbing bean Perennial grain legume Food Market Soil improvement Feed (residue)

Ground nut Annual grain legume Market food processingSoil improvement

Calliandra Fodder tree legume feed Soil improvement Erosion control Stakes

Leucaena Fodder tree legume feed Soil improvement Erosion control Stakes

Sesbania Fodder tree legumeSoil improvement Stakes Feed (residue)

Cowpea Annual grain legume food Medicine Soil improvement -

Lablab Ann. herbaceous legume Feed Soil improvement -

Legume species and their category grown in the farming system

Annual grain legumes

Perennial grain legumes

Fodder tree legumes

Annual fodder legumes

Mulengeza Bushumba Centre Mulengeza

Bushumba Centre Mulengeza

Bushumba Centre Mulengeza

Bushumba Centre

Groundnut GroundnutClimbing

beanClimbing

bean Calliandra Calliandra Lablab

Commnon bean

Common bean - - Leucaena Leucaena - -

soybean Cowpea - - - Sesbania - -

- - - - - - - -

Legume species and their category grown in the farming system

Annual grain legumes

Perennial grain legumes

Fodder tree legumes

Annual fodder legumes

Luduha Madaka Luduha Madaka Luduha Madaka Luduha Madaka

Common bean

Common bean Leucaena lablab

soybean soybean - - Calliandra -

Groundnut - - Sesbania -

cowpeas - - - - -

Jeanmarie Sanginga leading focus group discussion with farmers UCB, UEA and ISDR students from locals universities were involved in this activity

Walk transect survey and farm characterization

1)Walk transect; 10% of the population size in each villages were systematically selected and interviewed for their legume production systems and livestock: 57 households in Luduha, 60 in Madaka, 122 in Bushumba centre and 77 in Mulengeza

2)8farmers per typology per village (wealthy farmers, middles and low incomes ) were selected for quick survey to be characterized

A data Cspro data based is available and waiting analysis

Quick survey

This consisted to get quick information from the household about legume production system, livestock and fertilizers management

Research trials

13 research trials that has five treatments (soybean monocropping, soybean intercropping system with cassava, common bean monocropping , common bean intercropping with cassava and a control of local farmer practice) were implemented within farmers group association responding to the focus groups constraints land, diseases attack and unimproved seeds varieties.

installation of a trial in Bushumba with farmers from AMOVED group

Research trials

Cassava is high value crop in DRC, this was intercropped with soybean and common bean HM21-7 variety of improve bio-fortifie bean, SB 24 for soybean and Sawasawa resistant to Mosaic virus

lead farmer walking within plots to check plants

Research trials participatory evaluation with farmers; the best practice between treatments were selected in secret by farmers. This was done at maturity of common bean

farmers were given a chance to select the three best treatments among five that was implemented

Major constraints

- Insufficient budget to set up trials at Mushinga

- Lack of budget at country coordination to communicate with partners and to visits partners at Kalmbo

- Lack of equipment like laptop, …- Complain of UCB for a win-win partnership:

motivation for the country coordinator for time spent to the project and administrative costs

Variation on farm size

Area under legume

Cropping system

Livestock

Quantity of fertilizers use in Kg/ha

Thank you Legume CHOICE