legacy of alexander
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The Legacy of Alexander:Hellenistic Civilization and Greek
Achievements
Social Studies for 9th E.G.B. |
Teacher: Mauricio Torres
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Introduction• Although Alexander’s empire soon crumbled, he had unleashed
changes that would ripple across the Mediterranean world and
the Middle East for centuries.
• His most lasting achievement was the spread of Greek culture.
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Blending of Cultures• Greek soldiers and traders soon
began to establish themselves
in these lands (From Egypt to
India), they built Greek
temples, with Greek art and
lived with the same traditions
as they had done in Greece.
• Greeks settled, adopted local
customs, and locals adopted
Greek customs.
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Long Lasting Legacy
• The blending of Greek
civilization and those of
Egyptian, Persian and
Indian influence, would
flourish for centuries.
• This is known as
Hellenistic civilization.
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Arts• The most important achievements of
the Greeks were those they made in
the arts:
– Sculpture
– Painting
– Architecture
–Writings
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Statues
• The ancient Greeks were master
artists.
• They are so admired because their
work achieved near perfection.
– Their goal was to show the beauty
of people.
– To achieve this, they studied the
human body, even its movement.
• They used stone and marble.
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Paintings
• It was not as real as their sculptures, but
they had a lot of details.
• It was usually done on pots, vases and
other vessels.
– They showed scenes from myths or athletic
competitions.
– They were depicted in red or/black paint.
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Architecture• Greeks to great care of making not
just strong buildings but also, to
make them beautiful.
• They used columns to support the
massive constructions.
– They also learned how to design
columns in a way in which they
avoided an optical illusion by
creating another optical illusion!
• These buildings reflected the
greatness of each city.
– Look at the picture of the
Parthenon on pages 278-279 on
your book.
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Writing
• Greeks loved stories. That’s why they created dramas (plays)
which were also used as part of their religious ceremonies.
– It was like going to the movies!
– These plays were tragedies (Sophocles, Aeschylus) and comedies
(Aristophanes).
• They were also among the first to write about History,
because they wanted to learn lessons from their past.
– Thucydides was an Athenian soldier who wrote about the
Peloponnesian war.
– Polybius wrote about the rise of the Roman Empire.
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Learning in Alexandria• Alexander as well as his successors
encouraged the work of scholars.
• In Alexandria (Egypt) scholars had
a free hand and a cultural center to
develop their ideas.
• They built the great Museum
(House of the Muses) which
included: laboratories, lecture halls,
a zoo and its world famous library.
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Ask Yourself• Analyze
– What was the legacy left by Alexander’s conquest?
– Why was it possible for many cultures to blend together?
• Describe
– What was the city of Alexandria like?
– In your own words, describe the term “Hellenistic Civilization”.
– How did sculptors achieve such level of realism?
• Recall
– What did Greeks write about?
– How were the Greeks able to support their massive buildings?
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Bibliography
• Burstein, S. M., & Shek, R. (2012).
World History (Teacher´s Edition) (1st
Edition ed.). (H. McDougal, Ed.)
Orlando, Florida, US.: Houghton
Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.
• Images taken from www.google.com