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Introductory Astronomy Week 1 – Posi5onal Astronomy Clip 4 – Sidereal Time 1

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Page 1: Lecture_slides W1 W1 Clip 4

Introductory  Astronomy  

Week  1  –  Posi5onal  Astronomy  Clip  4  –  Sidereal  Time  

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Page 2: Lecture_slides W1 W1 Clip 4

What  We  Can  See  •  As  sky  rotates  about  celes5al  pole  stars  near  North  (South)  pole  never  set  (circumpolar)  

•  Stars  near  South  (North)  celes5al  pole  never  visible  

•  Stars  near  celes5al  equator  rise,  move  West  across  sky,  and  set  

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Page 3: Lecture_slides W1 W1 Clip 4

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Page 4: Lecture_slides W1 W1 Clip 4

Sidereal  Time  •  Zenith  at            Decl  =  La5tude                RA  =  Sidereal  Time  

•  Sidereal  Time  is  celes5al  meridian  coinciding  with  local  meridian  

•  Changes  with  5me:    24  sidereal  hours  =  One  full  rota5on  of  Earth  

•  Can  use  stars  to  measure  5me!  In  one  (sidereal)  hour  Celes5al  sphere  shiSs  by  one  hour  of  RA    

•  Changes  with  longitude  at  1h/15°  4  

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Summary:  Finding  A  Star  •  Star  is  highest  at  meridian  crossing  when  sidereal  5me  is  its  RA  

•  At  this  5me  Zenith  angle  is  |Decl-­‐La5tude|  •  Al5tude  is  90°  -­‐  Zenith  angle  •  Azimuth  is    0°  if  Decl  >  La5tude                180°  if  Decl  <  La5tude  

•  To  find  star  earlier/later,  rotate  East/West  by  15°/h  •  Need  to  know  how  to  tell  sidereal  5me  

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Credits  •  Sky  Simula5on:  Starry  Night  hap://www.starrynight.com/  

•  Astronomy  Anima5ons:  University  of  Nebraska-­‐Lincoln  Astronomy  Educa5on  Group  hap://astro.unl.edu/  

•  Star  Trail  Photos:    Australian  Astronomical  Observatory  hap://www.aao.gov.au/images/  

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