lecture project management slides

8/8/2019 Lecture Project Management Slides

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Project Management

Level 2

Prepared by: RHR First Prepared on: September 10, 2006 Last Modified on:

Quality checked by: MOH

Copyright 2004 Asia Pacific Institute of Information Technology

Professional & Enterprise

DevelopmentCE00315-2


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Professional & Enterprise Development

Structure of the lesson

Project managers personal skills

Project Management techniques


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Learning Outcomes

Describe common features of projects

List the main tasks involved in project management

Describe the range of skills required for successfulproject management

Explain the need for structured project management


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Key Terms you must be able to use

If you have mastered this topic, you should be able to use

the following terms correctly in your assignments and

exams:

Project Management

Team work

Technology

Customer

Team


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What is a project

Any task which has a beginning and an end

Analogy : Getting married is a project - staying marriedisnt !


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What is a project (contd)

Examples of non-IT projects :

1. Organising a holiday

2. Bidding for the 2006 World Cup

3. Building the new National Museum

Examples of IT projects :

1. Design and installation of HUKM Ambulance call out

system

2. Design and installation Tescos electronic POS machines

3. Design and implement the Taxation Office payments

system


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Why do IT projects need to be managed?

In the past IT projects have been criticised for being:

LATE !

OVER - BUDGET !

NOTWHATWASWANTED !


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Why do projects fail?

Users dont know what they want?

Complexity of task?

Number of people involved? Difficulty of task?

New technology untried, untested?

Bad planning?


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The aim of successful project management

DO THE RIGHT THING

y DO IT ON TIME

y WITHIN BUDGET

y TO QUALITY


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Skills of a Project Manager

The project Manager has to deal with all aspects of a

project:

Technology

Customer Team

What major skills would a PM need for each circle?


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Prioritise these skills

Programming skills

Motivating other people

Selling

Record keeping andadministrative skills

Organisational skills

Ruthlessness

Previous experience of

similar projects

Problem Solving skills

Patience

Confidence Communication skills

Intelligence

Qualifications

Diplomacy


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The Project Management triangle

All projects have 3 elements that need controlling: Time , Quality & Cost

These three are often shown as the ProjectManagement triangle :

Different projects have different priorities. From the

triangle above, decide on the priorities for thefollowing projects :

1. Providing food for famine relief

2. A drug administering system for a hospital

3. A school buying new computers for a classroom

Q C

T


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Question

Do you need the same project manager for all projects?


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All projects share certain CHARACTERISTICS :

GOAL(S) - What the project hopes to achieve

OBJECTIVES- Specific outcomes or deliverables

LEADER -The manager, planner, monitor, controller

TEAM - A group of people with allocated tasks

DEADLINE-A date by which the project should be completed

BUDGET - An amount of money available to finance the project

PROBLEMS - Unforeseen circumstances that require action to solve orovercome problems.


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What is involved in Project Management?

1.PLANNING

2.ESTIMATING

3.RESOURCE ALLOCATION4.SCHEDULING

5.MONITORING PROGRESS

6.TAKING CORRECTIVE ACTION

7.REPORTING TO PROJECT OWNERS


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1. PLANNING

A major part of any project. Plans include deciding what

the project is going to do, how it will be done, who will

be involved, how much will the project cost, and when it

must be completed.


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2. ESTIMATING

Estimates must be made oftime and cost for each

stage of the project.

Estimating is not easy!


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3. RESOURCE ALLOCATION

Resources include people, equipment, money,

accommodation etc. These must be booked for each

stage of the project.


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4. SCHEDULING

Tasks must be carried out in a logical sequence. Some

tasks cannot begin until another task has been

completed. These are called critical tasks.


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5. MONITORING PROGRESS

A good project managermeasures performance

throughout the project. This helps to identify problems

early.


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6. TAKING CORRECTIVE ACTIONS

Every problem requires a different solution.

Sometimes this might be changing the tasks allocated to

people, getting extra resources, or changing equipment.


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7. REPORTING TO PROJECT OWNERS

Customers paying for a new system will want regular

feedback on project progress and milestones.


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Exercise

Define a project (2 marks)

Identify the 3 important elements that need controlling in

a project (3 marks) Do you need the same project manager for all projects?

Explain. (3 marks)

Users dont know what they want is seen as one of the

reasons why a project would fail. As project manager

how can you avoid this? (5 marks)


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Project Risk Assessment

Projects DO FAIL

Lots of research into reasons

Allows us to assess RISKS

PMs need to plan to minimise known risks.

One well known author is Barry Boehm books include:

Software Risk Management, IEEE Computer Society

Press, 1989.


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Boehm Top 10 Risk Factors

1. Personnel shortfalls

2. Unrealistic Schedules and Budgets

3. Developing Wrong Functions

4. DevelopingW

rong User Interface5. Gold Plating

6. Continuing Requirement changes

7. External components

8. Externally performed tasks

9. Performance shortfalls10. Straining computer science capabilities

Ask yourself is emphasis on people or technology?


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Three common strand

Government Issues

Accountability

Publicity

Politics Technology Issues

Complexity

Technology

Oversight Project Issues

Project Management

Suppliers


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Project planning

Once the objectives are clear, the project manager can

carry on with the next tasks:

Analyse the logical SEQUENCE of tasks to bedone (SCHEDULING)

ESTIMATE the time effort and cost involved in eachstage

Examine the RISKS and make allowances to cover

uncertainties CALCULATE the total time and cost for the project


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Project Scheduling

Path Analysis

Is all about putting tasks into a common sensesequence, and identifying task dependencies

Two common techniques used are Gantt charts andNetwork Diagrams


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Example 1 - Task list

Task Duration Depends onA 4 DAYS NOTHING

B 2 DAYS NOTHING

C 5 DAYS Task A

D 3 days Task BE 5 days Tasks C,D


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Gantt Chart

A

B

C

D

E

2 4 86 10 12 14

A

B

C

D

E

2 4 86 10 12 14


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How does this help?

Shortest route

Alternatives

Can add more detail resources etc.

Alternative.


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A

B

C

D

E

2 4 86 10 12 14

A

B

C

D

E

2 4 86 10 12 14


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How does project scheduling help?

Easy way to see project as whole

Determines Critical Path

Allows PM to examine alternatives

Helps set milestones Identifies Float time

Helps to identify slippage

NOTE ! Need to be re-visited corrective action etc.


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Project Brewing Up

Add milk / sugar

Put teabag in pot

Boil kettle

Wash pot Wash cup

Pour water into pot

Allow tea to brew

Pour tea into cup

1. First - sequence

2. Ensure dependencies

identified

3. Estimate time andresources required

4. Evaluate alternatives


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Task Description Time Dependant on

A Boil kettle 250 -

B Wash cup 30 -

C Wash pot 30 -

D Teabag in pot 5 C

E water into pot 10 A + D

F Leave to Brew 60 E

G Pour into cup 5 B + FH Add Milk/sugar 5 G

I Stir 10 H

Drink!


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Killer Robot Chapters 1 and 2

Review for information

Project Managers

Project Management Issues

Prepare for next tutorial


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Q & A

Question and Answer Session


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P f i l & E t i D l t

Topic and Structure of next session

Next Session

Professional Issues

lecture project management slides

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